Activity definition q Activity sequencing q Activity duration

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软件项目进度(时间)管理过程 活动定义(Activity definition) q 活动排序(Activity sequencing) q 活动历时估计(Activity duration estimating) q 任务资源估计 q 制定进度计划(Schedule

软件项目进度(时间)管理过程 活动定义(Activity definition) q 活动排序(Activity sequencing) q 活动历时估计(Activity duration estimating) q 任务资源估计 q 制定进度计划(Schedule development) q 进度控制(Schedule control)-项目跟踪 q chapter__4 8

任务(活动)之间排序的依据 强制性依赖关系 q 软逻辑关系 q 外部依赖关系 q 里程碑 q You must determine dependencies in

任务(活动)之间排序的依据 强制性依赖关系 q 软逻辑关系 q 外部依赖关系 q 里程碑 q You must determine dependencies in order to use critical path analysis chapter__3 13

网络图图例 chapter__3 16

网络图图例 chapter__3 16

常用的网络图 q PDM (Precedence Diagramming Method ) q q 优先图法 , 节点法 (单代号)网络图 ADM

常用的网络图 q PDM (Precedence Diagramming Method ) q q 优先图法 , 节点法 (单代号)网络图 ADM (Arrow Diagramming Method ) q 箭线法 (双代号)网络图 chapter__3 17

甘特图-实例 chapter__3 24

甘特图-实例 chapter__3 24

里程碑图示 Available Announce Testing Specification 9/00 5/99 Coding Design 11/00 02/99 11/98 08/98 chapter__3

里程碑图示 Available Announce Testing Specification 9/00 5/99 Coding Design 11/00 02/99 11/98 08/98 chapter__3 26

里程碑图示 chapter__3 27

里程碑图示 chapter__3 27

资源图 chapter__3 29

资源图 chapter__3 29

建议掌握模型 Walston-Felix(IBM): D=2. 4*E exp(0. 35) q 基本COCOMO: D=2. 5(E)exp(db),db: 0. 32 -0. 38

建议掌握模型 Walston-Felix(IBM): D=2. 4*E exp(0. 35) q 基本COCOMO: D=2. 5(E)exp(db),db: 0. 32 -0. 38 q 方式 db 有机 0. 38 半有机 0. 35 嵌入式 0. 32 chapter__3 37

CPM估计 A: 100天 开始 结束 B: 10 天 chapter__3 42

CPM估计 A: 100天 开始 结束 B: 10 天 chapter__3 42

PERT Formula and Example: PERT weighted average = 8 workdays + 4 X 10

PERT Formula and Example: PERT weighted average = 8 workdays + 4 X 10 workdays + 24 workdays = 12 days 6 where 8 = optimistic time, 10 = most likely time, and 24 = pessimistic time chapter__3 46

PERT举例 2, 3, 6 1 2 J 项 活动 J K L 4, 6,

PERT举例 2, 3, 6 1 2 J 项 活动 J K L 4, 6, 8 K O, M, P 2, 3, 6 4, 6, 8 3, 4, 6 估计项目总历时 3 E δ 3, 4, 6 L δ 3. 33 4/6 16/36 6 4/6 16/36 4. 17 3/6 9/36 13. 5 1. 07 41/36 chapter__3 4 2 50

标准差与保证率 68. 3% 95. 5% 99. 7% chapter__3 51

标准差与保证率 68. 3% 95. 5% 99. 7% chapter__3 51

PERT举例 T=E+δ 68. 3/2 % 50% =13. 5+1. 07=14. 57 =34. 2% P=50%+34 2%=84.

PERT举例 T=E+δ 68. 3/2 % 50% =13. 5+1. 07=14. 57 =34. 2% P=50%+34 2%=84. 2% -3 δ -2 δ -1 δ E 68. 3% +1 δ +2 δ +3 δ 95. 5% 99. 7% chapter__3 53

CPM估计 2 A: 100天 1 B: 10天 3 chapter__3 66

CPM估计 2 A: 100天 1 B: 10天 3 chapter__3 66

进度时间参数 A: ES=0, EF=100 LS=0, LF=100 A: 100 B: 10 ES=0, EF=10 B: 10

进度时间参数 A: ES=0, EF=100 LS=0, LF=100 A: 100 B: 10 ES=0, EF=10 B: 10 公式: EF= ES+duration LS=90 , LF=100 TF=LSES=90 TF=LFEF=90 LS=LF- duration TF=LS-ES =LF-EF chapter__3 67

