Major Characteristics of the Six Kingdoms Six Kingdoms

Major Characteristics of the Six Kingdoms

Six Kingdoms • Archaebacteria • Eubacteria • Protista • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia

Archaebacteria Cell Type: • Prokaryotes – no bound organelles, “pro” means first

Eubacteria Cell Type: • Prokaryotes

Protista Cell Type: • Eukaryotes

Fungi Cell Type: • Eukaryotes

Plantae Cell Type: • Eukaryotes

Animalia Cell Type: • Eukaryotes

Archaebacteria Cell Structures: • No nucleus, no membrane bound structures • Cell membrane contains lipid not found in other organisms

Eubacteria Cell Structure: • No nucleus • Have cells walls made up of peptidoglycan

Protista Cell Structures: • Cell membrane • Well defined nucleus • Membrane bound organelles

Fungi Cell Structures: • Have a nucleus and mitochondria • No chloroplasts • Cell wall of chitin

Plantae Cell Structures: • Nucleus • Cell membrane • Cell wall • Chloroplasts

Animalia Cell Structures: • Nucleus • Cell membrane • No cell wall • No chloroplasts

Archaebacteria Body Form: • Unicellular

Eubacteria Body Form: • Unicellular • Colonies (groups)

Protista Body Form: • Mostly unicellular • Some multicellular (colonies)

Fungi Body Form: • Unicellular • Multicellular

Plantae Body Form: • Multicellular

Animalia Body Forms: • Multicellular

Archaebacteria Nutrition: • Autotrophic – Chemosynthetic

Eubacteria Nutrition: • Autotrophic • Heterotrophic

Protista Nutrition: • Autotrophic • Heterotrophic –Symbiotic (living together and one is benefiting)

Fungi Nutrition: • Heterotrophic – Decomposers – Symbiotic

Plantae Nutrition: • Autotrophic – Photosynthetic

Animalia Nutrition: • Heterotrophic

Archaebacteria Special Adaptations: • Methanogens • Halophiles • Thermophiles • Chemosynthetic

Eubacteria Special Adaptations: • Nitrogen fixing • Found in most habitats • Aerobic or anaerobic types • Conjugation

Protista Special Adaptations: • Fungi-like molds and mildews • Plant-like algae with alternation of generations (spores vs. gametes) • Animal-like protozoans, some with pseudopodia, conjugation, cysts, or spores

Fungi Special Adaptations: • Most reproduce with spores (sexually or asexually) • Extracellular digestion • Feeding relationships

Plantae Special Adaptations: • In most habitats • Sexual reproduction (spores or seeds) • Alternation of generations • Photosynthetic • Roots/stems/leaves/ cuticle

Animalia Special Adaptations: • Find or capture food • Fat for food storage • Specialized cells • Adapted to environment

Archaebacteria Examples: • Methanogens • Halophiles • Thermophiles

Eubacteria Examples: • Rhizobium • E. coli • Salmonella

Protista Examples: • Euglena • Amoeba • Volvox • Paramecium • Diatoms

Fungi Examples: • Yeasts • Molds • Mushrooms • Lichens • Penicillium

Plantae Examples: • Mosses • Ferns • Flowering plants • Seaweeds • Trees

Animalia Examples: • Gemsbok • Dogs • Cats • Humans