Unlocking Medical Terminology Second Edition CHAPTER 4 The
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Unlocking Medical Terminology Second Edition CHAPTER 4 The Integumentary System Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Multimedia Directory Slide 40 Slide 67 Slide 73 Slide 78 Slide 82 Slide 85 Slide 103 Integumentary Repair Animation Acne Video Burn Animation Decubitus Ulcer Video Eczema Video Herpes Video Skin Cancer Video Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to: – Define and spell the word parts used to create terms for the integumentary system – Identify the major organs of the integumentary system and describe their structure and function Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives (cont. ) After completing this chapter, you will be able to: – Break down and define common medical terms used for symptoms, diseases, disorders, procedures, treatments, and devices associated with the integumentary system – Build medical terms from the word parts associated with the integumentary system Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives (cont. ) After completing this chapter, you will be able to: – Pronounce and spell common medical terms associated with the integumentary system Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Integumentary System • Contains the largest organ of the body, the skin • The skin and its accessory glands are engaged in a constant battle with infectious agents Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Integumentary System (cont. ) • Includes smaller accessory organs and other structures – – – Hair follicles Nails Oil glands Sweat glands Sensory receptors Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 1 Skin Structure Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Prefixes • • • a- = without, absence of an- = without, absence of ep- = upon, over, above, on top epi- = upon, over, above, on top hyper- = excessive, abnormally high, above Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Prefixes (cont. ) • intra- = within • par- = near, alongside, departure from normal • per- = through • sub- = under, beneath, below Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms • • abras/o = to rub away aden/o = gland aut/o = self bi/o = life (the prefix bi- means two, but the root word bi means life) Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms (cont. ) • • • carcin/o = cancer cellul/o = small chamber crypt/o = hidden cutane/o = skin derm/o, dermat/o = skin elast/o = change shape Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms (cont. ) • • eryth/o, erythr/o = red fibr/o = fiber heter/o = other hidr/o = sweat kerat/o = hard, horny tissue lei/o = smooth leuk/o = white Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms (cont. ) • • • melan/o = dark, black myc/o = fungus necr/o = death onych/o = nail pachy/o = thick Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms (cont. ) • • pedicul/o = body louse rhytid/o = wrinkles sarc/o = flesh, meat scler/o = thick, hard; sclera Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Combining Forms (cont. ) • seb/o = sebum, or oil • trich/o = hair • xer/o = dry Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Suffixes • -a = singular • -ectomy = surgical excision, removal • -ema = from -emia, meaning condition of blood • -genic = pertaining to producing, formation, causing • -ia = condition of Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Suffixes (cont. ) • • • -ion = act or process -is = pertaining to -ite = condition -itis = inflammation -malacia = softening Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Suffixes (cont. ) • • -oma = abnormal swelling, tumor -opsy = view of -osis = condition of -ous = pertaining to Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Suffixes (cont. ) • • -phagia = eating or swallowing -plasty = surgical repair -rrhea = discharge (of fluid) -tome = cutting instrument Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Anatomy and Physiology • The skin establishes a physical barrier that protects against – loss of body fluids – damage due to physical injury or UV light – invasion by microorganisms • Skin helps regulate body temperature • Blood vessels in skin help body maintain homeostasis by regulating blood flow Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Anatomy and Physiology (cont. ) • Sweat glands – Assist in temperature regulation – Help remove waste materials • Sensory receptors in skin provide valuable information about heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Skin • Covers your body – to protect it from the outside environment – to maintain homeostasis • Two distinct layers – Epidermis – Dermis Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Epidermis • Thin, outermost layer of the skin • The deepest layer is responsible for new cell production • Cells are replaced every 7– 10 days as new cells push older cell layers upward Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 2 Layers of the epidermis Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Epidermis (cont. ) • As cells approach skin’s surface, they become filled with the tough, waterproof protein keratin, and eventually die • Keratin is also a major component of hair and nails Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
DNA within the Epidermis • Skin color is determined by genes within DNA • These genes regulate the amount of pigment proteins produced by skin cells Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
DNA within the Epidermis (cont. ) • This brown-colored protein is called melanin – The more melanin produced, the darker the skin becomes – Melanin protects skin from UV light, which can damage DNA and lead to skin cancer Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Dermis • Thicker, deep layer of the skin – Composed of connective tissue that contains lots of blood vessels – Rich in the tough protein collagen § Collagen glues the dermis to the underlying layer of tissue, or subcutaneous layer (comprised mostly of fat) Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Dermis (cont. ) • The dermis also contains the protein elastin – Gives skin the ability to stretch and retract – Aging skin has decreased elastin, causing skin to lose its elasticity Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Dermis (cont. ) • The dermis contains: – – – Hair follicles Nails Oil glands Sweat glands Sensory receptors Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Hair • The only body areas lacking hair are: – – – Palms of the hands Soles of the feet Eyelid surfaces Lips Nipples Head of penis Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Hair (cont. ) • Hair – Provides some protection from UV light – Assists in sensation of touch • Hair consists of: – hair root embedded in the skin – hair shaft above the skin surface – hair follicle surrounding most of hair root Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 