Evaluate MOST POWERFUL 1 RANK the following characters

Evaluate MOST POWERFUL 1. RANK the following characters in relation to how powerful they are. 2. MACBETH KING DUNCAN BANQUO 4. THE WITCHES LADY MACBETH 3. PRINCE MALCOLM LEAST POWERFUL 5. 6.

Macbeth Year 11 LP 1/2 Lesson 1

English Literature GCSE This GCSE comprises two exam papers. Each bullet point is worth 20%. Paper 1 – Component 1 (2 hours) (40% of overall mark) • Macbeth – 2 questions - one extract question and one essay question (1 hour) • Anthology Poetry – 2 questions. Respond to printed poem. Compare to another poem from the anthology. (1 hour) Paper 2 – Component 2 (2 hours, 30 mins) (60% of overall mark) • An Inspector Calls – one source based question (45 mins) • A Christmas Carol – one source based question (45 mins) • Unseen poetry (1 hour)

Example Macbeth questions Answer both part (a) and part (b). You are advised to spend about 20 minutes on part (a), and about 40 minutes on part (b). (a) Read the extract on the opposite page. • What does this extract show an audience about Lady Macbeth’s state of mind at this point in the play? Refer closely to details from the extract to support your answer. [15] *(b) Write about Banquo and the way he is presented in Macbeth. [25] • *5 of this question’s marks are allocated for accuracy in spelling, punctuation and the use of vocabulary and sentence structures.

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This assessment will test, through one extract-based question and one essay question on the text as a whole, knowledge and understanding of a Shakespeare text. You will be expected to comment on Shakespeare’s use of language, structure and form and show an understanding of key themes, characters and ideas within the text. This section will also test your spelling, punctuation and grammar. AO 1 Read, understand respond to texts. Students should be able to: • maintain a critical style and develop an informed personal response • use textual references, including quotations, to support and illustrate interpretations. AO 2 Analyse the language, form and structure used by a writer to create meanings and effects, using relevant subject terminology where appropriate. AO 4 Use a range of vocabulary and sentence structures for clarity, purpose and effect, with accurate spelling and punctuation.

A Macbeth Exam Paper Answer both part (a) and part (b). You are advised to spend about 20 minutes on part (a), and about 40 minutes on part (b). (a) Read the extract on the opposite page. • What does this extract show an audience about Lady Macbeth’s state of mind at this point in the play? Refer closely to details from the extract to support your answer. [15] *(b) Write about Banquo and the way he is presented in Macbeth. [25] • *5 of this question’s marks are allocated for accuracy in spelling, punctuation and the use of vocabulary and sentence structures.

Extract Question Band 5 (13 -15 marks) AO 1 in FOCUS: You need to be able to: • sustain focus on the task, including overview, convey ideas with consistent coherence and use an appropriate register; • use a sensitive and evaluative approach to the task and analyse the text critically; • show a perceptive understanding of the text, engaging fully, perhaps with some originality in their personal response; • their responses include pertinent, direct references from across the text, including quotations.

Extract Question Band 5 (13 -15 marks) AO 2 in FOCUS: You need to be able to: • analyse and appreciate writers’ use of language, form and structure; • make assured reference to meanings and effects exploring and evaluating the way meaning and ideas are conveyed through language structure and form; • use precise subject terminology in an appropriate context

Learning Objective: • To FOCUS on the presentation of Duncan in Act 1, Scene 4. • To REVISE how to embed quotations in to my responses to show my understanding of Shakespeare's language. Learning Outcome: To RESPOND to Shakespeare’s language and show understanding of how theme of power is presented. Literacy Objective The pronoun “I” must always be a capital letter.

Summary of Act 1 Scene 4 • At the king’s palace, Duncan hears reports of Cawdor’s execution from his son Malcolm, who says that Cawdor died nobly, confessing freely and repenting of his crimes. • Macbeth and Banquo enter with Ross and Angus. Duncan thanks the two generals profusely for their heroism in the battle, and they profess their loyalty and gratitude toward Duncan. • Duncan announces his intention to name Malcolm the heir to his throne. Macbeth declares his joy but notes to himself that Malcolm now stands between him and the crown. • Plans are made for Duncan to dine at Macbeth’s castle that evening, and Macbeth goes on ahead of the royal party to inform his wife of the king’s impending arrival.

