Comparing Prokaryotic Cells with Eukaryotic Cells Cells in

Comparing Prokaryotic Cells with Eukaryotic Cells • Cells in our world come in two basic types, prokaryotic and eukaryotic. • "Karyose" comes from a Greek word which means "kernel, " as in a kernel of grain. In biology, we use this word root to refer to the nucleus of a cell. • "Pro" means "before, " and "eu" means "true, " or "good. " So "Prokaryotic" means "before a nucleus, " and "eukaryotic" means "possessing a true nucleus. "

Prokaryotic Cell • Believed to be the first cells to evolve. • No “true” nucleus • Lack a membrane bound nucleus • No membrane bound organelles. • Ribosomes are only organelle.

Prokaryotic Organisms • • Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms • Kingdom Monera has been SPLITArchaebacteria, Eubacteria • • The largest group of organisms, mostly due to the vast assortment of bacteria which comprise the bulk of the prokaryote classification. Archaebacteria-hot springs, deep ocean vents • Halobacterium, Thermophiles Eubacteria- everywhere • Examples: Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Streptococcus

Types of Bacteria Coccus Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus Escherichia coli (E. coli )

Organelles of Prokaryotic Organisms • Cell Wall • Cytoplasm • Cell Membrane • Ribosomes

Eukaryotic Organism • “True nucleus”; contained in a membrane bound structure. • Membrane bound organelles. • Thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic Cell • • • Eukaryotes are generally more advanced than prokaryotes. ALL multicellular organisms contain eukaryotic cells Kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia Protista-UNICELLULAR • Examples: Paramecium, Euglena, Amoeba (Yeast-Fungi) Fungi, Plantae, Animalia. MULTICELLULAR • Examples: Mushroom, Moss, Salmon

Eukaryotic Organelles • • • Nucleus Cytoplasm Mitochondrion Cell Membrane Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Vacuole Lysosome Plants/Fungi • • Chloroplast Cell Wall

Eukaryotic Cells come in ALL shapes & sizes! Red Blood Cells Human Bone Cells Heart Muscle Cells Brain Cell