3 The hair and hair follicle and associated structures Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Nails • Lunula: The white area at the nail base • Nail body: The visible pink area • Cuticle: A flap of dead epidermal cells at the proximal edge of the nail Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 4 Nail structure, side view and cross-sectional view Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Sebaceous Glands • Sebaceous glands are also called oil glands • The oily fluid, or sebum, lubricates the skin and hair – Sebum is a mixture of lipids, salts, water, and cholesterol Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Sweat Glands • Widely distributed throughout skin in great numbers • Sweat, or perspiration: – Is composed of water, salts, and urea – Helps maintain body temperature – Aids kidneys in elimination of metabolic wastes Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Sensory Receptors • Skin contains millions of microscopic structures known as sensory receptors • Each receptor is capable of initiating a nerve impulse when stimulated by: – – a change in temperature a pressure change movement of nearby tissues damage to nearby cells • Help maintain homeostasis Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Integumentary Repair Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation on integumentary repair. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Word Roots • • colla = glue cutane = skin derm, dermat = skin elast = change shape kerat = horn melan = black, dark onych = nail seb = oily fluid Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs • Abrasion – A skin wound caused by scraping • Abscess – A collection of pus from a localized infection • Alopecia – A loss or lack of scalp hair – Also called baldness Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 5 Alopecia or balding Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Cellulite – Fat deposition, usually in the thighs and buttocks • Cicatrix – A scar • Comedo – An elevated lesion from buildup of sebum and keratin – Also called a blackhead Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Contusion – A bruise • Cyst – A closed sac or pouch that contains fluid • Diaphoresis – Profuse sweating Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Edema – Swelling caused by fluid accumulation • Erythema – General term for redness of the skin • Fissure – A narrow break or slit in the skin • Furuncle – A localized skin infection originating from a hair follicle; a boil Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 6 Furuncle Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Induration – The formation of local hard areas on the skin or elsewhere • Jaundice – An abnormal yellow coloring of the skin – Also called xanthoderma • Keloid – An overgrowth of scar tissue Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 7 Keloid Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Laceration – A torn or jagged wound • Lesion – A change in tissues due to disease or injury • Macule – A discolored flat spot, such as a freckle • Nevus – A circumscribed, pigmented area, a mole, or a birthmark; plural form is nevi Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 8 Nevus Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Pallor – Abnormal lack of skin color; paleness • Papule – A pimple • Petechia – A pinpoint skin hemorrhage; the plural form is petechiae • Pruritus – Intense itching Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Purpura – A purple-red discoloration resulting from hemorrhage into the skin • Pustule – A small circumscribed skin elevation that contains pus Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 9 Purpura Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Ulcer – An eroded lesion of the skin or mucous membrane • Urticaria – Skin eruption usually caused by an allergic reaction to foods, infection, or injury – Also called hives Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Verruca – A small circumscribed skin elevation caused by a virus – Also called a wart • Vesicle – A small elevation of the epidermis that contains fluid – Also called a blister Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Symptoms and Signs (cont. ) • Wheal – A temporary, itchy elevation of the skin, usually with a white center and red perimeter – Also called a welt Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 10 Common skin signs. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 10 (continued) Common skin signs. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 10 (continued) Common skin signs. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 10 (continued) Common skin signs. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 10 (continued) Common skin signs. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 10 (continued) Common skin signs. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 10 (continued) Common skin signs. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders • Acne – An inflammatory skin eruption • Actinic keratosis – A precancerous skin condition caused by exposure to sunlight; overgrowths of the outer epidermal layer Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 11 Acne Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Acne Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of acne. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Albinism – A genetic condition; lack or reduction of melanin • Basal cell carcinoma – A tumor arising from the epithelium of the epidermis – It can spread locally if not treated, but seldom metastasizes Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 12 Basal cell carcinoma Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Burn – An injury to skin caused by fire, electricity, chemicals, radiation, light, or friction • Classified based on two factors – Depth of the injury: Partial thickness (superficial), partial thickness (deep), or full thickness – “Rule of Nines”: the amount of surface area burned Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 13 Burn Injury: Depth Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 14 Burn Injury: Rule of Nines Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Burn Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation on the topic of burns. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Carbuncle – Cluster of boils caused by Staphylococcus bacteria • Cellulitis – Inflammation of skin from infection of connective tissue • Decubitus ulcer – Also called bedsore Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 15 Carbuncle Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