进度时间参数 B: ES=0, EF=10 LS=80, LF=90 A: 100 TF=LS-ES=80 B: 10 Lag=5 FF= 0

进度时间参数 B: ES=0, EF=10 LS=80, LF=90 A: 100 TF=LS-ES=80 B: 10 Lag=5 FF= 0 C: 5 C: B: 10 C: 5 B: 10 公式: ES(S)= EF(P) + Lag, LF(P) = LS (S) – Lag ES=15, EF=20 LS=95, LF=10 0 TF=LS-ES=80 TF=LS-ES, FF= ES(S)-EF(P)- Lag chapter__3 69

Float 例子 EF(C)=ES (C) +6=14 ES(G)=EF(C)+0=1 4 LF(C)=LS(G)0=14 LS(C)=LF (C) -6=8 TF=8 chapter__3 FF=1

Float 例子 EF(C)=ES (C) +6=14 ES(G)=EF(C)+0=1 4 LF(C)=LS(G)0=14 LS(C)=LF (C) -6=8 TF=8 chapter__3 FF=1 70

同时浮动? B: ES=0, EF=10 LS=80, LF=90 A: 100 TF=LS-ES=80 B: 10 Lag=5 FF= 0

同时浮动? B: ES=0, EF=10 LS=80, LF=90 A: 100 TF=LS-ES=80 B: 10 Lag=5 FF= 0 C: 5 C: B: 10 C: 5 ES=15, EF=20 LS=95, LF=10 0 TF=LS-ES=80 chapter__3 71

Simple Example of Determining the Critical Path n Consider the following project network diagram.

Simple Example of Determining the Critical Path n Consider the following project network diagram. Assume all times are in days. a. How many paths are on this network diagram? b. How long is each path? c. Which is the critical path? d. What is the shortest amount of time needed to chapter__3 complete this project? 75

Determining the Critical Path for Project X chapter__3 76

Determining the Critical Path for Project X chapter__3 76

正推法实例 ES EF 1 ES 8 EF 8 Duration=7 Task A ES 14 EF

正推法实例 ES EF 1 ES 8 EF 8 Duration=7 Task A ES 14 EF 14 Duration=6 Task C 17 Duration=3 Task G ES LF LS Start ES LS EF 1 4 ES EF 4 Duration=3 Task B LS LF ES 7 7 ES 10 19 Finish Duration=2 Task H LS LF Duration=3 Task E LF LS 17 EF Duration=3 Task D LF LF LS EF LS LF EF 4 6 Duration=2 Task F LS LF 当一个任务有多个前置时,选择其中最大的最早完成日期 chapter__3 79 作为其后置任务的最早开始日期

逆推图示 ES EF 1 ES EF 8 8 Duration=7 Task A EF 14 14

逆推图示 ES EF 1 ES EF 8 8 Duration=7 Task A EF 14 14 Duration=6 Task C 1 8 LF LS ES 8 Duration=3 Task G 14 14 LF LS 17 17 LF LS ES EF 17 Start ES EF 1 ES EF 4 4 LS 11 LF 7 Duration=3 Task D 11 LF ES 4 6 Duration=2 Task F LS 14 LS EF 12 10 17 LS 19 LF Duration=3 Task E 14 LS Finish Duration=2 Task H EF 7 Duration=3 Task B 8 ES 19 14 LF 17 LF CP: A->C->G>H Cp Path: 18 当一个前置任务有多个后置任务时,选择其中最小最晚开始日 chapter__3 81 期作为其前置任务的最晚完成日期

课堂练习 ES EF ES Duration=6 Task B ES EF LS ES EF EF Duration=7

课堂练习 ES EF ES Duration=6 Task B ES EF LS ES EF EF Duration=7 Task C LF LS Duration=5 Task D LF LS LF ES EF 0 Duration=3 Task G Duration=4 Task A LS LF ES ES EF Duration=8 Task E LS EF Duration=8 Task F LF LS LF 1. 确定CP以及CP的长度? chapter__3 2. F的自由浮动和总浮动? 83

课堂练习-答案 ES EF ES 4 10 12 Duration=6 Task B 6 ES EF 19

课堂练习-答案 ES EF ES 4 10 12 Duration=6 Task B 6 ES EF 19 Duration=7 Task C 12 19 19 LS LF LS 4 0 LS 24 LF ES EF 24 27 Duration=3 Task G Duration=4 Task A 0 24 Duration=5 Task D 12 LF LS ES EF 24 4 LF ES 4 EF ES 12 12 Duration=8 Task E 4 12 LS EF 20 Duration=8 Task F 16 24 LF LS CP: A->E->C->D->G LF CP Path: 27 chapter__3 27 LF LS TF(F)=4 FF(F)=4 84