THE THERAPEUTICS OF FEVERS DR CHANDRA HASAN C

THE THERAPEUTICS OF FEVERS DR. CHANDRA HASAN. C. M, MD(Hom), ASSOCIATED PROFESSOR, DEPT OF REPERTORY, SARADA KRISHNA HOMOEPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE, KULASEKHARAM

The therapeutics of fever is otherwise known as “Allen’s fever”. Author : Dr. H. C. Allen. Introduction : The first edition of the book was published in 1879, where as the second edition was published in 1884. This book contain vast knowledge and prolonged experience of the author and his colleagues in the treatment of fevers, according to Dr. Hahnemann’s teaching (i. e. ) according to natures law of cure. This book deals with all type of fevers (i. e. ) typhoid, typhus, acute, sporadic, epidemic, intermittent, and, malignant type of malarial fevers, etc.

The philosophical concept: Based on Dr. Hahnemann’s principle natures law of cure. Even though this repertory is deals with all type of fevers, the name of the fevers are considered as pathologically diagnostic terms. For the repertorization using this repertory and Homoeopathic prescription, every individual is considered as unique one, and the prescription is considered according to the individual characteristic features and miasmatic nature, especially psora, because of that family history has given more importance. The remedy selection is according to the subjective and objective symptoms and miasmatic symptoms obtained from the sick individual.

Plan and construction : At the beginning preface is mentioned, in the preface author is mentioning about the introduction of this book. The book is divided in to three sections, the first part deals with principles, under this 19 principles are mentioned and explained. The second part is therapeutic part, it deals with indications of remedies, there are 147 medicines are mentioned. Under each medicines the indications are mentioned in the following sub headings. 1, Characteristics. 2, Aggravation. 3, Amelioration.

4, Relation. 5, Type. 6, Time. 7, Cause. 8, Chill. 9, Heat. 10, Sweat. 11, Concomittants 12, A pyrexia. 13, Analysis. 14, Prodrome, 15, tongue. 16, pulse.

There is no uniformity in the order of sub headings and these sub headings are not strictly followed in all medicines. Under some medicines comparative study of some medicines are mentioned (P. 161, 276, 292 ), under some medicines example cases are mentioned (P. 336). Third part is the repertory part, their main rubrics are mentioned as headings, and are arranged as type, time, cause, prodrome, stages of fevers, modalities and concomittants. Totally 47 headings (main rubrics) are mentioned. Under every heading (main rubric) sub rubrics are arranged alphabetically. Grades : There are three grades are mentioned. Bold letters- 3 marks, Italics – 2 marks, Roman – one mark.

Preface : The author says the first edition of this book was published in 1879. After an extended experience in the treatment of intermittent has conclusively verified the teachings of Hahnemann (i. e. ) the treatment of intermittent according to the principles mentioned in homoeopathy. According to Hahnemann’s teaching the most obstinate and intractable (un manageable) cases occur chiefly in psoric or tubercular patients, and the more deep the discrasia the more protracted the fever. Another clinical fact which has been verified by observations of Homoeopathic physicians, that the use of massive dose of quinine and Peruvian bark suppress the symptoms, it is injurious and increasing the suffering.

Hahnemann’s lesion in the chronic diseases on the treatment of acute syphilis must applied to fevers. As per organon of medicine acute diseases are generally only a transitory (lasting few days) out break, an explosion of latent (hidden or inactive) psoric affection. This volume includes therapeutics of typhoid, typhus and fevers of every grade and name, from acute sporadic and epidemic intermittent to the malignant type of malarial fevers of the tropics. For the use of this book individual characteristic features are considered not the fevers (i. e. ) the diagnostic names of the fevers. The individual with

his or her peculiar idiosyncrasies (abnormal susceptibility to an agent) and constitutional inheritance (hereditary) with which we have to deal. The symptoms of the latent psoric affection must be analyzed fully and completely as the symptom of the “Transitory out bust” (lasting few days) the fever paroxysm. As a rule family history is much more suggestive of the curative remedy (miasmatic nature) in fevers, than the rapid pulse, high temperature, so family history should be care fully studied. The miasmatic approach is the key to unlock the secret of the severity of the attack or the relapsing tendency of the fevers. It is the experience of the author that, if the

remedy be selected from the totality of the objective and subjective symptoms and miasmatic nature, the patient may be cured in any stage of fever. After the preface the author explained detaildly about cause, varieties of fevers, case taking, treatment, sanitation and diet for fevers, under the following headings (principles). The principles are the following : 1, The cause. 2, Malarial theory (marsh miasm). 3, The psoric diathesis. 4, Similia is the never failing guide. 5, Examination of the patient. 6, The genus epidemicus.

7, When to administer the remedy. 8, The similimum. 9, Analysis of a case. 10, The potency. 11, Characteristics. 12, The clinical case. 13, Typhoid, typhus, continued fever. 14, The anamnesis. 15, The name : Its use and abuse. 16, The true case of typhoid. 17, The tendency relapse. 18, Sanitation the sick room. 19, The diet of the typhoid.

1, The cause : Physicians rarely, doubtlessly formulate a theory for the cause of intermittent or other fevers (identified causes through investigations). If the treatment adapted according to theory of cause and name of the disease, instead of totality of symptoms – subjectives and objectives presented by the patient, the result will be failure. Homoeopathically we are not able to offer an intelligent explanation of the cause of sporadic, epidemic, intermittent fevers. The causes for the fevers are also according to Hahnemannian principle, exciting and fundamental causes. So phenomina of the individuals are considered.

2, The malarial theory (marsh miasm –a tract of wet land polusion) : The malarial theory says the prevailing occurrence of epidemics due to the poison truly exists. Epidemic attack is due to the result of decaying vegetables and other organic matter and is found along rivers, with low, swampy (wet), alluvial (wasted up) shores, subject to over flow, near-bodies of stagnant water, cellers (under ground – which is covered) or freshly plowed vergin soil near marshes, particularly or leeward side of prevailing winds (protecting screen against weather). It is confined (limited boundary) near the earth seems to spread in a horizontal direction, and its progress may be cut off by walls, hedges (small trees serving as a fence) high banks, and dense forests.

