Update on chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL treatment Dr
- Slides: 91
Update on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treatment Dr Mona Yuklea Hematology Department, Meir Hospital, 2019
CLL - incidence § The most common leukemia among adults in Western Countries § 4 -6 cases /100000 person/year § At diagnosis § More than 70% of patients – older than 65 y § Median age – 72 y § 15% of patients ≤ 55 y
CLL definition § Lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by • clonal proliferation and accumulation of mature CD 19 positive B cells within the blood , BM , lymph nodes and spleen • typically CD 5 CD 23 positive with low density of CD 20
Management of CLL patients main issues Ø WHEN? (Timing ) Ø HOW ? ( The choice of treatment)
CLL - active disease • Progressive bone marrow failure • Bulky disease • Uncontrolled autoimmune cytopenias • Rapid LDT (Lymphocyte Doubling Time) • Presence of B symptoms
General considerations for the choice of therapy § Age and fitness status based on geriatric assessment (comorbidity burden and performance status, functional and mental status , need for caregiver) § Disease status ( first-line treatment vs. ≥ 2 line) § Genetic profile
Genetic profile of CLL • FISH technique – genomic aberrations in more than 80% of CLL • Deletion of long arm of chr. 13 • Trisomy 12 • Deletion of long arm of chr. 11 • Deletion of short arm of chr. 17 • Molecular testing for IGHV – mutational status (mutated vs. unmutated)
Biological background Key roles in CLL development • B-cell receptor (BCR) activation and signaling cascade • Microenvironment – interaction of leukemic cells with T lymphocytes , stromal cells • B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 ( BCL-2) protein overexpression → resistance to apoptosis
Biological background Key roles in CLL development • B-cell receptor (BCR) activation and signaling cascade • Microenvironment – interaction of leukemic cells with T lymphocytes , stromal cells • B- cell leukemia/lymphoma 2( BCL-2) protein overexpression → resistance to apoptosis
IBRUTINIB § First-in-class irreversibly inhibitor of BTK (Bruton tyrosine kinase) , small molecule , binds to cysteine • BTK activity is critical for B-cell survival and function
IDELALISIB § Phosphoinositide - 3 kinase delta (PI 3 K�) inhibitor § PI 3 K signaling in CLL ( through delta isoform) -important role in BCR signaling
Biological background Key roles in CLL development • B-cell receptor (BCR) activation and signaling cascade • Microenvironment – interaction of leukemic cells with T lymphocytes , stromal cells • B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 ( BCL-2) protein overexpression → resistance to apoptosis
BCL-2 inhibitors § VENETOCLAX § After two decades of drug discovery efforts directed toward finding potent and selective BCL-2 inhibitors § FDA approval – 4/2016 – second line for CLL pts. del 17 p
Second generation BTK inhibitors § ACALABRUTINIB – selective BTK inhibitor designed to improve safety and efficacy § targets BTK but not other kinases (EGFR, TEC. . ) § 95% ORR in phase I - II relapse CLL, all 17 p del pts. responded § no major hemorrhage or AF
CLL - incidence § The most common leukemia among adults in Western Countries § 4 -6 cases /100000 person/year § At diagnosis § More than 70% of patients – older than 65 y § Median age – 72 y § 15% of patients ≤ 55 y
CLL definition § Lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by • clonal proliferation and accumulation of mature CD 19 positive B cells within the blood , BM , lymph nodes and spleen • typically CD 5 CD 23 positive with low density of CD 20
BCL-2 over-expression and its role in CLL
Genetic profile of CLL • FISH technique – genomic aberrations in more than 80% of CLL • Deletion of long arm of chr. 13 • Trisomy 12 • Deletion of long arm of chr. 11 • Deletion of short arm of chr. 17 • Molecular testing for IGHV – mutational status (mutated vs. unmutated)
Biological background Key roles in CLL development • B-cell receptor (BCR) activation and signaling cascade • Microenvironment – interaction of leukemic cells with T lymphocytes , stromal cells • B- cell leukemia/lymphoma 2( BCL-2) protein overexpression → resistance to apoptosis
