The Plant Kingdom SOL 5 5 Kingdoms of
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The Plant Kingdom SOL 5. 5: Kingdoms of Living Things
Plant Classification • • • Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Plantae Cell type: eukaryotic Cell number: multicellular Feeding: autotrophic (photosynthesis) • Reproduction: sexual (seeds)
Plant Classification • Plants evolved from green algae (protists) • They are first classified as – Nonvascular – short plants with no transport tissue (like veins), e. g. moss – Vascular – taller plants with veins, e. g. trees • Xylem – veins for water • Phloem – veins for food
Non-Vascular • Moss
Non-Vascular • Liverwort
Non-Vascular • Fern
Non-Vascular • Hornwort
Vascular • American dogwood tree
Vascular • Roses
Vascular • Grass
Plant Classification • Vascular Plants can further be classified as – Gymnosperms – cone bearing plants, e. g. pine trees – Angiosperms – flowering plants, e. g. roses
Plant Classification • Angiosperms are classified as – Monocots: flowering plants with parallel veins and petals in multiples of 3, e. g. Tulip – Dicots: flowering plants with branching veins and petals in multiples of 4 or 5, e. g. Rose • Regardless of type, flowers are great for sexual reproduction. Flowers attract animals that can help pollinate the plant.
Photosynthesis • Plant cells produce their own food through a process called photosynthesis. • Photosynthesis allows plants to convert light energy into food energy.
Parts of a Flower Male Parts Female Parts Each flower has both male and female parts. Male parts produce pollen while female parts produce ovules. Pollen + Ovule = Seed. Fruits sometimes grow from the swollen ovary as a means to transport seeds.
Parts of a Flower Male Parts Female Parts Flowers form mutualistic symbiotic relationships with pollinators like insects and birds. Plants attract them with petals and create a nectar the pollinators eat. In return the pollinators carry pollen to other plants.
Plant Cell chloroplasts cell wall nucleus cell membrane cytoplasm vacuoles
SOL Released Test Items