Fever may be exist on the dry or even on a sandy soil, and in rocky mountainous regions, where it is more extensive and severe. Fever may be present at high ranged plases also, some plains (areas) are entirely free from or visited a very mild form. The fevers occur in a sporadic form where miasma (pollution) never prevails, and patients had never been in a malarial region. The investigations (pathological) never detect miasm, the internal cause of all fevers in an individual and is un known, because of that we cannot identify a antidote for the poison which creates fever.

If we doubt the existence of such agent (poison) in the production of the intermittent fever. If the Homoeopath implemented the "law of cure” in order to antidote the poison, the Homoeopath will resects fully decline. But the success in the treatment of intermittent or other fevers, if the treatment is based on objective and subjective phenomina and under lying miasmatic basis. 3, Psoric diathesis : Another cause for intermittent and especially for the most obstinate (not easily remedied) type – a cause almost universally neglected or over looked by majority of the Homoeopathic physician is found in inherited discrasia (hereditary disorder) of the patient,

the psoric or tubercular diathesis. Hahnemann says (in his book chronic diseases – page – 75. Intermittent fevers even when there are no causes about, either sporadic, epidemic or endemic, the form, duration and type of fever are vary, quotidian (every day), tertian (third day), quartan (every third day including fourth) or seven days, every evening chill with blue nails, every evening chills, every evening heat with a rush of blood to the head, with red cheeks, also at time an intervening (intermittent) chill. Intermittent fevers of several week duration

followed by a moist eruption lasting several weeks, but which is healed again during a like period of intermittent fever, and alternating thus for several years. Epidemic intermittent fevers probably never seize (affect forcibily) an individual who is free from psora, so that when ever there is susceptibility to them, it is to be accounted a symptom. This is true not only intermittent but of typhoid, typhus and all types of continuous fevers. All fevers that tend to protracted, low malignant type, occurs in the psoric or tubercular patient, and the more deeply the psoric, the more malignant the attack.

4, Similia is the never failing guide : There is great satisfaction to be able to explain the cause of intermittent fever (modern way), another question is why all persons subjected to the same exposure are not attacked. The latest investigations are only useful to aid us in a sanitary way in preventing the disease or modify its severity. But it could never be of the slightest benefit in its Homoeopathic treatment. When once we departs from Hahnemann’s method of individualization each case we will be at doubt. The successful treatment of intermittent fever requires that the physician should, “not only be certain but sure about individualization”.

So for Homoeopathic prescription in fevers the objective and subjective symptoms of the individual, and the signs and symptoms produced by the medicines during drug proving must have similarity, then only we can select a remedy. 5, Examination of the patient : The first step for individualization is successful and perfect case taking. For which the signs and symptoms are collected from all plains and dimensions of the sick individual. In fevers case taking following are to be considered: a, The symptoms occurring before and during the chill. b, Heat sweat and pyrexia.

c, The time of occurrence of paroxysm. d, The parts of the body in which the chill first appeared. e, The regularities of its stages. f, The degree or absence of thirst. g, The time of its appearance. h, The constitutional ailment aroused by the fever. Besides the pathologically diagnostic terms. The totality of the phinomina is important. Because their attacks consist solely of heat, others are characterized by cold only, succeeded or not by perspiration, while yet others freeze the body of the patient, and inspire him not withstanding with a sensation of heat or even create him a feeling of cold

although he seems very worm to the touch, in many, one of the paroxysm is confined to shivering or cold, which is immediately succeeded by a comfortable sensation, and that which comes after it consist of heat followed by perspiration or not. In one case it is heat which manifest it self first and cold succeeds, in another be the cold and heat give place to apyrexia, while next paroxysm which some times which does no occur before an interval of several hours, consist merely of perspiration, in some cases no trace of perspiration is perceptible, while in others the attack is composed solely of perspiration, with out either heat or cold or of perspiration that follows during the heat alone.

Along with that innumerable differences relative to the accessory symptoms(i. e. , concomitant symptoms) the particular kind of head ache, the bad taste in mouth, the stomach sickness, the vomiting, the diarrhoea, the absence of degree of thirst, the kind of pain felt in, sleep, delirium, spasm, changes of temper, etc, which manifest them selves before, during or after the cold, hot or sweating stage, with out taking in to account a multitude of their deviation. These are usually intermittent fevers that are very different from one another, each of which demands naturally the mode of Homoeopathic treatment most appropriate to it’s individuality.

It is not treated individualizing way, the characteristic symptoms are destroyed and may converted incurable one. The types of fevers intermittent, remittent, bilious, malarial, typhoid, etc, is a single symptom, there is no value. We must collect all the evidences of disturbed health both local and general, i. e. , the subjective and objective characteristic symptoms, on which to make a remedy selection. 6, The genus epidemicus : Generally the epidemic diseases are treated using genus epidemicus, according to the common characteristic symptoms obtained from many individuals. Same as above the epidemic fevers and epidemic

intermittent fevers are treated according to the totality obtained from common characteristic symptoms obtained from many individuals. What Dr. Hahnemann pointed out is , epidemics of intermittent occurring in places where such fevers are not epidemic, partake (part) of the nature of chronic diseases and are composed of a series of acute attacks. Each epidemic posses a peculiar uniform characters common to all individuals attacked by the epidemic disease. By observing complex of symptoms peculiar to all patients, this common character will be found in point out the Homoeopathic remedy for all cases in general.

