Grammar THE FUTURE Expressing future time Be going

Grammar: THE FUTURE

Expressing future time Be going to The cinema’s going to be full… Will People will travel to space as tourists. Present continuous Professor Collins is speaking again at the space conference tomorrow. Simple Present The train leaves at 9: 00 am.

Grammar Note Now Cancun I’m going to Cancun next week. I think I’ll have fun. I’m catching a 5: 00 flight. I come back at 8: 00 on Sunday.

Grammar Note Now Madonna/give/concert Maybe/I/go It/take place/Saturday It/start/7: 00 pm

WILL/GOING TO We can express future time with several structures in English. “Will + Infinitive” and “Be (am/is/are) + going + to-infinitive“ are the most common ones. Although these two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. I will probably go to Italy next Summer I am going to fly to Italy next Saturday

FUTURE TENSES: WILL / GOING TO I will travel to Japan next year → prediction (not near future) I am going to study German at school intention (near future)

Future Tense: Will Form Affirmative: I will (I’ll) travel to Madrid in October Interrogative : Negative : Will you travel by bus? I will not travel - won’t Will you travel by train or by bus? I won’t travel by bus I will probably travel by train

Future Tense: Uses of Will 1 - Instant/spontaneous decisions: decisions Ok, I’ll see you on Friday. 2 - Personal opinions : (I think, I suppose, I guess, I hope) I think I’ll stay in this evening. 3 - Promises, offers, requests: requests Don’t worry, I’ll go and buy some food for you. 4 -Predictions based on what we think: think We’ll never understand the future in English.

WILL ØI left the door open. I’ll close it right now. (In the restaurant) W : What would you like to drink? ØI’ll have a cup of coffee, please. Did you call Sue? No, I forgot it. I’ll call her tonight Instant decisions Decisions at the time of speaking

I am little hungry. I think I’ll have a sandwich. I don’t think I’ll go out tonight. I am too tired. Personal opinions

Don’t worry. I will help you with your homework. I will love you forever. Will you marry me? Offers Promises Requests

You will be rich one day. Predictions based on what we think)

Future Tense: Going to Form Affirmative: I am going to travel by plane Interrogative : Are you going to travel by plane? Negative : I am not going to travel by plane because I am going to fly in a hot air balloon.

Future Tense: Uses of Going to 1 - Future plans, intentions: I’m going to study a lot this year. 2 - Decisions before the moment of speaking: I’m going to have party next weekend. 3 - Predictions based on what we can see at the moment (present evidence): I feel terrible. I’m going to be sick.

• I'm going to buy a new laptop computer next week. Plans, Offers Intentions Promises

John has decided to Have a party. He’s going to invite lots of people. Decisions before the moment Offers of speaking Promises

I AM GOING TO : I HAVE DECIDED TO DO STH. Today, I am going to read my favourite novel, then I am going to phone my best friend and finally I am going to drive my new motorcycle.

• Look at that car! It is going to crash into that tree. Predictions on Offers present evidence Promises

PREDICTIONS WITH PRESENT EVIDENCE Look at those black clouds! It’s going to rain. She is pregnant. She’s going to have a baby.

1) Why are you working so hard these days? - Because I’m going to buy (buy) a car, so I’m saving. 2) What (you)are you going to buy Jill for her birthday? (buy) - A CD. -mmm But She hasn’t got a CD player. - In that case, I will (buy )her a book. 3) Dad, can you mend this for me? - I’m sorry. Ask Mum. She will do it for you. 4) Why have you got so many eggs? -Because I am going to (make) an omelette. 5) I haven’t got enough money to get home. will lend (lend) you some. How much do you need? -I

6) A: Why are you holding a piece of paper? am going to B: I …………. . (write) a letter to my friends back home in Texas 7) A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up! will B: I …………………(get) you a cup of coffee. 8) We are so excited about our trip next month to France. to We are going …………. (visit) Paris, Nice and Grenoble. will 9) I think he …………………. (be) the next British Prime Minister.

OTHER WAYS OF EXPRESSING THE FUTURE The simple present and present continuous are also used to express future time. These are often used in connection with schedules. The train leaves at 6: 00 a. m. tomorrow. She is meeting a new client at six o’clock in the evening and she is travelling by bike through the forest.

Future with Present Simple and Present Continuous

We use Present Simple for Future when actions are planned according to a schedule The game starts at 11 a. m. The bus leaves at 10 a. m.

We use Present Continuous for Future when actions are appointed in advance for a certain period (day, week, month)

I am meeting the manager at two o’clock. She is leaving for England on 28 th.

GOING TO /PRESENT CONTINUOUS Even though going to and present continuous can be used interchangeably sometimes, there is a difference in meaning between them. I’m going to visit my mum tomorrow. (She may know it or she may not) I’m visiting my mum tomorrow. (She knows about my visit)

EXERCISES ON GOING TO /PRESENT CONTINUOUS am going to 1. I …………………. . (play) bridge tonight with Tom. is having 2. He……………. . (have) an operation next week. am going to 3. It's very cold. I. . . ……………. (light) a fire. are having 4. We ………… (have) some friends to lunch tomorrow. is coming 5. My nephew …. . . ……………. . (come) to stay with me next week. am going to 6. I. . . (read) you some of my own poems. 7. Have you got a ticket for the big match on Saturday? . is playing No, I don't even know who …………. (play).

WHAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN? WHAT DO YOU THINK WILL HAPPEN NEXT?

Dianarella’s Future

Dianarella is a princess. She wants to know what will happen to her in the future, so she goes to visit a fortune teller. D: Can you see my future? FT: I certainly can. D: Tell me about it! FT: You ______ marry a rich prince. D: Auch! Can you see him? Is he handsome? FT: Well … Not when you first meet him…He looks like a frog!

P: A frog? F: Yes…Some day you _______ meet a frog! And you ______ kiss it. P: I ______(not)! F: Yes, you ______and it _____ turn into a handsome prince! FT: What are you doing? P: I______ (not) listen any more! I ______ (go) back to my palace! FT: You can’t change the future my dear…

(When Dianarella returns to her palace…) FT: Oh!! My dear, you _____ have to kiss a lot of frogs before finding the right one.

Dianarella’s Future

Dianarella is a princess. She wants to know what will happen to her in the future, so she goes to visit a fortune teller. D: Can you see my future? FT: I certainly can. D: Tell me about it! FT: You will marry a rich prince. D: Auch! Can you see him? Is he handsome? FT: Well … Not when you first meet him…He looks like a frog!

P: A frog? F: Yes…Some day you will meet a frog! And you will kiss it. P: I will not! F: Yes, you will and it will turn into a handsome prince! FT: What are you doing? P: I’m not going to listen any more! I’m going back to my palace! FT: You can’t change the future my dear…

(When Dianarella returns to her palace…) FT: Oh!! My dear, you will have to kiss a lot of frogs before finding the right one.

D: Poor me!!!