. Figure 4. 16 Cellulitis Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 17 Decubitus ulcer Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Decubitus Ulcer Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of decubitus ulcers. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Dermatitis – Inflammation of the skin • Dermatofibroma – Fibrous tumor of the skin • Ecchymosis – A purplish patch caused by leaking blood vessels Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 18 Dermatitis Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Eczema – An inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scaling, and sensations of itching and burning • Erythroderma – Abnormal redness of the skin • Gangrene – Tissue death and decay caused by loss or reduction of blood supply Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Eczema Movie Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of eczema. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Herpes – A skin eruption characterized by clusters of deep blisters that appear periodically • Hidradenitis – Inflammation of a sweat gland • Hyperhidrosis – Excessive perspiration Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 19 Herpes Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Herpes Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of herpes. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Impetigo – Contagious skin infection characterized by blisters that later erupt to form a yellowish crust Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 20 Impetigo Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Kaposi’s sarcoma – A form of skin cancer with purple or brown patches that spread by way of lymphatics – Used as a sign of AIDS • Leiodermia – Abnormally smooth skin Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 21 Kaposi’s sarcoma Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Leukoderma – Abnormally light-colored skin • Melanoma – Malignant skin tumor that arises from melanocytes Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 22 Melanoma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Necrosis – Disease-related death of tissue • Onychocryptosis – Ingrown nail Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Onychomalacia – Softening of the nails • Onychomycosis – Fungal infection of the nails • Onychophagia – Abnormal behavior of nail biting or eating Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 23 Onychomycosis Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Pachyderma – Abnormal thickening of the skin • Paronychia – Infection along the nail Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 24 Paronychia Source: Leonard Morse, Medical Images, Inc. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Pediculosis – Infestation of the hair and skin with lice • Psoriasis – A chronic skin condition characterized by red lesions covered with silvery scales • Scabies – Skin eruption caused by the female itch mite, which burrows into the skin to extract blood – Causes mild dermatitis Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 25 Pediculosis Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 26 Psoriasis Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Scleroderma – Thickening of the skin caused by swelling and thickening of fibrous connective tissue • Seborrhea – Sebaceous gland hyperactivity, resulting in excessive discharge of sebum Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Squamous cell carcinoma – A skin cancer arising from the epidermis, usually appearing as a firm, red elevation with scales – Grows relatively slowly but is capable of metastasis in its later stages Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 27 Squamous cell carcinoma Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Skin Cancer Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of skin cancer. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Systemic lupus erythematosus – A chronic inflammatory disease of connective tissue affecting the skin and many other organs – Early stages are characterized by red patches on the face and joint pain • Tinea – A fungal infection of the skin – Also called ringworm Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 4. 28 Tinea Courtesy of Jason L. Smith, MD. Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Diseases and Disorders (cont. ) • Trichomycosis – Fungus on the hair surface • Vitiligo – Loss of pigment-producing cells results in whitish areas of skin • Xeroderma – Abnormally dry skin Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Treatments, Procedures, and Devices • Biopsy – Surgical removal of tissue for evaluation – Abbreviated bx • Debridement – Removal of diseased or dead tissue and foreign matter from a wound • Dermabrasion – Removal of skin scars with abrasives, such as sandpaper Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Debridement, or wound cleansing Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Treatments, Procedures, and Devices (cont. ) • Dermatoautoplasty – Surgical repair using the patient’s skin for a skin graft – Also called autograft • Dermatoheteroplasty – Surgical repair using skin from a source other than the patient for a skin graft – Also called allograft Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Treatments, Procedures, and Devices (cont. ) • Dermatologist – A physician who specializes in disease and treatment of the skin • Dermatology – The medical field that specializes in disease and treatment of the skin • Dermatome – An instrument used to cut skin Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Treatments, Procedures, and Devices (cont. ) • Dermatoplasty – Surgical repair of the skin • Emollient – An agent that softens or smoothes the skin • Hypodermic – A procedure that involves the subcutaneous area • Onychectomy – Excision of a nail Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Treatments, Procedures, and Devices (cont. ) • Percutaneous – Pertaining to through the skin • Rhytidectomy – Excision of wrinkles • Rhytidoplasty – Surgical repair of wrinkles Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Pharmaceuticals • • Anesthetics Antibiotics Antifungals Antiparasitics Antipruritics Antiseptics Antivirals Corticosteroid creams Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Abbreviations • • BCC bx I&D sc SLE Sq. CCa TBSA Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Classroom Response System Pretest Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What does the combining form dermat/o mean? A. skin B. hair C. nail D. eye Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What does the combining form dermat/o mean? A. skin B. hair C. nail D. eye Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The swelling that occurs when fluid accumulates in a confined space is known as which of the following? A. erythema B. edema C. bruise D. cyst Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The swelling that occurs when fluid accumulates in a confined space is known as which of the following? A. erythema B. edema C. bruise D. cyst Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is the medical term for yellow that also describes a sign of liver