7, When to administer the remedy : The prevailing practice is administering the remedy during the paroxysm of fever, but it is wrong one , very rarely it will provide perceptible results, but usually it will obscure the disease. If we want to do any thing during paroxysm just prescribe sac lac. The safest, scientific, most satisfactory method of administration of medicine in fevers are mentioned in Aph : 236, 237, 238 and 245. In Aph 236, it is mentioned, the medicine is most epicacious when it is administered a short time after the termination of paroxysm, when the patient is partially recovered from it. During the intermission the medicine will have

to develop the curative effect in the organism with out violent action or disturbances. While the effect of medicine though specifically adapted to the case given before the next paroxysm, would coincide with the renewal of the disease, there but creating such counteraction (opposite) and distress in the organism as to deprive (degrade) patient of much strength, and even danger to life. But the medicine is given just after termination of the attack, when the fever has entirely subsided before the premonitory symptoms of the next paroxysm have to appear, the vital force of the organism is in the most favorable condition to be gently modified by the medicine, and restore the healthy action. Aph : 237: If the feverless interval is very brief

(short) as in some severe fevers or if it is disturbed by the after effect of the preceding paroxysm, the dose of the Homoeopathic medicine should be administered when the perspiration diminishes or when the subsequent stages of the paroxysm declines. Aph : 238 : One dose of appropriate remedy may prevent several attacks, and may actually have restored health, nevertheless, we may perceive threatening indications of a new attack, and in this case only the same medicine should be repeated, provided the complex of the symptoms continue to be same. After exhibition of proper remedy, the next paroxysm be earlier and more severe or later or milder than preceding one, the action of the remedy

should not be interfered with, wait for the succeeding paroxysm, which may be lighter still or not returned at all. Aph : 245 : Perceptible and continued progress of improvement in acute or chronic disease is a condition in which as long as it lasts, invariably counter indicates the repetition of any medicine, whenever, because the beneficial effects, which the medicine continues to exert is rapidly approaching it’s perfection. Under these circumstances every new dose of any medicine even of the last one that provided beneficial, would disturb the process of recovery. 8, The similimum : “The more perfect the similimum the quicker and surer the cure”. If the similmum is selected properly only we will get good

results otherwise get failure, i. e. , the quality not the quantity that cures. In order to get exact similimum, the phenomena should be obtained during apyrexia, in it’s stages of cold, heat and sweat, note if any stage is absent, which stage is most marked, obtain bizarre, singular, exceptional phenomena, because they are the characteristics and rank high. 9, Analysis of a case : a, Time of paroxysm is identified (i. e. ) every other day, in the afternoon, etc. b, Prodrome (premonitory symptoms). c, Chill details are obtained – when, which part, or as a whole, weather thirst present during chill must be identified.

d, Heat – Partially, as a whole, thirst during heat, coldness during heat, details should be obtained. e, Sweat – Break out of sweat, how long persist, partially or as a whole, thirst details during sweat should be obtained. f, Other accompanying symptoms during fever, pains, stomach disorder, sleep details, coating of tongue, ect, should be analyzed, mentals during all stages. ( in this analysis author mentioned some symptoms and corresponding medicines to analyze). 10, The potency : Potency is to be selected according to Dr. Hahnemann’s principles, i. e. , according to the susceptibility of the patient (age, duration of illness, physical and mental health

severity of illness). 11, Characteristics : Usually in the fevers and many other affections we pay too much attention to the local manifestations of disease and to local symptoms of the drug and too little to general symptoms of the patient and constitutional action of the remedy. Because of that we fail to get a true picture of the disease, i. e. , the totality of symptoms, subjective and objective and fall in to the routine practice of treating the disease instead of patient. In the ‘masked intermittent’ (un developed or hidden) also where the character of the disease is

not marked by the usual chill, heat and sweat, our only guide is the constitutional symptoms of the patient. In this way we may relive a multitude of ailments, as well as intermittent. 12, The clinical case : Most of us thinking in fever cases we will not wait for the Homoeopathic remedy to act, hence must resort (revert) to ‘Quinine’ but in fevers also if the remedy is not fault, i. e. , similimum one it act promptly. 13, Typhoid, typhus, continued fever : The Homoeopaths will not phase the disease but the sick individual. The investigations for the disease and the history, etiology, symptomatology, diagnosis and

and prognosis by the investigations are only useful for the pathological diagnosis of the disease. The treatment performed accordingly only releave the patient. The medicines selected according to the law of similars, i. e. , the Homoeopathic medicines only capable of cure the malady. The Homoeopathic medicine is applied accordingly to the pathological diagnosis will leads to disaster. The highest success and lowest mortality only to attain by the accurate selection of similar remedy on strict Homoeopathic principles. 14, The anamnesis : In fevers also case taking and case recording is to be done according to the

principles of case taking mentioned in aph – 83 to 104 of Organon of medicine. Because the first prescription in fevers are very important, if it is similar one it will travel in curative way, if not the disease will be crushed by first blow. So the first step in treating fevers is through case taking and recording. The strict individualization is the key stone of Homoeopathic prescription in fevers. It is axiomatic (universally received principle), that the similar remedy will cure or cut short a typhoid or other fever in any stage. If the first remedy be the similimum and it only palliates, relieve for a time but does not cure, the

constitutional has been over looked or neglected, and must be included in the totality of symptoms, to identify the miasm study the family history is very important. The exactly similar remedy once found should not be changed until the change of symptoms forms a new picture of disease, to be again met by it’s similimum. Allow the first selected remedy, selected according to symptom totality to act, if we interrupt it may leads to serious disaster. If the first one is not acted study carefully the case again and select another remedy. 15, The name, it’s uses and abuse : Typhoid

fever is designated by group of symptoms which appear sporadically, epidemically, some times annually, because of that the name is given as typhoid, typhus, a more severe form, ship fever, camp fever, war – typhus, etc, more contagious and malignant due to bad sanitation, where persons exhausted by exposure, ill treatment etc, crowded together in ill – ventilated rooms or prison, treatment houses, holders of vessels or when some organic disease assumes a febrile type. The group of symptoms by which we name the fever are termed diagnostic. These symptoms are not useful for Homoeopathic purpose. But therapeutics are based on the individualizing characteristic symptoms. We have no specific remedy for typhoid , so any medicine can called according to the individuality. If the disease is epidemic one called for specific genus epidemicus.

