SRF Operation Status of SSRF Jianfei LIU RF

SRF Operation Status of SSRF Jianfei LIU RF Group Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Email: LIUJF@SINAP. AC. CN

Contents FOverview of Shanghai Light Source (SSRF) FBooster’s RF System FStorage Ring’s SRF System FCryogenic System FOperation Status of SRF System J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

SSRF J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 20093

The Location of SSRF Site in Shanghai SINAP Shanghai Light Source J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Bird-view Trumpet shell J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

SSRF J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Layout of the SSRF complex J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

SSRF Booster Layout q Full energy booster , optimized for topup injection; q Two super-fold and 28 cells FODO with 8 missing dipole magnets; q Beam emittance about 100 nm-rad @3. 5 Ge. V for clean top-up operation; q A circumference of 180 m and a injection energy of 150 Me. V; q Repeat rates up to 2 Hz; J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Storage Ring q. Main paramaters: q. Energy： 3. 5 Ge. V； q. Circumference： 432 m； q. Current： 5/300 m. A (S/M bunch)； qemittance： 3. 9 mm-mrad； q. Strait section： 4*12 m，16*6. 5 m； q. RF voltage： 4 -6 MV q. Max Power：~600 k. W q. Orbit Stability：<10% beam size J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Contents FOverview of Shanghai Light Source (SSRF) FBooster’s RF System FStorage Ring’s SRF System FCryogenic System FOperation Status of SRF System J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

The layout of the booster RF system 1. One 180 KW transmitter feeds power to two normal conducting 5 cell cavities, ramping energy from 150 Me. V to 3. 5 Ge. V, and its LLRF is analog I/Q from ACCEL company. 2. It has been commissioned successfully in June of 2007 J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Measured parameters of booster cavities Parameter Specified Value Measured cavity 1/cavity 2 Unit 499. 654(30°C) 499. 747(19°C)/499. 749(18. 7°C) MHz 1~1. 2 1. 092/1. 068 Unload quality factor >29000 29618/29386 Tuning-range >+/-0. 2 +0. 9325/-0. 2537, +0. 9337/-0. 2450 MHz <100 2. 08 Hz/2. 13 Hz >1 2. 773/2. 80 k. Hz/s <+/-5 <+/-1 % Resonant frequency Coupling factor Tuning-precision Tuning-speed Field flatness at 499. 654 MHz J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Main Designed and Measured Parameters of Booster RF System Parameter Value Unit RF frequency 499. 654 MHz Beam energy 3. 5 Ge. V Energy loss per turn 0. 915 Me. V Single/Multi-bunch mode beam current 2/10 m. A Beam power (Multi-bunch) 9. 15 k. W RF voltage 1. 80 MV RF Phase Stability <± 1 o RF Amplitude Stability*(*Ramping) <± 1 % J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Contents FOverview of Shanghai Light Source (SSRF) FBooster’s RF System FStorage Ring’s SRF System FCryogenic System FOperation Status of SRF System J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Main requirements of SRF for SSRF storage ring RF frequency 499. 654 MHz RF voltage 4. 0 MV (5. 0 MV*) RF phase stability 1 RF amplitude stability 1% Beam power 491 (625*) k. W J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

The layout of the storage ring SRF system 1 2 3 TESTING CAVE J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Main parameters of Klystrons : RF output power: > 300 k. W CW RF drive power: < 31 W Instantaneous bandwidth (-1 d. B): > 2 MHz Gain: > 40 d. B Efficiency: > 63 % Main parameters of the circulators: Main parameters of the 350 k. W loads: Average power 350 k. W CW Return loss > 30 d. B Forward power 350 k. W CW Reflected power at any phase 350 k. W CW Insertion loss at center frequency > 26 d. B Insertion loss in bandwidth > 20 d. B Isolation at center frequency > 26 d. B Isolation in bandwidth > 20 d. B Return loss at center frequency > 26 d. B Return loss in bandwidth > 20 d. B J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009 Bandwidth +/- 2 MHz