disease? A. cyanosis B. erythema C. jaundice D. pallor Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is the medical term for yellow that also describes a sign of liver disease? A. cyanosis B. erythema C. jaundice D. pallor Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is an overgrowth of scar tissue that forms an elevation on the skin? A. keloid B. macule C. papule D. vesicle Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is an overgrowth of scar tissue that forms an elevation on the skin? A. keloid B. macule C. papule D. vesicle Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What does the combining form xer/o mean? A. moist B. itchy C. red D. dry Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What does the combining form xer/o mean? A. moist B. itchy C. red D. dry Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What does the term alopecia mean? A. reduction of skin pigmentation B. baldness C. overgrowth of the hair D. contagious skin infection Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What does the term alopecia mean? A. reduction of skin pigmentation B. baldness C. overgrowth of the hair D. contagious skin infection Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Viral infection resulting in periodic skin eruption producing clusters of deep blisters is known as what? A. herpes B. scabies C. psoriasis D. melanoma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Viral infection resulting in periodic skin eruption producing clusters of deep blisters is known as what? A. herpes B. scabies C. psoriasis D. melanoma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is the medical term for fungal infection of the skin? A. lupus B. impetigo C. cellulitis D. tinea Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is the medical term for fungal infection of the skin? A. lupus B. impetigo C. cellulitis D. tinea Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The term biopsy relates to which of the following? A. removing fluid from the spine B. minor surgery removing tissue for evaluation C. minor surgery involving the removal of an ingrown nail D. cleaning a wound of dirt and debris Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The term biopsy relates to which of the following? A. removing fluid from the spine B. minor surgery removing tissue for evaluation C. minor surgery involving the removal of an ingrown nail D. cleaning a wound of dirt and debris Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a chemical agent that softens or smoothes skin? A. emollient B. suspension C. syrup D. phenol Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a chemical agent that softens or smoothes skin? A. emollient B. suspension C. syrup D. phenol Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Classroom Response System Post-test Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following combining forms means glands? A. kerat/o B. seb/o C. aden/o D. cutane/o Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following combining forms means glands? A. kerat/o B. seb/o C. aden/o D. cutane/o Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which word best describes a local, uneven surface of skin caused by fat deposition, usually found in the thighs and buttocks? A. cellulite B. cicatrix C. dermatitis D. scleroderma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which word best describes a local, uneven surface of skin caused by fat deposition, usually found in the thighs and buttocks? A. cellulite B. cicatrix C. dermatitis D. scleroderma Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following is the clinical term for pimple? A. pustule B. verruca C. wheal D. comedo Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following is the clinical term for pimple? A. pustule B. verruca C. wheal D. comedo Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
When a person has a laceration, he/she has which of the following? A. a tear or cut with an irregular surface B. a narrow break or slit in the skin C. erosion of skin or a mucous membrane D. an injury to the skin caused by excessive exposure to fire, electricity, chemicals, or sunlight Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
When a person has a laceration, he/she has which of the following? A. a tear or cut with an irregular surface B. a narrow break or slit in the skin C. erosion of skin or a mucous membrane D. an injury to the skin caused by excessive exposure to fire, electricity, chemicals, or sunlight Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The combining form onych/o refers to which of the following? A. tumor B. gland C. horny tissue D. nail Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The combining form onych/o refers to which of the following? A. tumor B. gland C. horny tissue D. nail Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The suffix –itis refers to which of the following? A. self B. inflammation C. singular D. pertaining to Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The suffix –itis refers to which of the following? A. self B. inflammation C. singular D. pertaining to Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The prefix par- refers to which of the following? A. hidden B. sweat C. alongside, abnormal D. softening Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
The prefix par- refers to which of the following? A. hidden B. sweat C. alongside, abnormal D. softening Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a skin infection composed of a cluster of boils? A. carcinoma B. carbuncle C. pustule D. herpes Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a skin infection composed of a cluster of boils? A. carcinoma B. carbuncle C. pustule D. herpes Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a skin condition that occurs when people age and their skin becomes lighter in color due to reduced activity of the pigment-producing cells in the skin? A. impetigo B. leukoderma C. onychomalacia D. paronychia Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following is a skin condition that occurs when people age and their skin becomes lighter in color due to reduced activity of the pigment-producing cells in the skin? A. impetigo B. leukoderma C. onychomalacia D. paronychia Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following best describes scabies? A. a viral infection that produces deep blisters in clusters B. a contagious viral infection C. silvery scaled patches on the skin D. a skin eruption caused by an itch mite Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Which of the following best describes scabies? A. a viral infection that produces deep blisters in clusters B. a contagious viral infection C. silvery scaled patches on the skin D. a skin eruption caused by an itch mite Unlocking Medical Terminology, Second Edition Bruce Wingerd Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
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