16, True cause of typhoid : According to Hahnemanian teaching the author says psoric miasm is the cause for acute and chronic diseases and all type of fevers. Because an individual with psoric back ground mostly prone to derangement of vital force. So severe mental shock, anger, fear, mortification (destroyed vital function), grief, financial reverses, all dynamic in character may convert a mild to severe or even fatal form of typhoid. 17, Tendency to relapse : The tendency to relapse is found in all acute diseases and in most fevers, ‘out bust of latent psora’, assumes a periodicity occurring every 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 28 days and pertain to the patient not the fever, in typhoid,

typhus and some malarial fevers the relapse assumes a weakly or monthly aggravations. If the original cause(psora) is not considered during treatment it will produce relapse. After the first relapse, when the symptoms are taken for the second prescription, along with the symptoms miasm should be considered, for that carefully examine the family history. If treatment is done on this way we can prevent future relapse. 18, Sanitation – the sick room : The temperature as for as possible should be adapted to the comfort of sick, the rooms freely ventilated in the day time, especially the sun shines and at the time obendence of fresh pure air maintained, a room with a southern exposure is preferable. If a cool or even cold room should be preferred by the patient, the attendants

and nurses should protect themselves with proper clothing. To disinfect the room flood it with fresh air, protect the patient from drafts and undue exposure. Bathing is essential in every stage of typhoid especially during the fever exacerbation, the worm or tepid (leuke worm) bath is most beneficial and generally most grateful. The bath cloth or wet towel, not a sponge should be used, and if very sensitive or perspiring under the clothes. Never use cold or ice bath to reduce the temperature, it is always harmful often fatal. The bedding should be well aired and frequently changed as quietly and gently as possible.

Never waken a sleeping patient , but never forget that the stupor or delirium is not sleep. 19, Diet of the typhoid : Absolute rest of the digestive organs is just as necessary for safe and speedy recovery in continued fevers, enforce feed is un wise. Pure water, ad libitum is the best and safest diet for the fever patient, until the tongue is clean – the appetite natures call for food – returns. Best results are generally obtained by intake of hot water. Never use cold or ice water internally to the patient. Food may be varied to suit the taste of the patient , by adding the juice of orange, grape,

raspberry, strawberry, water melon, currant (seedless dried grapes), etc, but not lemon or vinegar. As the tongue cleans appetite returns, rice water, dried apple water or toast water may be allowed, stale (old) bread well toasted should be put in to boiling water and allowed to cool in an earthen vessel, barley, cracked wheat or oat meal gruel well cooked may be allowed later.

Repertory part 1, Type : Mostly the rubrics are mentioned in pathologically diagnostic terms, along with that few general rubrics are mentioned. (ex) autumnal, bilious, epidemic, intermittent, malarial, menses after the, monthly, periodicity marked, quartan, typhoid, typhus, etc. 2, Time : Seasons, Fraction of a day related rubrics, particular time related to each paroxysms, and stages of fever are mentioned. (ex) autumn. Day, evening, fore noon, mid night, morning, night, paroxysm returning at : 1 am, 1 to 2 am, etc. Fever with out chill returning at: midnight, 12 to 3 am, 2 p. m, 2 to 3 p. m, etc.

3, Cause : Attack brought on by : Exciting factors are mentioned. (ex) air in open, anger, anthrax, fright, gonorrhea, weather cold, damp rainy, etc. 4, Prodrome : conditions occurring during : Mental and physical changes (symptoms) occurring, and changes (symptoms) occurring on anatomical parts and other clinical symptoms occurring during fever conditions are mentioned. (ex) anguish, anxiety, appetite loss of, bones pain in, cough, diarrhoea, face heat of, head ache, irritable, neck pain in, weakness, etc. 5, Commencement of chill : chill begins in : The anatomical parts where chill begins are mentioned. (ex) arms, back, hand, vertex, etc.

6, Chill location of : chill parts affected location of : The anatomical parts where chill located are mentioned, along with that extensions of chill are mentioned. (Ex) abdomen, arms, ascends, back, hands, etc. 7, Chill aggravated : Factors which aggravate chill are mentioned. Arms motion of, eating after, rest during, warmth in, etc. 8, Chill ameliorated : Ameliorating factors of chill are mentioned. (ex) air in open, covering by, motion on, sleep after, etc. 9, Symptoms during the chill : Only three rubrics are mentioned. Chill absent, chill predominates, chill in general.

10, Chill character of : Few characters of chill are mentioned. (ex) alternating with heat or sudden cold sweat, coldness icy, shaking, etc. 11, Chill symptoms during : Other symptoms occurring during chill are mentioned (concomitants), (ex) abdomen bloated, anxiety, bones pain in, cough, elbows pain in, hunger, hysteria, mouth dryness of, etc. 12, Chill followed by : The symptoms which follows chill are mentioned. (ex) anxiety internal with short breath, chest spasmodic pain, head ache frontal, sweat, taste bitter, etc. 13, Heat aggravated by : Factors and time factors aggravate the fevers are mentioned.

(ex) air in open, drinking by, evening towards, mid night after, smoking by, stooping when, etc. 14, Heat ameliorated by : Factors and time ameliorates the fevers. (ex) air in open, eating after, sitting when, etc. 15. Heat absent : No sub rubrics are mentioned but medicines are mentioned for main rubric. 16, Heat in general : No sub rubrics are mentioned but medicines are mentioned for main rubric. 17, Heat symptoms during : Heat during other symptoms are mentioned. (ex) abdomen coldness in, air cold sensitiveness to, anxiety with, apple desire for, bones pain in, diarrhoea, ears cold of, face redness of, food aversion to, hands cold, etc.