FAT of Klystrons J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Milestone of RF Transmitters F F F F F June-July 2005 Call for tender Sept. 2005 Contract for RF power system Feb. 2006 Final design review of amplifiers Oct. 2006 FAT of 1 st klystron Feb. - March 2007 SICAT of 1 st amplifier March 2007 Test of 1 st circulator April 2007 FAT of 2 nd & 3 rd klystron July-Oct. 2007 SICAT of 2 nd & 3 rd amplifiers Oct. 2007 Test of 2 nd & 3 rd circulators KSU installation and commissioning J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Results of SAT of 3 sets of 300 k. W RF Amplifiers 50 hrs run test of 300 k. W CW RF amplifier J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Superconducting RF Cavities Vertical Tests in Cornell University Main Spec. • Q 0>1 E 9 @ Vacc 2 MV • Q 0>0. 5 E 9 @ Vacc>2. 8 MV. • Qext = 1. 7 E 5+/- 0. 3 E 5 Window: • 250 k. W in traveling wave cw. • 120 k. W standing wave cw at full reflection, • 400 k. W in traveling wave at >20% duty cycle. Prf @ 2 MV < 70 W Pstatic < 30 W Module NO. Q 0 @ Vacc =2 MV Q 0 @ Vacc >2. 8 MV #1 1. 45 E 9 @ Vacc =2. 13 MV 1. 07 E 9 @ Vacc =3. 05 MV #2 1. 07 E 9 @ Vacc =2. 0 MV 5. 88 E 8 @ Vacc =2. 86 MV #3 1. 52 E 9 @ Vacc =2. 04 MV 7. 88 E 8 @ Vacc =2. 84 MV J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Horizental Tests on SSRF Site Parameter Guarante Value Measured value M#1 M #2 M #3 Qexternal 1. 7 E 5 +/- 0. 3 E 5 1. 6 E 5 1. 78 E 5 1. 75 E 5 Vacc > 2. 0 MV 2. 1 MV 2. 03 MV 2. 02 MV Pdiss @ Vacc = 2 MV < 70 W 60 W 46 W < 55 W Static losses < 30 W Total losses @ Vacc = 2 MV < 100 W < 90 W < 80 W < 85 W RF in SW off resonance 120 k. W 110 J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009 k. W* 120 k. W 120 k. W

Leakage Happened During Shipping J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

June 6, 1 st Module SAT Aug. 3, 2 nd Module SAT Sept. 13, 3 rd Module SAT J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

At July 1 st, two sets super. cond. modules were installed to the final location in tunnel J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

From Sept. 17, 3 sets superconducting modules have been put into operation. J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Diagram of SSRF_SR_LLRF SINAP has successfully developed its own digitalized LLRF system. Its operation was stable and reliable both for backup system and superconducting modules. J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Stability of Amplitude and Phase with NC 100 m. A, 3 Ge. V J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Stability of Amplitude and Phase with SC 200 m. A, 3. 5 Ge. V RF frequency 499. 654 MHz RF phase stability 1 RF amplitude stability 1% J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Contents FOverview of Shanghai Light Source (SSRF) FBooster’s RF System FStorage Ring’s SRF System FCryogenic System FOperation Status of SRF System J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Cryogenic System Courtesy of Cryogenic Group

