Unlocking Medical Terminology Second Edition CHAPTER 3 Cells

Multimedia Directory Slide 21 Slide 35 Cell Structure Animation Breast Cancer Video Unlocking Medical

Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to: – Define and

Learning Objectives (cont. ) After completing this chapter, you will be able to: –

Prefixes ana- = up, toward, apart dys- = bad, abnormal, painful, difficult epi- =

Combining Forms • • • aden/o = gland carcin/o = cancer chem/o = chemistry

Combining Forms (cont. ) • • fibr/o = fiber gen/o, gene/o = formation, cause,

Combining Forms (cont. ) • • • lip/o = fat, lipid lymph/o = clear

Combining Forms (cont. ) • • neur/o = sinew or cord, nerve, fascia nucl/o,

Combining Forms (cont. ) • • • oste/o = bone radi/o = light energy,

Suffixes • • -al = pertaining to -elle = small -gen = producing, formation,

Suffixes (cont. ) • -genic = pertaining to producing, formation, causing • -ic =

Suffixes (cont. ) • • • -oid = resembling -oma = abnormal swelling, tumor

Suffixes (cont. ) • • • -sarcoma = malignant tumor -sis = state of

Cells • Cells – Most basic living units of the body – Composed of

Three General Cell Parts • Cell membrane – Outer boundary of cell; mostly protein

Three General Cell Parts (cont. ) • Cytoplasm – Forms the main substance of

Three General Cell Parts (cont. ) • Nucleus – Contains the genetic material called

Figure 3. 1 The parts of a cell Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce

Figure 3. 1 (continued) The parts of a cell Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition

Cell Structure Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation on the topic

Tissues • A tissue is a group of similar cells that perform a particular

Four General Types of Tissues • Epithelial tissues – Consist of cells that are

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Epithelial tissues – Cover body surfaces

Figure 3. 2 Epithelial tissues Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright ©

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Connective tissues – Consist of widely

Figure 3. 3 Connective tissues Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright ©

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Muscle tissues – Cells that are

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Muscle types – Skeletal muscle §

Figure 3. 4 Muscle tissue Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright ©

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Nervous tissues – Consist of specialized

Figure 3. 5 Nervous tissue Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright ©

Word Roots • • • chrom = color cyt = cell neur = nerve

Cancer • Cancer – One of the most life-threatening diseases of adults in our

Breast Cancer Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic

Basic Rules for Construction of Cancer Terms • Benign tumors that arise from connective

Basic Rules for Construction of Cancer Terms (cont. ) • Malignant tumors of connective

Basic Rules for Construction of Cancer Terms (cont. ) • The suffix –oma is

Basic Rules for Construction of Cancer Terms (cont. ) • The word root carcin

Symptoms and Signs • Anaplasia – A permanent loss of structural organization in a

Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Metastasis – The spreading of cancer cells from

Figure 3. 6 Metastasis of cancer cells Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd

Diseases and Disorders • Adenocarcinoma – A malignant tumor of glandular epithelial tissue –

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Cancer – A disease characterized by aggressive, unregulated

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Carcinoma – A cancer, or malignant tumor •

PET scan showing carcinoma of the lung Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Fibrosarcoma – A malignant tumor that originates from

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Lipoma – A benign tumor of fat tissue

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Melanoma – A cancer that bears a dark

Figure 3. 7 Formation of a tumor in the large intestine Unlocking Medical Terminology,

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Neuroma – A tumor that originates from nervous

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Rhabdomyoma – A benign tumor that originates from

Treatments, Procedures, and Devices • Chemotherapy – Treatment that uses drugs; abbreviated chemo •

Figure 3. 8 Chemotherapy patient Source: Simon Fraser/Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers,

Treatments, Procedures, and Devices (cont. ) • Histologist – A scientist or technician who

Treatments, Procedures, and Devices (cont. ) • Oncology – The study of tumors •

Pharmaceuticals • Chemotherapeutics • Hormone therapy agents • Biological agents (immunotherapy agents) Unlocking Medical

Abbreviations • • • Adeno-Ca CA chemo Mets St TNM Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second

Classroom Response System Pretest Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011

To what does epithelial refer? A. a tissue composed of closely arranged cells B.

