Stage 27 Quiz A Review for Sentence Translation

Stage 27 Quiz A Review for Sentence Translation

Grammar Intro: What is…. • a Cum Clause? • an Indirect Question? • a “Gerundive of Necessity” (AKA: Passive Periphrastic)? • a Result Clause? • a Purpose Clause? • an Indirect Command? • an Accusative Duration of Time? • an Ablative Time-When?

CUM CLAUSE • Describes the cir. CUMstances. • Always has “CUM” in Latin. • Uses the Subjunctive (usually the imperfect or pluperfect tenses). • “Cum” is best translated as “when” or “while”.

INDIRECT QUESTION • The reporting of someone else’s “question”. • Introduced by a “question verb” (such as “ask”, “wonder”, “not know”, etc. ) • Introduced by a “question word” (such as “who”, “what”, “when”, “where”, “why”, “how”, etc. ). • Uses the subjunctive mood.

Gerundive of Necessity (Passive Periphrastic) • This is NOT a subjunctive clause. • Contains the gerundive and the verb to be. • Has a “Dative of Agent” which is translated as if it were the subject. • Always translated with the word “MUST”.

RESULT CLAUSE • Shows the result of some other action. • Introduced by a word that means “so” or “so great” etc. (In Latin: “adeo”, “tot” or “tantus”, etc. ) • Always has “ut” which is translated “that”. • Uses the subjunctive mood.

PURPOSE CLAUSE • Shows why something is done. • Introduced by a “ut” in Latin which is translated as “to” or “in order to”. • Uses the subjunctive mood.

INDIRECT COMMAND • The reporting of someone else’s “command”. • Introduced by a “ut” in Latin which is translated as “to” or “in order to”. • Introduced by a verb meaning “command” (order, persuade…) • Uses the subjunctive mood.

ACCUSATIVE DURATION OF TIME • Shows for how long something is done. • Two or more words in the Accusative Case • Uses numbers like 1, 2, 3, 10, etc. • Uses no preposition in Latin. • Translated with the English preposition “for”.

ABLATIVE TIME WHEN • Shows when something is done. • Two or more words in the Ablative Case • Uses numbers like 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 10 th, etc. • Uses no preposition in Latin. • Translated with the English preposition “at”, “on”, “in”.

Stage 27 W & P Voc (L E) Give the English meaning for each. • adeō – so much, so greatly • adventus – arrival • anteā – before • apparēre – appear • ardēre – burn, be on fire • certamen – struggle, contest, fight • comes – comrade, companion • decet – it is proper • mē decet – I ought • fax – torch

Stage 27 W & P Voc (L E) Give the English meaning for each. • gaudeō – be pleased, rejoice • ignarus – not knowing, unaware • imperāre – order (verb) • incenedere – burn, set fire to • insidiae – trap, ambush • iocus – joke • iussus – order (noun) • manus – band (of men) • nocēre – hurt • occurrere – meet

Stage 27 W & P Voc (L E) Give the English meaning for each. • osculum – kiss • praeceps – headlong • praemium – reward, prize • proximus – nearest • qualis – what sort of • silentium – silence • sub (+ abl or acc) – under, beneath • tacitus – Silent • taedet – it is tiring • mē taedet – I’m tired, I’m bored • tantus – so great, such a great

Stage 27 W & P Voc (E L) Give the English meaning for each. • adeō – so much, so greatly • adventus – arrival • anteā – before • apparēre – appear • ardēre – burn, be on fire • certamen – struggle, contest, fight • comes – comrade, companion • decet – it is proper • mē decet – I ought • fax – torch

Stage 27 W & P Voc (E L) Give the English meaning for each. • gaudeō – be pleased, rejoice • ignarus – not knowing, unaware • imperāre – order (verb) • incenedere – burn, set fire to • insidiae – trap, ambush • iocus – joke • iussus – order (noun) • manus – band (of men) • nocēre – hurt • occurrere – meet

Stage 27 W & P Voc (E L) Give the English meaning for each. • osculum – kiss • praeceps – headlong • praemium – reward, prize • proximus – nearest • qualis – what sort of • silentium – silence • sub (+ abl or acc) – under, beneath • tacitus – Silent • taedet – it is tiring • mē taedet – I’m tired, I’m bored • tantus – so great, such a great

Sentence Translations • The slide will start with a Latin sentence. • Click the mouse to get translation. • Click the mouse to get grammar point.

INDIRECT COMMAND Modestus Strythionem monebat ut ad horreum secum fugeret. Modestus warning Strythio to flee to the granary with him.

INDIRECT COMMAND centurio militibus imperabat ut Modestum Strytionemque invenirent. The centurion was ordering the soldiers to find Modestus and Strythio.

INDIRECT COMMAND Vercobrix Britannos incitabat ut castra Romana oppugnarent et horrea indenderent. Vercobrix was urging the Brits to attack the Roman camp and set fire to the granaries.