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Contents of Cryo-plant Ø Specifications of Cryogenic System Ø Flow Diagram of Cryogenic System Ø Layout of Maim Equipments Ø Commissioning and Test Results Ø Milestones of Cryo-plant J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Specifications of Cryogenic System 1. Capacity of cryogenic plant Refrigeration mode: ≥ 650 W/4. 5 K ≥ 600 W/4. 5 K ( In normal operation condition) 2. Pressure fluctuation in LHe dewar: ≤± 3. 0 mbar 3. Helium level fluctuation in the dewar: ≤ 1% 4. Continuous operation time: ＞ 8000 hours J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group 4 K Cooling Requirements from SRF Cavities Three Cavity Cryostats Static load 3× 30 W = 90 W Dynamic load 3× 70 W = 210 W Cooling coupler 3× 4 L/hr =12 L/hr MCTL 17. 5 W MCTL (Air Liquid supply) 5 W SCTL (Rigid section) 18 W SCTL (Flexible section) 6 W 2000 L dewar 20 W Valve Box 3× 10 W = 30 W Total 397 W + 12 L/hr ≈ 440 W Safety margin 650 W / 440 W ≈ 50% J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Flow Diagram of Cryogenic System Ø Ø Ø Refrigerator 650 W/4. 5 K LHe Dewar 2000 L Valve Boxes 4 Multi channel Transfer Line Single channel Transfer Line GHe Storage Tanks 4× 100 m 3 J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Layout of Main Equipments SRF cavities Compressor room Storage ring Cryogenic hall Gas yard area J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group The Cold Box of HELIAL 2000 and the 2000 L dewar HELIAL refrigeration system is based on a 2 -turbine-in-series Claude cycle which is a combination of a Brayton and Joule Thomson cooling cycle. HELIAL is a full automatic refrigerator. J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Main Parameters of HELIAL 2000 Cooling Capacity 650 W @4. 5 K HP 13. 43 bara LP 1. 2 bara He mass flow rate 100 g/s Main Parameters of 2000 L LHe Dewar Capacity 2000 L Boil off rate <1% Electrical heater power 700 W helium level fluctuation ± 3 mbar LN 2 consumption 5. 6 g/s Note: With LN 2 Precooling J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Compressors and Oil Removal System J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Main Parameters of Compressors Main Function Model Recovery ESD 441 CSD 122 ASD 57 80 21 9. 4 1. 05 Discharge pressure (bara) 15 15 15 Electrical motor rating (k. W) 265 75 30 Cooling water consumption (m 3/h) 25 4. 3 9500 m 3/h 1400 m 3/h Mass fow rate (g/s) Suction pressure (bara) Cooling air consumption (m 3/h) Other 5300 m 3/h VFD J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Gas Yard Area J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Parameters of GHe Storage Tanks Quantity 4 Capacity 100 m 3 Design pressure 1. 8 MPa gauge Working pressure 1. 35 Mpa gauge Working temperature -10～ 70（℃） Parameters of the LN 2 tank Capacity Design pressure Working temperature 40 m 3 0. 8 MPa gauge 0. 08~0. 4 MPa gauge 77～ 350 K Boil off rate < 0. 5 % J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Multi Channel Transfer Line J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Bird view of Multi Channel Transfer Line 3 Valve Boxes for online Cavity End Box Connect with 2000 L dewar Valve Box for test cave Cavity J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group Commissioning and Test Results Capacity measured at the main dewar Operation condition Heat Power In the dewar Operation time Equivalency Capacity* Design Capacity Maximum 635 W 8 hours 657 W 650 W Normal 603 W 72 hours 625 W 600 W *Equivalency capacity = Heat power + Heat leak of the dewar and transfer line. Stability measurement Design value Test result Suction line pressure fluctuation ± 3 mbar ± 0. 3 mbar Main dewar pressure fluctuation ± 3 mbar ± 0. 2 mbar ± 1 % ± 0. 3 % He Level fluctuation J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group 603 W 1. 3 bar Capacity test result 71％ J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Courtesy of Cryogenic Group 603 W 71％ Capacity test result J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Operation with three cavities (Aug. 1, 2008 ) 1. 3 bar Courtesy of Cryogenic Group 31％ J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Rated level Operation pressure Heat power SRF cavity status (Aug. 1, 2008 ) J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Milestones of Cryogenic System A emergency backup rf system was launched up in the middle of October 2007 by RF Group • Nov. • Feb. • Nov. • Apr. • Jun. • Aug. • Sep. 2005 2007 2008 Contract the refrigerator to Air Liquide Installation of the refrigerator Installation of the MCTL Acceptance of the refrigerator Cooling down the first SRF cavity Operation with two cavities Operation with three cavities Cold box Apr. 2007 Compressors Storage ring GHe Transfer Line (Installed in the No 2. Underpass) J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

NC backup A Backup RF When a Delay of Cryo happened 4 cavities Rent from PF of KEK At Dec. 12, 2007, were installed A installed Supercon. Cavity Was Removed from the Tunnel in Nov. 2007 3 sets normal cavaties J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

June 20, 2008, NC cavities operated for 6 months was removed and replaced with two SC modules With 3 sets Normal Cavities, we successfully got： ü 3. 0 Ge. V Commissioning， ü 100 m. A@3. 0 Ge. V、 ü 200 m. A@2. 0 Ge. V、 ü 300 m. A@1. 5 Ge. V J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Contents FOverview of Shanghai Light Source (SSRF) FBooster’s RF System FStorage Ring’s SRF System FCryogenic System FOperation Status of SRF System in SSRF J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

27/12/2008 Beam Current 224 m. A J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

5/7/2009 Beam Current 252 m. A J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

18/7/2009 Beam Current 300 m. A --the Maximum Designed Beam Current-- J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