Duncan: Act 1, scene 4 Flourish. Enter DUNCAN, MALCOLM, DONALBAIN, LENNOX, and Attendants DUNCAN MALCOLM Respects his father as a king. DUNCAN Is execution done on Cawdor? Are not Those in commission yet return'd? My liege, They are not yet come back. But I have spoke With one that saw him die: who did report That very frankly he confess'd his treasons, Implored your highness' pardon and set forth A deep repentance: nothing in his life Became him like the leaving it; he died As one that had been studied in his death To throw away the dearest thing he owed, As 'twere a careless trifle. There's no art To find the mind's construction in the face: He was a gentleman on whom I built An absolute trust. Hasty/ dominant – two questions back to back. Context – Asking for the King’s pardon was a common plea for a traitor before they died. Humble – admits his faults and is self –aware. However, he will repeat the same mistake with Macbeth. Too trusting?

Exclamation mark showing cries of joy. Enter MACBETH, BANQUO, ROSS, and ANGUS Macbeth is patriotic – honoured to serve his King and country. O worthiest cousin! The sin of my ingratitude even now Was heavy on me: thou art so far before That swiftest wing of recompense is slow To overtake thee. Would thou hadst less deserved, That the proportion both of thanks and payment Might have been mine! only I have left to say, More is thy due than more than all can pay. MACBETH The service and the loyalty I owe, In doing it, pays itself. Your highness' part Is to receive our duties; and our duties Are to your throne and state children and servants, Which do but what they should, by doing every thing Safe toward your love and honour. DUNCAN Welcome hither: I have begun to plant thee, and will labour To make thee full of growing. Noble Banquo, That hast no less deserved, nor must be known No less to have done so, let me enfold thee And hold thee to my heart. BANQUO There if I grow, The harvest is your own. Close relationship – embraces Macbeth and Banquo. Grateful –shows love and thanks to Macbeth. Embraces Banquo inspiring his loyalty.

DUNCAN My plenteous joys, Wanton in fulness, seek to hide themselves In drops of sorrow. Sons, kinsmen, thanes, And you whose places are the nearest, know We will establish our estate upon Our eldest, Malcolm, whom we name hereafter The Prince of Cumberland; which honour must Not unaccompanied invest him only, But signs of nobleness, like stars, shall shine On all deservers. From hence to Inverness, And bind us further to you. MACBETH The rest is labour, which is not used for you: I'll be myself the harbinger and make joyful The hearing of my wife with your approach; So humbly take my leave. DUNCAN My worthy Cawdor! MACBETH [Aside] The Prince of Cumberland! that is a step On which I must fall down, or else o'erleap, For in my way it lies. Stars, hide your fires; Let not light see my black and deep desires: The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be, Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see. The pronoun ‘our’ to show possession and belonging. Exit DUNCAN True, worthy Banquo; he is full so valiant, And in his commendations I am fed; It is a banquet to me. Let's after him, Whose care is gone before to bid us welcome: It is a peerless kinsman. Careful – names Malcolm as heir to the throne to confirm succession and security. Naïve using the adjective ‘worthy’ as Macbeth is already thinking about murder.

Think, pair share three positive and negative qualities to describe Duncan in Act 1, scene 4. Positive Qualities Negative Qualities

• Hasty/Dominant (two questions back to back) • Humble (admits mistakes re. Thane of Cawdor – knows his weakness – self aware) • Grateful – shows love and thanks to Macbeth • Human/Close – embraces Banquo/cries with joy – in return, inspires Banquo’s loyalty • Careful – names heir to the throne for security • Doesn’t act on this self awareness – makes the same mistake again • Too trusting and naïve – Macbeth already thinking of murder and Duncan calling him ‘peerless kinsman’ • Vulnerable – not physically intimidating?

Act One, Scene Four AO 1 – Find quotes to support the following points: • The Thane of Cawdor deceived King Duncan in the past • The Thane of Cawdor is sorry for his crimes • You cannot read someone’s thoughts by looking at their face • Duncan trusted the Thane of Cawdor • Macbeth professes his loyalty to Duncan • Macbeth is unhappy about Malcolm’s promotion • Macbeth has dark and disturbing thoughts • Duncan believes Macbeth to be loyal

What kind of King is Duncan? How do the other characters view him? Comment on what you have learnt about him so far. • After the exams, a report is published which outlines how questions have been answered well and also how improvements could be made. Some advice from the examiner: • It is essential that you say what is happening (literally) before you move on to speak about language etc. • You MUST cover the whole extract given – choose quotes from beginning, middle and end. • You also need to make it clear that you are aware that this is a play and consider how an audience would react.