CUM CLAUSE centurio Valerius, cum portas cellarum apertas carceremque desertum vidisset, iratissimus erat. The centurion Valerius, when he had seen the gates of the cells opened and the prison deserted, was very angry.

INDIRECT COMMAND militibus imperavit ut Modestum et Strythionem caperent. He ordered the soldiers to capture Modestus and Strythio.

ACCUSATIVE DURATION OF TIME illi duos dies manebant celati. They were remaining hidden for two days.

ABLATIVE TIME WHEN & RESULT CLAUSE tertio die Modestus tam miser erat ut rem diutius ferre non posset. On the third day, Modestus was so wretched that he was not able to bear the situation any longer.

GERUNDIVE OF NECESSITY (PASSIVE PERIPHRASTIC) nobis cenandum est. We must dine (eat dinner).

PURPOSE CLAUSE Strythio, ut mandata Modesti efficeret, invitus discessit. Strythio, in order to carry out the orders of Modestus, left unwillingly.

INDIRECT COMMAND coquo persuasit ut cenam splendidam pararet; He persuaded the cook to prepare a splendid dinner.

INDIRECT COMMAND Aulo et Publico persuasit ut vinum et lucernam aleasque ferrent. He persuaded Aulus and Publicus to bring wine, a lantern and dice.

INDIRECT COMMAND Nigrinam oravit ut ad horreum veniret, sed ei persuadere non poterat. He begged Nigrina to come to the granary, but he was not able to persuade her.

CUM CLAUSE Cum Strythio cenam et amicos quaereret, decem Britanni a Vercogbrix ducti, castris caute appropinquabant. While Strythio was looking for dinner and friends, 10 Brits led by Vercobrix were cautiously approaching the camp.

INDIRECT COMMAND Vercobrix enim eis persuaserat ut castra oppugnarent. For Vercobrix had persuaded them to attack the camp.

PURPOSE CLAUSE In manibus faces tenebant ut horrea incenderent. The were holding torches in their hands to set fire to the granaries.

INDIRECT QUESTION celeriter processerunt quod prius cognoverant ubi horrea sita erant. They advanced quickly because they had learned before where the granaries were located.

RESULT CLAUSE adeo esuriebat Modestus ut de vita paene desperaret. Modestus was so hungry that he was almost despairing about his life.

ACCUSATIVE DURATION OF TIME “tres horas Strythionem iam expecto. ” “I am waiting for Strythion now for three hours. ”

CUM CLAUSE & PURPOSE CLAUSE Britanni, cum Modesti vocem audivissent, erant tam attoniti ut immoti starent. The Brits, when they heard the voice of Modestus were so astonished that they were standing motionless.

PURPOSE CLAUSE Simultatque intraverunt, Modestus eis obviam iit ut salutarent. As soon as they entered, Modestus went to meet them to greet them.

GERUNDIVE OF NECESSITY (PASSIVE PERIPHRASTIC) Nunc nobis cenandum ac bibendum est. Now we must dine (eat dinner) and drink.

CUM CLAUSE & INDIRECT COMMAND Vercobrix, cum Modestum lucernam rogantem audivisset, Britannis imperavit ut faces incenderent. Vercobrix, when he had heard Modestus asking for a lantern, ordered the Brits to set fire to their torches.

GERUNDIVE OF NECESSITY (PASSIVE PERIPHRASTIC) mihi statim effugiendum est. I must flee at once.

CUM CLAUSE & INDIRECT COMMAND Vercobrix, cum Modestus effugere temptaret, suis imperavit ut deligaret. Vercobrix, when Modestus was trying to escape, ordered his men to tie him up.

PURPOSE CLAUSE unus e Britannis Modesto appropinquavit ut deligaret. One of the Brits approached Modestus to tie him up.

RESULT CLAUSE tanti erant clamores Modesti ut tota castra complerent. So great were Modestus’s shouts that they were filling the entire camp.

PURPOSE CLAUSE Praefectus castrorum ipse accurrit ut causam strepitus cognosceret. The commander of the camp himself ran forward to learn the cause of the noise.

RESULT CLAUSE Tantus erat numerus militum Romanorum ut Britannos facile superarent. So great was the number of Roman soldiers that they easily overpowered the Brits.

RESULT CLAUSE Modestus, a legato ita laudatus, adeo gaudebat ut vix se continere posset. Modestus, praised by the commander in this way, was so happy that he was hardly able to contain himself.

NOTA BENE • If I were you, I’d study the map of the camp…from page 135. • I would also go to QUIA and study the vocabulary.

PLUS…Quia Games! • CLC STAGE 27 http: //www. quia. com/jg/114575. html • Stage 27 sub horreo voc http: //www. quia. com/jg/255707. html