28/9/2009, 24 hours beam conditioning, and operated at beam current 300 m. A for 12 hours Trip during beam conditioning 300 m. A top-up • Vacuum interlock on beam tube • Quench caused by fluctuation of LLRF • Machine protection signal • Temperature interlock on beam tube FBT and RBT Operated for 12 hrs tripped by vacuum near RF window of module #1 J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

The ratio of break-down time 2008 Break-down Operation Faults Ø Scheduled Operation Time 5300 hours Ø Break-down: 　 437. 8 hours Ø Machine shutdown : 3050. 5 hours Ø For Beamlins commissioning : 1152 hours J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

The ratio of break-down time during the beamlines commissioning 2008 FMay 7~Beamlines commissioning @3. 0 Ge. V， 340. 7 hours FAugust 19~ 7~Beamlines commissioning @3. 5 Ge. V, 811. 3 hours Hardware Faults Human Error For Beamlines J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

The Ratio of Break-down Time January ~ April 2009 Ø Ø Ø For Beamines Commissioning: 1263 hours Machine Study: 948. 6 hours, Faults: 5. 5% Hardware Faults: 121. 75 hours Machine Shutdown: 546. 7 hours Availabilty 96% Shutdown Hardware Faults Beamlines Machine Study J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

PB#1: Trips by Vacuum near by RF Window C#1 Date C#2 C#3 C#1 Total MS time SR time Vacuum 1 st week March 3 -14 8 4 4 0 0 2 nd week March 15 -21 3 2 1 0 0 3 rd week March 22 -28 2 1 1 0 0 4 th week March 29 -April 4 7 6 1 0 0 5 th week April 5 -11 4 3 1 0 0 6 th week April 12 -18 2 1 1 0 0 ? 1, Cavity #2 & #3 from July, C#1 from Sept. 20 2, Once standby at 4. 5 K because of its tuner 3, Parameters not optimized 4, Aging not enough (Window) 5, Bad lucky of its location just after the bending magnet beam J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

May—July 20, 2009, Ratio & Lists of RF Faults SRF Injector From May 6 th, 2009 Open to USERS Magnet PS Utilities LINAC F F F F Other groups Vacuum of RF window nearby of cavity #1 Controller of insulation vacuum 8 times over 11 weeks Water flowmeter of RF window SRF due to SRF except for RF Water flowing switch of #1 transmitter Air-filter of #2 transmitter conditioning Cooling water cond. of circulator Fluctuation of cavity voltage when heavy beam loading Hardware of LLRF controller J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

May ~July 2009, SRF Conditioning hours May June July 235 29 hours 80 hours 126 hours J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Trip diagnostic system J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

2009 -06 -19 -16 pm: Cavity #1 quench first PB#2: J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Further SRF system commissioning PB#3: J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

PB#4: Power of HOM and absorber J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

PB#5: IF Cryo-plnat is shutoff by Elec or others, what can we do? Just watching? Twice happened since Jan. 2008 Electricity was off, cryoplant was down suddenly, return lines of helium vessel were closed. IS THERE OTHER BETTER SOLUTION except watching? J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

NEXT STEPS Shanghai Key Lab for Cryogenics & SRF Technology 114厅场地 720 m^2 宽 15米 长 48米 J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

NEXT STEPS Shanghai Key Lab for Cryogenics & SRF Technology J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

NEXT STEPS Shanghai Key Lab for Cryogenics & SRF Technology 1. Mg. B 2 cavity to be studied 2. Single Cell 500 MHz Cryo-Module as a spare one (Budget is READY) 3. Multi Cell 500 MHz Cryo-Module for Prototype of ERL (Building is under construction) J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

SUMMARY Key Dates of the SSRF Commissioning 6 -months Operation with NC Total Integrated Current 200 Ah Commissioning SSRF. Cleaning the vacuum chamber. Stabling software & hardware. Speeding up SRF commissioning. Three Modules Operated 17/9/08 Backup NC RF SYSTEM Launched 24/12/07 300 m. A@3. 5 Ge. V 18/7/2009 Ground Breaking 25/12/04 300 m. A@3. 5 Ge. V 12 hours 30/9/07 21/12/07 24/12/07 27/9/2009 3 years Further studies HAVE TO be done to operate stably J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009

Thanks J. -F. Liu ESLS RF 2009