To what does cardiac muscle refer? A. a muscle tissue attached to bones B.

A cancer patient is under the care of what medical field? A. cytology B.

The spread of cells from a tumor through blood and lymphatic vessels is known

The combining form sarc/o means A. tool B. flesh C. veins D. arteries Unlocking

The combining form organ/o means A. tool B. bone C. rod D. cell Unlocking

What combining form means color? A. lei/o B. chrom/o C. lymph/o D. thel/i Unlocking

What is the medical term that means the spreading of cancer cells from the

What is the medical term for a benign tumor of glandular epithelial tissue? A.

What is the medical term for a benign tumor of muscle tissue? A. leiomyoma

Classroom Response System Post-test Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011

The combining for melan/o means: A. black B. white C. red D. green Unlocking

The ____ forms the main substance of the cell. A. cytoplasm B. gene C.

What is the medical term for a benign tumor of fat? A. myosarcoma B.

What is the medical term that means abnormal tissue development? A. anaplasia B. dysplasia

What is the medical term for a benign tumor that originates from skeletal muscle?

According to the American Cancer Society, cancer kills more than ____ Americans each year.

Which is a scientist who studies tissue? A. cytologist B. histologist C. oncologist D.

Which of the following is part of the trunk? A. shoulder B. abdomen C.

Which of the following is part of the head? A. cranium B. anterior neck

All of the following are part of the nervous system except the: A. spinal

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Unlocking Medical Terminology Second Edition CHAPTER 3 Cells, Tissues, and Cancer Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Multimedia Directory Slide 21 Slide 35 Cell Structure Animation Breast Cancer Video Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to: – Define and spell the word parts used to create medical terms for cells, tissues, and cancer – Describe how cells and tissues form the building blocks of the human body – Define common medical terms used for cancer Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives (cont. ) After completing this chapter, you will be able to: – Break down and define common medical terms used for symptoms, diseases, disorders, procedures, treatments, and devices for cancer Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Prefixes ana- = up, toward, apart dys- = bad, abnormal, painful, difficult epi- = upon, over, above, on top hyper- = excessive, abnormally high, above • meta- = after, change • neo- = new • • Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms • • • aden/o = gland carcin/o = cancer chem/o = chemistry chrom/o = color cyt/o = cell Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont. ) • • fibr/o = fiber gen/o, gene/o = formation, cause, produce hist/o = tissue lei/o = smooth Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont. ) • • • lip/o = fat, lipid lymph/o = clear water or fluid mal/o = bad melan/o = dark, black my/o = muscle Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont. ) • • neur/o = sinew or cord, nerve, fascia nucl/o, nucle/o = kernel, nucleus onc/o = tumor organ/o = tool Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Combining Forms (cont. ) • • • oste/o = bone radi/o = light energy, radiation rhabd/o = rod sarc/o = flesh, meat thel/i = nipple Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Suffixes • • -al = pertaining to -elle = small -gen = producing, formation, causing -genesis = origin, cause Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Suffixes (cont. ) • -genic = pertaining to producing, formation, causing • -ic = pertaining to • -logist = one who studies • -logy = study of Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Suffixes (cont. ) • • • -oid = resembling -oma = abnormal swelling, tumor -osis = condition of -plasia = shape, formation -plasm = something shaped Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Suffixes (cont. ) • • • -sarcoma = malignant tumor -sis = state of -some = body -stasis = standing still -therapy = treatment -um = pertaining to Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cells • Cells – Most basic living units of the body – Composed of atoms and molecules, which combine in an organized manner to form the various parts of the cell Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Three General Cell Parts • Cell membrane – Outer boundary of cell; mostly protein and lipids – Regulates movement of materials in and out of the cell Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Three General Cell Parts (cont. ) • Cytoplasm – Forms the main substance of the cell – Is a thick fluid that contains organelles § Organelles perform most cell functions: • Construction of molecules • Release of energy • Storage of energy Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Three General Cell Parts (cont. ) • Nucleus – Contains the genetic material called DNA § DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid § DNA: A very large molecule that contains more than 30, 000 genes, which contain hereditary information § Each molecule of DNA is packed into a chromosome Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cell Structure Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation on the topic of cell structure. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Tissues • A tissue is a group of similar cells that perform a particular function, such as: – providing movement – protecting parts of the body – secreting substances Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Four General Types of Tissues • Epithelial tissues – Consist of cells that are arranged closely together – Cells may be flat, cube-shaped, or columnar – Cells may form a single layer to create a thin barrier or multiple layers to establish a thick, protective barrier Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Epithelial tissues – Cover body surfaces and line body cavities, forming a protective sheet over other tissues – Some epithelial cells specialize in releasing a substance they produce § Secretory cells form glands Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Connective tissues – Consist of widely scattered cells – General function is to connect cells and tissues to support organs – Provide support for softer parts of the body and protect them from injury – Form the bones, joints, and material between other organs – Include fat and blood Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Muscle tissues – Cells that are specialized to contract and produce movement • Three types – Skeletal – Smooth – Cardiac Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Muscle types – Skeletal muscle § Forms the muscles attached to bones – Smooth muscle § Located in the walls of hollow organs, such as stomach, small intestine, and blood vessels – Cardiac muscle § Forms the wall of the heart § Produces heart’s contractions Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Four General Types of Tissues (cont. ) • Nervous tissues – Consist of specialized cells called neurons § Neurons carry information in the form of electrochemical impulses § Along with supportive cells called neuroglial cells, neurons form the brain, spinal cord, and nerves Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Word Roots • • • chrom = color cyt = cell neur = nerve nucl, nucle = kernel, nucleus organ = tool thel = nipple Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cancer • Cancer – One of the most life-threatening diseases of adults in our time – In the U. S. , causes nearly 40% of all annual deaths – Characterized by abnormal growth of cells when DNA undergoes mutation within a cell Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Breast Cancer Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of breast cancer. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Basic Rules for Construction of Cancer Terms • Benign tumors that arise from connective tissue or muscle tissue are usually named by adding the suffix -oma – Myoma is a benign tumor of muscle – Lipoma is a benign tumor of fat Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Basic Rules for Construction of Cancer Terms (cont. ) • Malignant tumors of connective or muscle tissue origin are often named by adding the term sarcoma because sarcomas are almost always malignant – Myosarcoma is a malignant tumor of muscle – Liposarcoma is a malignant tumor of fat Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Basic Rules for Construction of Cancer Terms (cont. ) • The suffix –oma is used to describe both malignant and benign tumors that arise from epithelial and nervous tissue – Neuroma is a tumor of nervous tissue; could be benign or malignant Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Basic Rules for Construction of Cancer Terms (cont. ) • The word root carcin indicates a malignant tumor – Neurocarcinoma is a malignant tumor of nervous tissue Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Symptoms and Signs • Anaplasia – A permanent loss of structural organization in a tissue • Dysplasia – Abnormal tissue development • Hyperplasia – An increase in the number of cells in a tissue, other than by tumor development Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Metastasis – The spreading of cancer cells from the primary tumor • Remission – Improvement or absence of signs of disease Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diseases and Disorders • Adenocarcinoma – A malignant tumor of glandular epithelial tissue – Abbreviated Adeno-Ca • Adenoma – A benign tumor of glandular epithelial tissue • Benign – A noninvasive, slow-growing tumor; nonmalignant Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Cancer – A disease characterized by aggressive, unregulated growth of abnormal cells and their spreading to other tissues • Cancer in situ – Cancer in the early stages prior to metastasis • Carcinogen – A substance that causes cancer Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Carcinoma – A cancer, or malignant tumor • Epithelioma – A tumor that originates from epithelium, usually from the skin • Fibroma – A benign tumor of fibrous connective tissue Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Fibrosarcoma – A malignant tumor that originates from fibrous connective tissue • Leiomyoma – A benign tumor of smooth muscle • Leiomyosarcoma – A malignant tumor that originates from smooth muscle Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Lipoma – A benign tumor of fat tissue • Lymphoma – A malignant solid tumor of lymphoid tissue • Malignant – An aggressive, life-threatening, invasive tumor Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Melanoma – A cancer that bears a dark pigment, usually of the skin • Myoma – A benign tumor of muscle tissue • Neoplasm – A new growth of abnormal cells; a tumor Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Neuroma – A tumor that originates from nervous tissue • Oncogenic – The process of causing tumors • Osteosarcoma – A malignant cancer of bone Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Rhabdomyoma – A benign tumor that originates from skeletal muscle • Rhabdomyosarcoma – A malignant tumor that originates from skeletal muscle Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Treatments, Procedures, and Devices • Chemotherapy – Treatment that uses drugs; abbreviated chemo • Cytologist – A scientist or technician who studies cell structure and function • Cytology – The field of study concerned with the structure and function of cells Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Figure 3. 8 Chemotherapy patient Source: Simon Fraser/Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Treatments, Procedures, and Devices (cont. ) • Histologist – A scientist or technician who studies or identifies tissues • Histology – The study of tissue • Oncologist – A physician who specializes in the treatment of cancer Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Treatments, Procedures, and Devices (cont. ) • Oncology – The study of tumors • Palliative therapy – Treatment to reduce the intensity of painful symptoms without producing a cure • Radiotherapy – Treatment of cancer that uses radioactive materials Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Pharmaceuticals • Chemotherapeutics • Hormone therapy agents • Biological agents (immunotherapy agents) Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

