The Skeleton 12162021 1 12162021 2 The main

The main functions of the skeleton are: Movement n Protection n Support n 12/16/2021

Protection The skull protects the brain. n The rib-cage protects the heart and lungs.

Support n 12/16/2021 The bones in the human skeleton give our bodies a human

Joints The places where bones MEET together are called joints. The function of joints

Types of joints: 1. Fused joints • In fused joints there is no movement

2. Hinge joints can only move in one direction Example: the elbow

Ball and Socket joints Ball and socket joints can move in all directions Examples:

What type of joints are found in the leg?

Inside moving joints The ends of the bones are covered with cartilage and there

Ligaments are elastic fibres That connect bone to bone Tendons are non elastic fibres

Muscles and joints • When a muscle contracts it gets shorter • It pulls

Bones and muscles of the arm humerus biceps ulna radius

How would YOU raise the arm? humerus biceps ulna radius

Were you right? triceps relaxes bone pulled upward

How would you lower the arm? biceps humerus radius ulna triceps

Were you right? biceps relaxes bone pulled downward

You are correct if you located it here the hinge is where the bones

Muscles and joints Antagonistic pairs are pairs of muscles that work together to move

Slides: 35

Download presentation

The Skeleton 12/16/2021 1

12/16/2021 2

The main functions of the skeleton are: Movement n Protection n Support n 12/16/2021 3

Movement 12/16/2021 4

Protection The skull protects the brain. n The rib-cage protects the heart and lungs. n 12/16/2021 5

Support n 12/16/2021 The bones in the human skeleton give our bodies a human form. 6

12/16/2021 7

12/16/2021 8

12/16/2021 9

Joints The places where bones MEET together are called joints. The function of joints is to allow movement

Types of joints: 1. Fused joints • In fused joints there is no movement between the bones that meet • Example: The adult skull

2. Hinge joints can only move in one direction Example: the elbow

Ball and Socket joints Ball and socket joints can move in all directions Examples: The shoulders

What type of joints are found in the leg?

Inside moving joints The ends of the bones are covered with cartilage and there is a liquid called synovial fluid. • BOTH of these things protect the bones against damage caused by friction (rubbing against each other) synovial fluid cartilage

Ligaments are elastic fibres That connect bone to bone Tendons are non elastic fibres that connect muscle to bone

Muscles and joints • When a muscle contracts it gets shorter • It pulls the bone by the tendon and the bone will move. Muscle Tendon

Bones and muscles of the arm humerus biceps ulna radius

How would YOU raise the arm? humerus biceps ulna radius

Were you right? triceps relaxes bone pulled upward

How would you lower the arm? biceps humerus radius ulna triceps

Were you right? biceps relaxes bone pulled downward

Watch the muscles….

Can you locate the HINGE? ?

You are correct if you located it here

You are correct if you located it here the hinge is where the bones are allowed to move about each other, raising and lowering the arm

Muscles and joints Antagonistic pairs are pairs of muscles that work together to move bones– when one muscle contracts the other relaxes Do you know an example?