18, Heat followed by : The symptoms which follows heat are mentioned. (ex) chill, colic, debility, headache, etc. 19, Heat characteristic of : Characters of heat and few locations are mentioned. (ex) abdomen of, anxious of whole body, bed in, burning, dry, etc. 20, Sweat aggravated : Factors aggravating sweat are mentioned. (ex) air exercise in the, bed getting out of, room in, sleep during, etc. 21, Sweat ameliorated : Factors ameliorating sweat are mentioned, (ex) air in open, drinking after, morning in the, sleep in, etc. 22, Sweat followed by : Symptoms following sweat are mentioned, (ex) chill, cough, hunger, etc.

23, Aggravation while sweating : Directly medicines are mentioned. 24, Amelioration while sweating : Medicines are mentioned under main rubric, with one sub rubric. 25, Sweat absent : Medicines are mentioned under main rubric. 26, Sweat in general : Medicines are mentioned under main rubric. 27, Sweat predominate : Medicines are mentioned under main rubric and fraction of the day as sub rubrics, (ex) day during the, evening, morning, night. 28, Sweat produced by : Factors produce sweat are mentioned, (ex) awakening on, eating, etc.

29, Sweat character of : Characters of sweat are mentioned, (ex) acrid, bed in, bloody, debilitating from least movement, profuse, ect. 30, Sweat time of : Fraction of the day and few other factors are mentioned, (ex) afternoon, day during the, evening during the, noon, sleep during, etc. 31, Sweat location of : Anatomical parts are mentioned, (ex) abdomen, axilla, body all over the, face, hands, etc. 32, Sweat symptoms during : Symptoms during sweat are mentioned, (ex) abdomen distention of, anxiety, bones pain in, etc.

33, Sweat suppressed : Medicines are mentioned under main rubric. 34, Aggravation after sweat : Medicines are mentioned under main rubric. 35, Amelioration after sweat : Main rubric contain medicines with one sub rubric, limbs pain in. 36, Appetite, taste, tongue, etc. Symptoms of : Appetite details, few rubrics of digestive system, then taste related rubrics, tongue related rubrics are mentioned, (ex) appetite good, appetite voracious, breath putrid, desire for apple, eructation's sour, gums loose and spongy, hungry but cannot eat, etc. 37, A pyrexia symptoms during : Symptoms occurring during a pyrexia are mentioned.

(ex) abdomen bloated, acid longing for, back ache, bread aversion to, cough, diarrhoea, etc. 38, Typhoid, typhus, prodromic stage : Only one rubric with sub rubrics are mentioned. 39, Symptoms of the mind: The mental symptoms related to fevers are mentioned. (ex) anxiety, apathy, picking the bed cloths, irritable, etc. 40, Sensorium : General senses and vertigo related symptoms are mentioned. (ex) acute increased of all the senses, dullness of all the senses, vertigo, etc. 41, Head internal : Rubrics related to internal head are mentioned. (ex) congestion to the head, bruise pain, heaviness with intolerance of light, ect.

42, Head external : External head related rubrics are mentioned. (ex) Throbbing of arteries, scalp very sensitive to touch, etc. 43, Eyes and sight : Eyes and vision related rubrics are mentioned. (ex) vision intolerance of light, pupils much dilated, eye lids trembling and jerking, etc. 44, Hearing and ears : Few ear and hearing related rubrics are mentioned. (ex) hearing over sensitive, deafness, etc. 45, Smell and nose : Few nose and smell related rubrics are mentioned. (ex) bleeding, dryness in the nose, nose pointed, ect.

46, Face : Face related rubrics are mentioned elaborately, under this, lips, commissars, mouth, teeth, speech, tongue, throat, appetite, thirst, desire, eating, drinking, are mentioned. 47, Gastric : Here digestive system and few anatomical parts, few disease condition, constitutional and generals related rubrics are mentioned. (ex) belching, vomiting and retching, stomach discomfort and sickness, spleen enlarged, flatulence, tympanitis, eruptions rosella spots on abdomen, diarrhoea, constipation, urine involuntary, cough dry, heart action grows weaker, pulse intermitting, hands trembling automatic motion, lower limbs weak weary heavy, sleepy drowsy, sleep during talking incoherently, convulsive motion, weakness muscular, skin dry and hot, etc.

COMPARITIVE STUDY OF THERAPEUTICS OF FEVER By Dr. H. C. ALLEN AND FEVER CHAPTER IN BOENNING HAUSEN’S THERAPEUTIC POCKET BOOK. 1, In Allen’s fever The whole book(repertory) deals with fever. In BTPB circulation and fever chapter deals with fever (fifth chapter). 2, In Allen’s fever main rubrics are arranged as headings, totally 47 headings (main rubrics) are mentioned. In BTPB under fever chapter rubrics related

all stages of fever are mentioned. 3, In Allen’s fever Circulation related rubrics are mentioned under most of the main rubrics as sub rubrics. In BTPB circulation related rubrics are mentioned at the beginning of fever chapter i. e. , under circulation. 4, In Allen’s fever sub rubrics are arranged alphabetically. In BTPB rubrics are arranged alphabetically.

5, In Allen’s fever under main rubric –TYPE – types of fevers are mentioned in pathological terms (intermittent, remittent, bilious, etc). In BTPB pathological types of fevers are not mentioned. 6, In Allen’s fever under the time rubrics, fever during fraction of a day related rubrics, and particular time related paroxysms are mentioned as rubrics. In BTPB particular time related and fraction of a day related rubrics are not mentioned.