To what does epithelial refer? A. a tissue composed of closely arranged cells B. a tissue composed of protein and fluids with a few scattered cells C. blood D. a tissue with cells specialized to contract in order to produce movement Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

To what does cardiac muscle refer? A. a muscle tissue attached to bones B. a muscle tissue in the walls of blood vessels and other hollow organs C. a muscle tissue that pushes blood through the body D. a type of specialized nervous tissue Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

A cancer patient is under the care of what medical field? A. cytology B. histology C. oncology D. pediatrics Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

The spread of cells from a tumor through blood and lymphatic vessels is known as: A. dysplasia B. metastasis C. anaplasia D. mutation Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

What is the medical term that means the spreading of cancer cells from the primary tumor? A. remission B. benign C. metastasis D. malignant Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

What is the medical term for a benign tumor of glandular epithelial tissue? A. leiomyoma B. fibrosarcoma C. fibroma D. ademoma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

What is the medical term for a benign tumor of muscle tissue? A. leiomyoma B. fibroma C. myoma D. osteosarcoma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

The ____ forms the main substance of the cell. A. cytoplasm B. gene C. DNA D. nucleus Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

What is the medical term for a benign tumor of fat? A. myosarcoma B. myoma C. liposarcoma D. lipoma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

What is the medical term that means abnormal tissue development? A. anaplasia B. dysplasia C. hyperplasia D. hypoplasia Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

What is the medical term for a benign tumor that originates from skeletal muscle? A. rhabdomyoma B. melanoma C. myoma D. neuroma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

According to the American Cancer Society, cancer kills more than ____ Americans each year. A. 100, 000 B. 250, 000 C. 500, 000 D. 1, 000 Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Which is a scientist who studies tissue? A. cytologist B. histologist C. oncologist D. chemotherapist Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Which of the following is part of the trunk? A. shoulder B. abdomen C. heart D. knee Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Which of the following is part of the head? A. cranium B. anterior neck C. posterior neck D. thorax Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

All of the following are part of the nervous system except the: A. spinal cord B. brain C. pituitary gland D. nerves Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.