Chapter 1 The Anatomical Position Medical Terminology The

Chapter 1 The Anatomical Position & Medical Terminology

The Anatomical Position Subject is standing upright, facing the observer, with the upper limbs placed at the sides, palms turned forward, and the feet flat on the floor.

Anatomical Terms Anterior Surface Common Name Head Skull Face Neck Forehead Eye Ear Anatomical Name Cephalic Cranial Facial Cervical Frontal Orbital Otic

Anatomical Terms Anterior Surface Common Name. Anatomical Name Cheek Buccal Nose Nasal Mouth Oral Chin Mental Armpit Axillary Arm Brachial Front of Elbow Antecubital

Anatomical Terms Anterior Surface Common Name. Anatomical Name Forearm Antebrachial Wrist Carpal Palm Metacarpal Fingers Digital (Phalangeal) Chest Thoracic Breastbone Sternal Breast Mammary

Anatomical Terms Anterior Surface Common Name Navel Hip Groin Hand Pubis Thigh Anatomical Name Umbilical Coxal Inguinal Manual Pubic Femoral

Anatomical Terms Anterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Front of Knee Patellar Leg Crural Foot Pedal Ankle Tarsal Toes Digital (Phalangeal)

Anatomical Terms Posterior Surface Common Name Anatomical Name Base of Skull Occipital Shoulder Acromial Shoulder Blade Scapular Spinal Column Vertebral Back Dorsal Back of Elbow. Olecranal

Anatomical Terms Posterior Surface Common Name. Anatomical Name Loin Lumbar Between Hips Sacral Buttock Gluteal Behind the Knee. Popliteal Calf Sural Sole of Foot Plantar Heel of Foot Calcaneal

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION Superior Toward the head or upper part of the body EXAMPLES 1. The heart is superior to the liver 2. The brain is superior to the spinal cord

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION Inferior Away from the head or towards lower part of the body EXAMPLES 1. The small intestines is inferior to the liver 2. The stomach is inferior to the lungs

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION Anterior Near to/at the front of the body EXAMPLES 1. The heart is anterior to the backbone 2. The sternum is anterior to the lungs

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION Posterior Near to/at the back of the body EXAMPLES 1. The esophagus is posterior to the trachea 2. The kidneys are posterior to the liver

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION Medial Near the midline of the body EXAMPLES 1. The ulna is on the medial side of the forearm 2. The nose is medial to the ears

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION EXAMPLES 1. The radius is on the Lateral lateral side of the forearm Far(ther) from the midline 2. The humerus is lateral to the rib cage

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION Intermediate In between two structures EXAMPLES 1. The ring finger is intermediate to the little and middle fingers 2. The heart is intermediate to the lungs

Directional Terms EXAMPLES 1. The femur is proximal to the Proximal tibia Nearer to an attachment of 2. The humerus is proximal to the a limb/point of origin ulna TERM & DEFINITION

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION EXAMPLES 1. The fibula is distal Distal to the femur 2. The carpals are Farther from an attachment distal to the scapula or point of origin

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION Superficial Towards the surface EXAMPLES 1. The sternum is superficial to the heart 2. The epidermis is superficial to the dermis

Directional Terms TERM & DEFINITION Deep Away from the surface EXAMPLES 1. The kidneys are deep to the liver 2. The ribs are deep to the skin of the chest

Planes & Sections Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into Right (R) & Left (L) sides 1. Midsagittal – equal planes 2. Parasagittal – unequal planes Frontal (Coronal) Plane: Divides the body into anterior (front) & posterior (back) portions Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior (upper) & inferior (lower) portions Oblique Plane: Passes through the body/organ at an angle

Planes & Sections

Body Cavities Dorsal Body Cavity 1. Cranial Cavity – Brain 2. Vertebral Cavity – Spinal cord & nerve origins Ventral Body Cavity 1. Thoracic Cavity – Chest cavity A. Pleural Cavity – Lungs B. Pericardial Cavity – Heart C. Mediastinum 2. Abdominopelvic Cavity A. Abdominal – stomach, spleen, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, small & large intestines B. Pelvic – bladder, portions of large intestines, sex organs

Body Cavities