7, In Allen’s fever under cause rubric exciting factors of fever are mentioned. In BTPB exciting factors related rubrics are not mentioned. 8, In Allen’s fever under prodrome – conditions occurring during –rubric, mental and physical general symptoms, and symptoms related to anatomical parts during fever related rubrics are mentioned. In BTPB under the stages of fever, generally parts of the body related symptoms are mentioned, rubrics chilliness in certain parts, heat in special parts, sweat special parts are mentioned. 9, In Allen’s fever chill stage related rubrics mentioned are, commencement of chill, chill

location, chill begins, chill location of, chill aggravated, chill ameliorated, symptoms during chill, chill character of, chill symptoms during, chill followed by are mentioned. Under each main rubric related sub rubrics are mentioned. In BTPB chill stage related rubrics are mentioned. The rubrics are , chill in general, chill in cretin parts, chill internally, chilliness one sided, chilliness become chilled easily, chilliness with goose flesh, chilliness with shivering, chilliness with thirst, chilliness with out thirst, chilliness with trembling, chilliness symptoms during chill. 10, In Allen’s fever heat stage symptoms related rubrics are mentioned as main rubrics which

follows sub rubrics. The main rubrics mentioned are , heat aggravated by, heat ameliorated by, heat absent, heat in general, heat symptoms during, heat followed by, heat characteristics of. In BTPB heat stage related rubrics are mentioned. The rubrics are, heat externally, heat in special parts, heat in externally, heat special internally, heat in one sided, heat anxious, heat dry, heat in flushes, heat with thirst, heat with out thirst, heat with inclination to cover, heat with dread of un covering, heat associated symptoms. 11, In Allen's fever cold stage related main rubrics are not mentioned separately but cold stage related

related sub rubrics are mentioned under other main rubrics. In BTPB cold stage related rubrics are mentioned. The rubrics are, cold in general, cold of special parts, cold externally, coldness internally, coldness one sided, coldness shivering in general, coldness of special parts, coldness of one side. 12, In Allen’s fever Sweat stage related main rubrics are mentioned with related sub rubrics. The main rubrics mentioned are, sweat aggravated, sweat ameliorated, sweat followed by, aggravation while sweating, sweat absent, sweat in general, sweat predominates, sweat produced by,

sweat character of, sweat time of, sweat location of, sweat symptoms during, sweat suppressed, aggravation after sweat, amelioration after sweat. In BTPB sweat stage related rubrics are mentioned. The rubrics are, sweat in general, sweat special parts, sweat on one side, sweat anterior parts, sweat on posterior parts, sweat on upper parts, sweat on lower parts, sweat with thirst, sweat with out thirst, sweat with inclination to cover, sweat with inclination to uncover, sweat with dread of covering, sweat anxious, sweat blood, sweat cold, sweat easy, sweat exhausting, sweat hot, sweat odorous – acrid, bitter, bloody, burnt, of camphor, of cheese, elder berries, of honey, of mush, musty, offensive, of onions, of rhubarb, sour, sulphurous, suppurated

hydrogen, sweetish sour, urinous, sweat staining in parts, sweat staining red, sweat staining yellow, sweat lack of, sweat with associated symptoms. 13, In Allen’s fever main rubrics, appetite, taste, tongue, etc, symptoms of are mentioned, and related sub rubrics also mentioned. In BTPB, appetite, taste, tongue related symptoms during fever related rubrics are not mentioned separately. 14, In Allen’s fever a pyrexia symptoms during rubric is mentioned. In BTPB a pyrexia symptoms during related rubrics are not mentioned.

15, In Allen’s fever Typhoid, typhus, prodromic stage related rubrics are mentioned. In BTPB, typhoid, typhus, prodromic stage related rubrics are not mentioned. 16, In Allen’s fever, symptoms related to mind during fever rubrics are mentioned. In BTPB, symptoms related to mind during fever rubrics are not mentioned. 17, In Allen’s fever, sensorium related main rubric and sub rubrics are mentioned. In BTPB sensorium related rubrics are not mentioned separately.

18, Symptoms related to anatomical parts and related sensations (functions) during fever condition related rubrics are mentioned. The rubrics are, head internal, head external, eyes and sight, hearing and ears, smell and nose, face, gastric. In BTPB anatomical parts and parts related sensations are not mentioned separately, but in chill, heat, cold sweat stages it is generally mentioned as, special parts, internal, external, sides, etc, and associated symptoms related rubrics are mentioned. 19, In. Allen’s fever, compound fever in general rubric is not mentioned. In BTPB compound fever in general rubric is mentioned.

20, In Allen’s fever Chill, heat, sweat, stages related rubrics are mentioned separately. Alternations in, chill, heat, sweat, cold, rigor, stages related rubrics are not mentioned separately. But alternations in stages of fever related rubrics are mentioned as sub rubrics under main rubrics. In BTPB alternations in, chill, heat, sweat, shivering, stages related rubrics are mentioned. The rubrics are, chill then heat, chill then sweat, chill then heat – then chill, chill then heat – then sweat, chill then heat with sweat, chill and heat at same time, chill with sweat, chill with heat and sweat, chill externally with heat internally, chill internally with heat externally, chill alternating with heat, chill alternating with sweat.

Heat then chill, heat then chill – then heat – then sweat, heat then shivering, heat then sweat – then chill, heat with shivering, heat with sweat – then chilliness, heat alternating with shivering, heat alternating with sweat. Shivering then heat, shivering then chill, shivering then sweat, shivering with sweat, shivering then chill – then sweat, shivering then heat. 21, In Allen’s fever, Before fever, during fever, after fever, febrile symptoms right side, febrile symptoms left side like rubrics are mentioned. But symptoms , before, during and after fever paroxysms are mentioned as sub rubrics under main rubrics.

In BTPB, before fever, during fever, after fever, febrile symptoms right side, febrile symptoms left side, rubrics are mentioned as main rubrics.