What kind of King is Duncan? How do the other characters view him? Comment on what you have learnt about him so far. Firstly, say where this scene is set in the play. What is the effect of this? Then say what is happening (literally) • This scene takes place …. Shakespeare might have placed the scene here to…. In this scene…. Now focus on key events and language. Pick out 6 short quotes and analyse. Look at example below: • • King Duncan hastily asks “Is the execution done on Cawdor? ” The use of the rhetorical question highlights the control that he has as monarch to enforce quick justice on those who attempt to betray him. This would remind and terrify an audience at the time, who would have been aware of divine rule, of the strict penalties served to anyone who attempted to commit regicide. Now choose more examples to answer this question (5 short quotes).

Independent 10 What kind of King is Duncan? How do the other characters view him? Comment on what you have learnt about him so far. Choose one positive point and write a paragraph. Repeat the same task for a negative point. Shakespeare Evidence Audience Language Evaluate Respond

We’re aiming for at least here to begin with.

And don’t forget…

Plenary: EVALUATE AO 1 AO 2 • Is your response focused on the • Have you been able to write about task? the form and structure of the language? • Have you organised your ideas? • Have you written a formal response using appropriate vocabulary and format? • Have you used quotations correctly? WWW: EBI: • Have you been able to identify any of Shakespeare’s techniques? • Have you been able to explain the effects of the language used?

ENGLISH LITERATURE REVISION – 5 A DAY STARTER TASK 1 2 3 4 5 Where does Eva Smith find a job after she is fired from Mr. Birling’s factory? Eva gets a job in a shop called Milwards. How long had Marley been dead? Marley had been dead for seven years. Complete this quote from the Witches: ‘When shall we three meet again? ’ ‘In thunder, lightning or in rain? ’ What type of play is ‘Macbeth’? It is a Tragedy. What are the titles of the stanzas in Thomas Hardy’s poem, ‘A Wife in London’? The titles are ‘The Tragedy’ and ‘The Irony’.

Engage Who do you think is the most powerful in these celebrity relationships? How does the most dominant partner exert their power?

Learning Objective: • To INVESTIGATE the character of Lady Macbeth. • To REVISE how to embed quotations in to my responses to show my understanding of Shakespeare's language. Learning Outcome: To RESPOND to Shakespeare’s language and show understanding of how the character of Lady Macbeth is presented. Literacy Objective The pronoun “I” must always be a capital letter.

Now read Act One Scene Five AO 1 What does Macbeth tell his wife in his letter? What does she think about the news? What does she think about her husband’s character? What does she plan to do?

SCENE V. Inverness. Macbeth's castle. AO 1 – Selects evidence to support interpretations. Enter LADY MACBETH, reading a letter LADY MACBETH 'They met me in the day of success: and I have learned by the perfectest report, they have more in them than mortal knowledge. When I burned in desire to question them further, they made themselves air, into which they vanished. Whiles I stood rapt in the wonder of it, came missives from the king, who all-hailed me 'Thane of Cawdor; ' by which title, before, these weird sisters saluted me, and referred me to the coming on of time, with 'Hail, king that shalt be!' This have I thought good to deliver thee, my dearest partner of greatness, that thou mightst not lose the dues of rejoicing, by being ignorant of what greatness is promised thee. Lay it to thy heart, and farewell. ' Glamis thou art, and Cawdor; and shalt be Can you highlight evidence which shows that she only focuses on her husband’s ambition rather than her own? Can you find a superlative in Macbeth’s letter? What does this tell us about how he regards her? AO 2

What thou art promised: yet do I fear thy nature; It is too full o' the milk of human kindness To catch the nearest way: thou wouldst be great; Art not without ambition, but without The illness should attend it: what thou wouldst highly, That wouldst thou holily; wouldst not play false, And yet wouldst wrongly win: thou'ldst have, great Glamis, That which cries 'Thus thou must do, if thou have it; And that which rather thou dost fear to do Than wishest should be undone. ' Hie thee hither, That I may pour my spirits in thine ear; And chastise with the valour of my tongue All that impedes thee from the golden round, Which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem To have thee crown'd withal. Enter a Messenger What is your tidings? Messenger The king comes here to-night. What dramatic technique is being used here to allow the audience to hear Lady Macbeth’s true thoughts and feelings? Can you find evidence to illustrate that she fears that her husband will be too scared to commit regicide? Are there any words which suggest that she is prepared to do wrong? What does the first person “I” and the verb “pour” tell us about her character and intentions? AO 2

LADY MACBETH Thou'rt mad to say it: Is not thy master with him? who, were't so, Would have inform'd for preparation. Messenger So please you, it is true: our thane is coming: One of my fellows had the speed of him, Who, almost dead for breath, had scarcely more Than would make up his message. LADY MACBETH Give him tending; He brings great news. Exit Messenger The raven himself is hoarse That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan Under my battlements. Come, you spirits That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the top-full Of direst cruelty! make thick my blood; Stop up the access and passage to remorse, That no compunctious visitings of nature Symbolism – What does a raven represent? Can you select any words which suggest death and destruction? Why does she asks the spirits to do this?

Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between The effect and it! Come to my woman's breasts, And take my milk for gall, you murdering ministers, Wherever in your sightless substances You wait on nature's mischief! Come, thick night, And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell, That my keen knife see not the wound it makes, Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark, To cry 'Hold, hold!' Enter MACBETH Great Glamis! worthy Cawdor! Greater than both, by the all-hail hereafter! Thy letters have transported me beyond This ignorant present, and I feel now The future in the instant. MACBETH My dearest love, Duncan comes here to-night. LADY MACBETH And when goes hence? Are there any images which show that she deliberately aligns herself with evil? AO 2 – Can you spot the metaphor? What does it suggest? What sentence mood is being used here? What does it reveal about her feelings. AO 2 What word has been repeated? What does it confirm about their relationship?

MACBETH To-morrow, as he purposes. LADY MACBETH O, never Shall sun that morrow see! Your face, my thane, is as a book where men May read strange matters. To beguile the time, Look like the time; bear welcome in your eye, Your hand, your tongue: look like the innocent flower, But be the serpent under't. He that's coming Must be provided for: and you shall put This night's great business into my dispatch; Which shall to all our nights and days to come Give solely sovereign sway and masterdom. MACBETH We will speak further. LADY MACBETH Only look up clear; To alter favour ever is to fear: Leave all the rest to me. Exeunt Can you spot the metaphor and simile? What are their effects? AO 2 How do we know that she can dominate her husband?

AO 1 – Select SIX key pieces of evidence from scene.

AO 2 – Analysing Language Pick out keys words in your selected quotes and analyse them on the outside of your hexagon. “Come to my woman’s breasts, And take my milk for gall. ” “Come” – imperative verb suggesting she is eager and demanding. “breasts/milk” – Nouns representing fertility and maternal nurturing. “Gall” – Noun meaning poison. Makes her seem unnatural as she wants to be less feminine in order to commit her murderous plan.

Plenary Next lesson, you will be writing an analysis of Lady Macbeth. Write a success criteria of what you need to include in a successful response. ü ü ü Evaluate Respond

ENGLISH LITERATURE REVISION – 5 A DAY STARTER TASK 1 2 3 4 5 What is Macbeth’s title at the start of the play? Macbeth’s title at the start of the play is Thane of Glamis. How are the deaths of Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen different? Brooke died on his way to war. Owen died fighting in the war. In what year is ‘An Inspector Calls’ set? The play is set in 1912. “I wear the chain I forged in life…I made it link by link, and yard by yard; I girded it on of my own free will, and of my own free will I wore it. ” What do Marley’s words suggest here? Marley is being punished for his lack of care towards others when he was alive. ‘Free will’ is repeated twice emphasising this was his choice. Now he has to face the consequences. Who was Ozymandias? He was an Egyptian pharaoh also known as Rameses II.

Engage Can you match the key terms to their definitions? Soliloquy Repetition of consonant sounds. Sibilance A speech where a character confides their thoughts to the audience, unheard by other characters. Symbolism A symbol (e. g. an object, an animal etc. ) that represents something else (e. g. death, innocence etc. ) Alliteration A sort of hissing sound created by repeating ‘s’ or ‘sh’ sounds. A symbol (e. g. an object, an animal etc. ) that represents something else (e. g. death, innocence etc. )

Learning Objective: • To ANALYSE the presentation of character. • To EVALUATE an exemplar response examining AO 1 and AO 2. Learning Outcome: To RESPOND to Shakespeare’s language and show understanding of how the character of Lady Macbeth is presented. Literacy Objective The pronoun “I” must always be a capital letter.

