DIPLOMA Ayurvedic Practitioners Course Module 7 30 th

DIPLOMA Ayurvedic Practitioners Course Module 7 30 th & 31 st March 2019 2

Madathya (Alcoholism) & Unmadha (Mental disorder)

Madathya(Alcoholism) The (alcoholism) Allopathic perspective

Madathya (alcoholism) The Allopathic perspective A unit of alcohol is 10 ml of pure alcohol: • half a pint of lager • a single measure (25 ml) of spirits • small glass (125 ml) of wine = 1. 5 units

Madathya (alcoholism) The Allopathic perspective NHS recommends: • No more than 14 units of alcohol a week • Spread evenly over three or more days • Have several alcohol-free days each week

Madathya (alcoholism) The Allopathic perspective Short-term risks of alcohol misuse: • accidents and injuries • violent behaviour / victim of violence • unprotected sex, unplanned pregnancy or sexually transmitted infections (STIs) • loss of personal possessions, such as wallets, keys or mobile phones • alcohol poisoning – this may lead to vomiting, seizures (fits) and falling unconscious

Madathya (alcoholism) The Allopathic perspective Long-term risks of alcohol misuse • heart disease / high blood pressure / stroke • liver disease • cancer of the liver, bowel, mouth, head and neck, breast • pancreatitis • Depression • Dementia • sexual problems, such as impotence or premature ejaculation • infertility • social problems eg. unemployment, divorce, domestic abuse and homelessness

Madathya (alcoholism) The Allopathic perspective Dependent drinking / alcoholism: • Loss of control over drinking • Excessive desire to drink • Can tolerate very high levels of alcohol • Physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms including: – – – – hand tremors – "the shakes" sweating visual hallucinations depression anxiety insomnia relief drinking" to avoid withdrawal symptoms

Madathya (alcoholism) The Allopathic perspective Short-term effects of alcohol consumption • 1 -2 units – heart rate speeds up – blood vessels expand, giving you the warm, sociable and talkative feeling • 4 -6 units – brain and nervous system starts to be affected – the part associated with judgement and decision making – more reckless and uninhibited behaviour – impairs the cells in your nervous system - light-headed and affecting reaction time and co-ordination • 8 -9 units – – reaction times will be much slower speech will begin to slur vision will begin to lose focus Liver unable to remove all of the alcohol overnight leading to hangover

Madathya (alcoholism) The Allopathic perspective • 10 -12 units co-ordination will be highly impaired depressant effect on both your mind and body drowsy reaching toxic (poisonous) levels body attempts to quickly pass out the alcohol in your urine, leading to dehydration / headache – upset digestion, leading to symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and indigestion. – – – • More than 12 units – considerable risk of alcohol poisoning – liver takes about an hour to remove one unit of alcohol from the body – Alcohol poisoning occurs when alcohol start to interfere with the body's automatic functions, such as: • breathing • heart rate • gag reflex, which prevents you choking – can cause coma and could lead to death

Madathya (alcoholism) The Allopathic perspective Treatment • brief intervention • moderation vs abstinence • detox and withdrawal symptoms • medication for alcohol dependency • therapy for alcohol dependency

Madathya(Alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Stages of alcohol consumption: • Panatya (excessive) • Paramadha (hangover) • Panajeerna (adverse effect) • Pana vibhram (loss of consciousness)

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Why do people drink alcohol? • Malnourished physical and mental capability • Lack of contentment

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Nidhana – emotional issues • Sadness • Happiness (alcohol is consumed to gain more happiness) • Anxiety • Anger • Frustration • Loss / gain • Guilt • Strength • Silly / mad • Celebrate love (alcohol is consumed to enhance the feeling of love) Alcohol is consumed to let go of negative feelings and to enhance positive feelings

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Alcohol has 10 gunas in common with poison and the opposite of ojas: ALCOHOL OJAS 1 Laghu (light) Guru (heavy) 2 Ushna (hot) Sheeta (cold) 3 Tikshna (sharp) Mrudu (soft) 4 Sukshma (subtle) Slakshna (gentle) 5 Amla (acidic) Pichchila (alkaline) 6 Vishadha (dry) Madura (sweet) 7 Ashukara (penetrating) Stira (static) 8 Ruksha (rough) Prasanna (pleasant) 9 Vikashi (spreading) Bahala (dense) 10 Vishra (foul / unpleasant) Singdha (oily)

