The Progressive Movement What was the name of

The Progressive Movement

What was the name of the 20 th century social and political reform movement, which occurred on every level of government in the United States? n. The Progressive Movement

What were three causes of the Progressive Movement?

n 1) Excesses of Gilded Age n 2) Poor working conditions of American labor (workers) n 3) Low standard of living of American labor

What did the Progressives believe should solve the problems created by industrialization? n. The Government

What were three main goals of the Progressives?

n. Government controlled by the people instead of big business and special interests n. Economic opportunity for all Americans n. Eliminate social injustices

How did the Progressives hope to guarantee all Americans economic opportunity?

n. Through government regulation of business

What was the Gilded Age? n. A period in the late 1800 s characterized by great wealth, corruption, and inequality

Who held almost all the great wealth created in America during the Gilded Age? n. A small upper class of businessmen and industrialists

Define the term industrialists. n. Factory owners

What is another name of the Gilded Age? n. The Age of the Robber Barons

Who were the robber barons? n. Members of the newly rich upper class who had extravagant lifestyles

What did the extravagant lifestyle of the robber barons point out? n. The severe difference in income between the small, super rich upper class and the average American family

Who were the Muckrakers? n. Progressive writers who wrote about social and th political evils in late 19 and early 20 th century America.

Who were the two most famous Progressive presidents? n. Theodore Roosevelt n. Woodrow Wilson

Which Progressive president was known for offering the American people a “Square Deal”? n. Theodore Roosevelt

What Progressive president was known for the New Freedom? n. Woodrow Wilson

Did both Republicans and Democrats participate in the Progressive Movement? n. Yes

On what levels of government were there Progressive reforms? n. Federal n. Local n. State

What was one Progressive accomplishment on the state level? n. Passed child labor laws

Name 5 ways the Progressives tried to make government more democratic at the state level?

n. Referendum n. Initiative n. Recall n. Secret ballot n. Primary elections

By what process may citizens vote to approve or reject a measure passed by a legislative body? n. Referendum

What process permits citizens to propose laws to their state or local governments? n. Initiative

By what process may citizens vote to remove government officials from office before they have finished their terms? n. Recall election

What reform did Progressives use to protect voters’ privacy? n. The secret ballot

What does one call an election in which voters nominate a political party’s candidates for office? n. Primary election

At what level of government were child labor laws an example of a Progressive reform? n. State government

What type of reforms were the 17 th and 19 th Amendment and the Clayton Anti-Trust Act? n. Progressive reforms on the federal or national level.

What was the 17 th Amendment? n. Direct election of United States senators

Who elected U. S. senators before ratification of the 17 th Amendment? n. The State Legislatures

What did the term “trust” mean during the late 19 th th and early 20 centuries? n. A business monopoly

What does the term monopoly mean? n. Absence of competition

What does anti-trust mean? n. Anti-monopoly

What did anti-trust laws try to do? n. Restore free competition to the American economy

What was the major weakness in the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? n. The wording was too vague.

What did the Clayton Anti -Trust Act do? n 1) Outlawed price fixing n 2) Exempted unions from the Sherman Anti-Trust Act

In what two ways did Progressives try to make local governments less corrupt, more efficient, and more responsive to the people?

n. Commission form of city government n. Council/manager form of city government

How does the council/manager form of city government work?

n. Voters elect a city council n. City council hires a professional manager to serve as the city’s administrator

What did Progressives want city government to be? n. Efficient n. Businesslike

What is another word for the right to vote? n. Suffrage

During what war did the women’s suffrage movement first encourage American women to enter the labor force? n. World War I

Name a leader of the Women’s Suffrage Movement. n. Susan B. Anthony

Which constitutional amendment gave women the right to vote? n 19 th Amendment

What were three Progressive reforms on the federal or national level of government? n 17 th Amendment n 19 th Amendment n. Clayton Anti-Trust Act