COMPARITIVE STUDY OF THERAPEUTICS OF FEVER BY Dr. ALLEN AND FEVER CHAPTER OF KENT’S REPERTORY. 1, In Allen’s fever, the whole repertory deals with fever. In Kent’s repertory, chill, fever, perspiration, chapters are deals with fever and related paroxisms, few other chapters also having few fever related rubrics, mainly of mind and generalities. 2, In Allen’s fever under main rubric TYPE, various types of fevers are mentioned as sub rubrics. (ex) bilious, autumnal, cerebrospinal, malarial, malignant, pernicious, quartan, quotidian, relapsing,

remittent, septic, typhoid, typhus, yellow fever, etc. In Kent’s repertory, types of fevers related rubrics are mentioned. (ex) catarrhal fever, cerebrospinal, gastric, inflammatory, intermittent, puerperal, remittent, septic, yellow fever, etc. 3, In Allen’s fever, Under the main rubric TIME, fraction of a day related rubrics, particular time related to each paroxisms and stages of fevers are mentioned as sub rubrics. In Kent’s repertory, under chill, fever, and perspiration chapters after the general rubrics, fraction of a day related rubrics are mentioned, and particular time related rubrics are mentioned as sub rubrics.

4, In Allen’s fever, under the main rubric CAUSE, exciting factors for fevers are mentioned (ex) mind related factors, diet related, exposure, infection, mechanical injury, weather, etc, are mentioned. In Kent’s repertory, cause related rubrics are not mentioned. 5, In Allen’s fever, under main rubric PRODROME – conditions occurring during – here other symptoms appearing during fever are mentioned. (ex) abdomen distension, appetite loss, cough, eruptions, head ache, thirst, sweating, etc. In Kent’s repertory, other symptoms appearing during fever related few rubrics are mentioned in other chapters.

6, In Allen’s fever Chill stage related main and sub rubrics are mentioned. In Kent’s repertory, chill stage related rubrics are mentioned in chapters, chill, fever and few rubrics are mentioned in other chapters. 7, In Allen’s fever, heat stage related main and sub rubrics are mentioned. In Kent’s repertory, heat stage related rubrics are mentioned in fever chapter and also few rubrics in other chapters. 8. In Allen’s fever, cold stage related main rubrics are not mentioned, but cold stage related sub rubrics are mentioned under other main rubrics.

In Kent’s repertory, cold stage related rubrics are mentioned in chill, fever, sweat and generalities chapters, few rubrics in other chapters also. 9, In Allen’s fever Sweat stage related main and sub rubrics are mentioned. In Kent’s repertory, mostly the sweat stage related rubrics are mentioned under perspiration chapter, chill, fever, and some other chapters also. 10, In Allen’s fever, under main rubric, appetite, taste, tongue, etc, symptoms is mentioned, under this sub rubrics are mentioned. In Kent’s repertory, appetite, tongue, taste, relater rubrics mentioned under related chapters, stomach , mouth, etc.

11, In Allen’s fever A pyrexia symptoms during rubric is mentioned. In Kent’s repertory, a pyrexia related rubrics are not mentioned frequently, but in few other chapters rubrics are mentioned such as “with out fever” (skin heat with out fever). 12, In Allen’s fever, typhoid, typhus, prodromic stage related rubrics are mentioned. In Kent’s repertory such type of rubrics are not mentioned. 13, In Allen’s fever, symptoms related to mind during fever condition are mentioned. In Kent’s repertory, under mind chapter few fever related rubrics are mentioned.

14, In Allen’s fever, sensorium related main rubric is mentioned with related sub rubrics. In Kent’s repertory, few sensorium related rubrics during fever are mentioned under vertigo chapter. 15, In Allen’s fever Symptoms related to anatomical parts and related sensations during fever related rubrics are mentioned. In Kent’s repertory, few fever related rubrics and sub rubrics related to anatomical parts and sensations are mentioned under related chapters. 16, In Allen’s fever, alternations in fever stages paroxysms related rubrics are mentioned as sub rubrics under main rubrics.

In Kent’s repertory, alternations of symptoms related, fever, chill, cold, sweat, rigor, stages are mostly mentioned in chapters chill, fever, perspiration and generalities, few in other chapters. 17, In Allen’s fever Symptoms, before, during, and after fevers are mentioned as sub rubrics under main rubrics. In Kent’s repertory, under time related rubrics fraction of a day related and during, after, before fever related rubrics are mentioned. 18, In Allen’s fever Pulse related sub rubrics are mentioned under main rubrics. In Kent’s repertory, pulse and circulation related rubrics are mentioned under, fever, chest, generalities chapters (under pulse).

COMPARITIVE STUDY OF THERAPEUTICS OF FEVER BY DR. H. C. ALLEN AND FEVER CHAPTER DR. C. M. BOGER’S – BBCR. 1, In Allen’s fever, the whole book, i. e. , the principles, therapeutic part, repertory part, all deals with fever and related symptoms. In BBCR, the 49 th chapter , i. e. , fever chapter deals with, fever, circulation, chill, shivering, heat, fever in general and sweat related rubrics. 2, In Allen’s fever, under main rubric TYPE, the sub rubrics are mentioned in pathologically diagnostic terms, sub rubrics related to different type of fevers are mentioned. (ex) autumnal, cerebrospinal, epidemic, endemic, epileptic, intermittent, malarial, malignant, septic,

pernicious, quartan, quotidian, relapsing, remittent, typhoid, typhus, yellow fever, etc. In BBCR, in the fever chapter, under the heading, pathological type, few types of fevers are mentioned as main rubrics. (ex) adynamic, bilious, catarrhal, gastric, hectic, inflammatory, intermittent, yearly, quotidian, measles, milk (lactic), puerperal, putrid, typhoid, typhus, worm, yellow fever, etc. 3, In Allen’s fever, under main rubric TIME, fever related to fraction of a day related rubrics, and particular time related rubrics are mentioned, the time related to each paroxysms are mentioned.

In BBCR, time related rubrics are mentioned, here fraction of a day related rubrics and few particular time related rubrics are mentioned under, shivering, sweat, heat and fever in general headings, time related rubrics are mentioned under the heading time of above mentioned heading. 4, In Allen’s fever, under the main rubric CAUSE, attacks brought on by - exciting factors of fevers are mentioned. (ex) mental factors, diet related factors, exposure, infection, mechanical injury, weather, whooping cough during, etc. In BBCR cause or exciting factors of fevers are not mentioned separately.