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Effect of alcohol on dosha: • Vata • Pitta • Kapha This is the only substance capable of aggravating all 3 doshas simultaneously In the beginning there is immediate feeling of upift

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective How each dosha’s guna aggravate its own dosha: Eg. vata – guna • Light / penetrating / chala/ rough/ subtle • Pitta – hot, sharp, light • Kapha – sara (liquid) – Vata and pitta quality increases the akasha bhuta in kapha, loosening bond between earth and water elements. Hence kapha is aggravated

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective • Aggravation of kapha: – Increases the tamasic quality – As a result body feels heavy

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective What each dosha is seeking in consuming alcohol: • Vata - - seeking virya (strength / courage) • Pitta - - seeking shakti (control / energy / power) • Kapha - seeking soma (love / connection)

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Why is alcohol considered to be bad? • Alcohol can create heaven and hell • Charaka Samhita says: – God’s gift to humans is to feel a glimpse of heaven in these ways: o Alcohol – nectar or ambrosia o Orgasm – mythyna • There is co-dependency between alcohol and sex

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective How different constitutions feel after a few glasses: • Vata – feeling mentally like flying • Pitta – feeling in control or power • Kapha – heaviness

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Samprapti • Alcohol has the equal and opposite quality of ojas • Hence alcohol immediately stimulates the ojas

Alcohol OJAS HEART + 10 vessels PRANA Rasa Dhatu (Preenana / Satisfaction) Stimulate Life Rakta Dhatu Jeevan (Life) BUDDHI (consciousness) Stimulate Wisdom & creativity

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Signs & symptoms of first stage – panathya (feeling of heaven) • Happiness • Satisfaction • Enhances taste of food • Enhances enjoyment of music and arts • Encourages wisdom and intellect • Discipline of 5 sense organs • Induces good sleep • Awaken refreshed

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Signs / symptoms of the second stage - madya madha (feeling merry) • The stimulated ojas begins to lose its strength • The toxic qualities of alcohol begin to appear with below qualities: – – – – – Intoxication Loss of intelligence Loss of memory Loss of speech Behaviour beginning to change Restlessness Talking nonsense Lunatic behaviour Induces sleep / laziness and feeling floppy Many people stop at this stage, feeling ok still and relaxed

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Signs / symptoms of the third and fourth stages • Third stage – pitta induced and rajas guna is provoked – Agitation – Anger – Tendency towards arguments or fights • Fourth stage – Loss of ability to stand – Loss of ability to hold conversation

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Panatya – chronic alcoholism When a person is chronically addicted to alcohol some symptoms remain apparent whether they are consuming alcohol or not at a particular time. Vata • Hiccups • Dyspnea • Tremors of the head • Shakiness • Pain • Insomnia • Severe delirium • Illusions • Anxiety

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Pitta • Thirst • Burning sensation • Feeling extremely hot • Fever • Sweating • Fainting • Diarrhoea • Vertigo • Red / greenish colour of the body • Red eyes • Anger • Frustration

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Kapha • Vomiting • Anorexia (loss of appetite) • Nausea • Drowsiness • Sensation of body covered with a wet cloth • Depression

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Poor prognosis When a person displays the signs and symptoms below, the prognosis is poor and the disorder is difficult to cure • Drooping upper lip • Body has become very cold • Facial skin has oily / radiant / red colouring • Tongue, lips and teeth are blackened • Eyes are yellow

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Complications of alcoholism • Fever • Hiccups • Trembling • Pain and cough • Congestion • Cirrhosis • Chest pain

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Advantages of alcohol • Considered to be rejuvenating and detoxifying • If alcohol is consumed according to the individual constitution, in the correct dose, with the correct food and in the correct company it can have a positive effect on the body