Look at how Lady Macbeth speaks and behaves here. What does it reveal about her character at this point in the play? AO 1 AO 2 • Is your response focused on the task? • Have you been able to write about the form and structure of the language? • Have you organised your ideas? • Have you written a formal response using appropriate vocabulary and format? • Have you used quotations correctly? • Have you been able to identify any of Shakespeare’s techniques? • Have you been able to explain the effects of the language used? On your desk is an exemplar paragraph. In pairs, mark it using the relevant AOs. REMEMBER – You are only being marked on AO 4 for the essay section of your exam but you should still mark for literacy on this piece as there may be some common mistakes! Give this exemplar a WWW and TWO EBIs.

What are the audience’s first impressions of Lady Macbeth and her relationship with Macbeth in this scene? Sample Paragraph Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth as more ruthless than her husband. ‘Glamis thou art, and Cawdor, and shalt be/What thou art promised; yet do I fear thy nature, /It is too full of the milk of human kindness. ’ The use of the metaphor shows she is more ruthless. There are five things wrong with this paragraph. What are they? 1. The response doesn’t say what is happening in the scene or where it’s taken from in the play. 2. The evidence is too long. 3. The evidence is not embedded in the student’s own sentence. 4. It doesn’t tell us which part of the quote is the metaphor. 5. The explanation just repeats the point and doesn’t explain anything!

What are the audience’s first impressions of Lady Macbeth and her relationship with Macbeth in this scene? In this scene, we are introduced to Lady Macbeth for the first time. She’s reading her husband’s letter which tells her about the Witches’ prophecies. Immediately, we discover how ruthless she is as she is worried that Macbeth won’t kill Duncan to become king. The metaphor ‘too full o’th’milk of human kindness’ to describe Macbeth reveals that she will stop at nothing to get what she wants but she fears that his conscience and ‘kindness’ might stop him. Shockingly for the audience her words imply that she wouldn’t hesitate, suggesting that she is evil. • • • Why is this better? TELLS US WHAT IS HAPPENING (LITERALLY); USES A SHORT QUOTE; EMBEDS THE QUOTE CORRECTLY; USES TERMINOLOGY CORRECTLY; EXPLAINS WHY SHE MIGHT BE ACTING THIS WAY/EFFECT ON AUDIENCE

What are the audience’s first impressions of Lady Macbeth and her relationship with Macbeth in this scene? Find evidence for each statement. • Lady Macbeth is linked to the witches. • Lady Macbeth is duplicitous (two-faced). • Lady Macbeth is dominant in her relationship with Macbeth. Now write your own response to the question above using these statements as your starting points. Model example In this scene, we are introduced to Lady Macbeth for the first time. She’s reading her husband’s letter which tells her about the Witches’ prophecies. Immediately, we discover how ruthless she is as she is worried that Macbeth won’t kill Duncan to become king. The metaphor ‘too full o’th’milk of human kindness’ to describe Macbeth reveals that she will stop at nothing to get what she wants but she fears that his conscience and ‘kindness’ could stop him. Shockingly for the audience her words imply that she wouldn’t hesitate, suggesting that she is evil.

DISCUSS Lady Macbeth is evil and she is to blame for the death of Duncan as she manipulates Macbeth into doing something he didn’t really want to do. • To what extent do you agree with this statement?

Tweet Lady Macbeth’s thoughts and feelings at this point in the play. Lady. M@Glamis Hubby home! Better sharpen those daggers!

Lady Mac Beth speaks in soliloquy to allow the oudience to share her innermost thoughts and feelings. shakespear presents her as a cunning character who seems to focus on her husbands ambition. Although she praises Mcbeth as a valiant soldier, she fears that he is “too full of the milk of human kindness. This metaphore illustrates that she is worried that he will not be able to commit regicide due to his loyalty to the King. She then speaks in first person to exert her intended dominance over husband so that she can “pour my spirits in thine ear. ” The word “pour” suggest that she’s got alot to say and can speak very fast. WWW: EBI: EVALUATE

Pupil Response Using your marking, write a PR to improve and develop this piece. Aim to write TWO paragraphs using your hexagons from yesterday to support you. AO 1 AO 2 • Is your response focused on the task? • Have you been able to write about the form and structure of the language? • Have you organised your ideas? • Have you written a formal response using appropriate vocabulary and format? • Have you used quotations correctly? • Have you been able to identify any of Shakespeare’s techniques? • Have you been able to explain the effects of the language used?

Homework Lp 1/2 Read annotate Act 1 Scene 6.

When does the extract occur in the play? Why is it significant? 2. Have I explored areas from the beginning, middle and end? 3. Have I supported all points with short, relevant quotations? 4. Have I explored the impact of language and imagery? 5. Have I considered inferences and implicit meanings, do I understand what is really happening?