B-cell receptor signaling
Biological background Key roles in CLL development • B-cell receptor (BCR) activation and signaling cascade • Microenvironment – interaction of leukemic cells with T lymphocytes , stromal cells • B- cell leukemia/lymphoma 2( BCL-2) protein overexpression → resistance to apoptosis
Novel targeted therapies in CLL § B-cell receptor signal transduction inhibitors § BCL 2 antagonists
BCL-2 over-expression and its role in CLL
Management of CLL patients main issues Ø WHEN? (Timing ) Ø HOW ? ( The choice of treatment)
CLL - active disease • Progressive bone marrow failure • Bulky disease • Uncontrolled autoimmune cytopenias • Rapid LDT (Lymphocyte Doubling Time) • Presence of B symptoms
General considerations for the choice of therapy § Fitness status based on geriatric assessment (comorbidity burden and performance status, functional and mental status , need for caregiver) § Disease status ( first-line treatment vs. ≥ 2 line) § Genetic profile
Novel targeted therapies in CLL § B-cell receptor signal transduction inhibitors § BCL 2 antagonists
IBRUTINIB § First-in-class irreversibly inhibitor of BTK (Bruton tyrosine kinase) , small molecule , binds to cysteine • BTK activity is critical for B-cell survival and function
Second generation BTK inhibitors § ACALABRUTINIB – selective BTK inhibitor designed to improve safety and efficacy § targets BTK but not other kinases (EGFR, TEC. . ) § 95% ORR in phase I - II relapse CLL, all 17 p del pts. responded § no major hemorrhage or AF
IDELALISIB § Phosphoinositide - 3 kinase delta (PI 3 K�) inhibitor § PI 3 K signaling in CLL ( through delta isoform) -important role in BCR signaling
BCL-2 inhibitors § VENETOCLAX § After two decades of drug discovery efforts directed toward finding potent and selective BCL-2 inhibitors § FDA approval – 4/2016 – second line for CLL pts. del 17 p
- Cml stages
- Lymphocytic pleocytosis
- Mark juckett md
- Chronic myeloid leukemia
- Chronic myeloid leukemia
- Database backup and recovery techniques
- Cirs score cll
- Binary tree to cdll
- Cll unspecified icd 10
- Clarity cll trial
- Cll clinical presentation
- Br cll
- Community language learning cll
- Cll
- Differentiation syndrome
- Leukemia vs lymphoma
- Leukémia wikipédia
- Heinz bodies
- Leukemia statics
- Zhang wang leukemia
- Pas stain procedure slideshare
- Conclusion of leukemia
- Pas staining principle
- Lymphoproliferative disease
- Leukemia death rate
- Leukemia
- Hairy cell leukemia
- Nk leukemia
- Acute mylogenous leukemia
- Trombopoetik adalah
- Leukemia statics
- Lll leukemia
- Tom root word
- Clast medical terminology
- Chronic insomnia
- Chronic rejection
- Chronic blood loss
- Chronic dacryocystitis stages
- Cholecystitis pathophysiology
- Copd disease
- Chronic ulcerative pulpitis
- Classification of antianginal drugs
- Chronic disease
- Flinders model of chronic health disorders
- Common chronic and acute conditions chapter 18
- Chronic inducible urticaria
- Hobnail fibrotic liver
- Wagner chronic care model 1998
- Peripheral stigmata of cld
- The chronic complainer customer
- Ersd
- Refifs
- Grades of anemia
- Multiple chronic conditions chartbook
- Causes of chronic hepatitis
- Chronic unease in the workplace
- Chronic hepatitis
- Chronic rejection
- Chronic rejection
- Chronic pain comorbidities
- Chronic dacryocystitis
- Chronic care model definition
- Chronic respiratory alkalosis
- Chronic medication service
- Chronic gastritis
- Chronic meningitis
- Icd 10 code for allergic reaction to peanuts
- Morphological patterns of chronic inflammation
- Chronic pain management irwin
- Acute cholecystitis vs chronic cholecystitis
- Fibromyalgia vs chronic fatigue
- Chronic care
- 5 signs of inflammation
- Kate lorig stanford
- Factors delaying wound healing
- Wagner model of chronic disease management
- Morphologic patterns of acute and chronic inflammation
- Meningoceal
- Chronic unease shell
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- Pancreatitis nursing assessment
- Acute cholecystitis causes
- Chronic rejection
- Features of cld
- Chronic misbehavior
- Chronic pancreatitis nursing care plan
- Chronic calculous cholecystitis
- Respiratory acinus
- Pathology
- Chronic rejection
- Chronic diarrhea
- Chronic amebiasis