KINGDOMS OF LIFEre Cladogram of Six Kingdoms and

KINGDOMS OF LIFEre Cladogram of Six Kingdoms and Three Domains Fungi Animalia Plantae ia ter ac eb a ch Ar Section 18 -3 18 -13 Protista Kingdoms Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes • Pro = earlier, prior to, pre • Eu = good, true, think new

Vocabulary • Prokaryote – organisms with cell(s) that do not contain a nucleus (simple) • Eukaryote – organisms with cell(s) that have a nucleus (more complex) • Autotroph - organisms that make their own food • Heterotroph - organisms that ingest of absorb their food • Unicellular – organism consisting of only one cell • Multicellular – organism consisting of more than one cell

Kingdom Archaebacteria • • First life forms Prokaryotes (no nucleus) Unicellular Cell Walls Autotrophs (producers = make own food) Heterotrophs (need to eat others) Methanogens (producers - eat methane) Live in extreme environments (hot, cold, no oxygen) • Discovered in 1983

Kingdom Eubacteria • • Prokaryotes (no nucleus) Unicellular Cell wall Autotrophs (producers) or Heterotrophs (consumers, decomposers) • E-Coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Cyanobacteria

• The six-kingdom system • Bacteria • Archaea • Protista • Plantae • Fungi • Animalia • The OLD five-kingdom system • Monera • OLD • Protista • Plantae • Fungi • Animalia

Kingdom Protista • Eukaryotes (cells with nucleus and membrane-bound organelles) • Mostly unicelluar, but some multicellular (algae) • Cell wall • Autotrophs (producers) or Heterotrophs (consumers) • Amoebas, Paramecium, Slime molds, Algae (seaweed) • Animal-like, plant-like, fungus-like

Amoeba • Paramecium Slime mold Kelp (seaweed)

Kingdom Fungi • Eukaryotes (cells with nucleus and membrane-bound organelles) • Most multicellular; some unicellular • Cell wall • Heterotrophs – decomposers – consumers (yeast) • Mushrooms, yeast, molds

Mold Yeast

Kingdom Plantae • Eukaryotes (cells with nucleus and membrane-bound organelles) • • All multicellular Cell wall Autotrophs (Photosynthesis) - producers Mosses, ferns, flowering plants, conifers

Mosses Conifers (needles, cones) Ferns

Kingdom Animalia • Eukaryotes (cells with nucleus and membrane-bound organelles) • • All multicellular NO cell wall Heterotrophs (consumers) Sponges, jellyfish, coral, worms, starfish, clams, crabs, fishes, sharks, frogs, salamanders, lizards, turtles, birds, mammals

Coral Reef: sponges, coral (a type of sea anemone), fishes, zooplankton

Sponges, sea anemones, jellyfish, Worms, mussels, squid, octopus, shrimp, starfish, sea urchins. Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

Organization of Life