5, In Allen’s fever, under the main rubric PRODROME – conditions occurring during – here the symptoms appearing in the anatomical parts, few physical general symptoms, mental general symptoms, few sensations related to fever are mentioned. (ex) abdomen distension of, appetite loss of, bone pain, colic, cough, eruptions, head ache, heart palpitation, hunger, irritable, malaise, liver constant pain, nausea, sleep restless, sweating, thirst, vomiting, vertigo, urine incontinence, act. In BBCR, mental general symptoms, physical general symptoms, and symptoms appearing in the anatomical parts, few sensations are mentioned

under concomitants, chill, heat and fever in general, and sweat headings. First general rubric is mentioned as concomitants in general (p 1063), then headings are mentioned as, mind, head, external head, eyes, like wise anatomical parts are mentioned, under which main and sub rubrics are mentioned 6, In Allen’s fever, under chill conditions various main rubrics are mentioned, followed by sub rubrics. The main rubrics are the following : Concomitants of chill, chill begins in, chill location of – chill parts affected location of, chill aggravated, chill ameliorated, symptoms during the chill, chill character of, chill symptoms during, chill followed by.

In BBCR, under the heading chill ( p 1020)related rubrics are mentioned, first the general rubric “chill predominate in general”, follows the sub rubrics related to chill. Next heading is partial chill (p 1022) , starts with general rubric, “partial chill in general”, follows sub rubrics related to partial chill. Chill time heading is given separately (1031), in this chill related to fraction of a day related rubrics are mentioned, under the rubric chill returning at (1032), particular time related rubrics are mentioned. Chill aggravation heading (1033), rubrics related to aggravation of chill are mentioned. Under chill amelioration heading (1036), rubrics

related to amelioration of chill are mentioned. Under concomitants heading (p 1036), the symptoms appearing along with chill are mentioned. First parts and sensations are mentioned as headings (ex) mind, head, eyes, vision, etc, and rubrics follows the headings. 7, In Allen’s fever, cold stage related rubrics are not mentioned as main rubrics, but under other main rubrics cold stage related sub rubrics are mentioned. In BBCR, cold stage related rubrics are mentioned under the heading coldness. “Cold in general” is a general rubric, under this few sub rubrics are mentioned. Next general rubric is “partial coldness” (1025) under this many sub rubrics are mentioned.

8, In Allen’s fever Shivering related main rubrics are not mentioned, but under other main rubrics shivering related sub rubrics are mentioned. In BBCR, shivering related rubrics are mentioned under the heading shivering (p 1030) “shivering in general and partial” are main rubrics follows sub rubrics. 9, In Allen’s fever, heat stage related main rubrics are mentioned, followed by sub rubrics. The man rubrics are the following : Heat aggravated by, heat ameliorated by, heat absent, heat in general, heat symptoms during, heat followed by, heat characteristic of.

In BBGR, Heat stage related rubrics are mentioned under the heading “heat and fever in general” (p 1047), under general rubric heat sub rubrics related heat are mentioned. Partial heat related rubrics are mentioned under heading partial heat, the general rubric mentioned is “partial heat” (p 1049), followed by many sub rubrics are mentioned. Under heat stage next heading is “time”, here the rubrics related to fraction of a day and few particular time related rubrics are mentioned. Heat aggravation related rubrics are mentioned under heading “aggravation” (p 10 60).

Heat amelioration related rubrics are mentioned under “amelioration heading” (p 1062). Heat concomitant related rubrics are mentioned under “concomitants” heading (p 1063), rubrics are mentioned under anatomical parts, sensations, etc. (mind, head, vision, etc). 10, In Allen’s fever, sweat stage related main rubrics are mentioned followed by sub rubrics. The main rubrics are the following : Sweat aggravated, sweat ameliorated, sweat followed by, aggravation while sweating, sweat absent, sweat in general, sweat predominates, sweat produced by, sweat character of, sweat time of, sweat location of, sweat symptoms during, sweat suppressed, aggravation after sweat, amelioration after sweat.

In BBCR, sweat stage is mentioned as separate heading “sweat” (p 1076), “sweatiness in general” is general rubric, followed by sub rubrics. Next general rubric is “partial sweat”, followed by sub rubrics. Next heading is “sweat time” (1083), fraction of a day related and few other rubrics are mentioned. Next heading is “sweat aggravation”, rubrics related to aggravating factors are mentioned. Next heading is “sweat amelioration”, rubrics related to ameliorating factors are mentioned. Next heading is “sweat concomitants”, the rubrics related to anatomical parts and few sensations are mentioned.

11, In Allen’s fever, Alternations in the stages of fever related rubrics are mentioned under other main rubrics as sub rubrics. In BBCR, under compound fever (1099) alternations in the stages of fever related rubrics are mentioned under few headings, “beginning with chill” (p 1099), “begging with shivering” (p 1101), “beginning with heat” (1101), “begging with sweat”. 12, In. Allen’s fever Appetite, taste, tongue, etc, symptoms of is mentioned as main rubric. In BBCR, appetite, taste tongue, related rubrics are mentioned under all the stages of fever. 14, In Allen’s fever, Typhoid, typhus, prodromic stage rubric is mentioned as main rubric.

In BBCR, such types of rubrics are not mentioned. 15, Symptoms of mind, sensorium, head internal, head external, eyes and sight, hearing and ears, smell and nose, face, gastric, are mentioned as main rubric separately. In BBCR, under concomitant headings mentioned under stages of fever, the anatomical parts, mind, sensations, related rubrics are mentioned. 16, In Allen’s fever, circulation and pulse related rubrics are mentioned under other main rubrics as sub rubrics. In BBCR, under heading, blood, circulation, palpitation, time, aggravation, circulation and pulse related rubrics during fever are mentioned.