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Chikitsa • Alcohol aggravates tri-dosha • How a person feels after drinking - related to constitution • As treatment - use the opposite type of alcohol to their preference: • For example – – – kapha person likes whisky or beer This aggravates kapha (earth or water quality) Treat with wine over a period of time aggravates pitta and counteracts the dosha kapha person is uncomfortable with feeling aggravated pitta eventually gives up alcohol as the dosha is becoming balanced

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Detoxifying & Rejuvenative Treatment Medicated wine • Ashwagandha arishta • Bala arishta • Arjuna arishta Modaka • Formulated cannabis supplement • Madana modaka Medicated ghee • Saraswata grita • Phala grita • Brahmi grita Agni deepana • Hinguwashtaka • Paaka choorna

Madathya (alcoholism) The Ayurvedic perspective Vamana • Maduka decoction (liquorice) • Rock salt with honey • Madana pala water (emetic nut) Virechana • Cumin cube / dhatri • Oil enema Rejuvanative • Chayawanaprash • Kushmanda avaleha • Brahmi grita

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective “Sarve prutag jana ēva unmataka” Every human being on the planet suffers from some kind of mental disorder

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Mano vaha srotas • Main channels: – Heart – 10 vessels – Billions of invisible srotas • Pathway of ojas: – Heart (from birth) – 8 drops produced through dhatu – 8 drops continuously pass through the heart

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Deep & superficial ojas • Superficial ojas: – Responsible for strength & immunity of body • Deep ojas: – Reside in the heart – Connected with mental activity

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Formation of mental ama • over stimulated prana and tejas • unprocessed thoughts and emotions • overthinking • lack of ojas

Samkhya philosophy consciousness Prakruti Purusha Mahad Ahamkara Jeevathma Paramathma Mind Sattva Prajna Wisdom/ intuition Dhee Knowledge /learning Rajas Dhyana equilibrium Dhruti processing Tamas Samadhi bliss Smruthi stability Spiritual qualities Intuitive qaulities Functions of mind / intellect

consciousness Mind Sattva Prajna Wisdom/ intuition Dhee knowledge learning Rajas Dhyana Equilibrium Dhruti retention/ memory Tamas Samadhi bliss Smruthi recall Spiritual qualities Intuitive qualities Functions of mind / intellect

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective • In Ayurveda, people are categorised into three constitutions (vata, pitta, kapha) • The mental constitutions are categorised as sattwa, rajas, tamas which are three gunas

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Sattwa All the positive qualities of the mind: • Love • Compassion • Kindness • Calmness • Meditative qualities

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective • When the mind is in Samadhi (bliss) one can experience these qualities • In general life unable to sustain this state of mind even for a few moments • General life creates rajasic and tamasic qualities to arise and creates mental disorders

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Rajas means to control and gain power. This creates: Restlessness Agitation Under-achieving Negative thoughts Self judgement Anger Frustration Rudeness Selfishness

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective • When there is an overload in the mental faculty or consciousness it creates mano ama (unprocessed thoughts and negative emotions) • When such ama obstructs the mano vaha srotas (the channels that carry thoughts) it appears as a mental disorder

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Tamas The ‘darkness of the mind’ is created by attachment and laziness of the mind – attachment to negative thoughts / states. Creating: Fear Guilt Sadness

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective • Due to the laziness of the mind, it becomes attached to the negative thoughts • This can block the mano vaha srotas and create mental problems

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Main hindrances of the mind • Moha – delusion / illusion • Raga – attachment / greed • Dvesha – hatred

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Nidhana • • Incompatible food Contaminated food Unwholesome food Horrible taste and smelly food Insulting God, gurus, parents or arahats Generally insulting others Being broken hearted Fighting with mentally or physically strong people

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective • Can affect the body and mind • Can affect on the level of ojas level or contaminate the ojas • Person becomes incapable of dealing with a negative situation • If person in situations that stimulate the rajas and tamas gunas, it can manifest in mental disorder

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Samprapti • As a result of the causative factors: – level of ojas depleted OR – ojas contaminated • • Low level of ojas = weak quality of sattwa Rajas and tamas then stimulated and aggravated Seat of ojas is heart and 10 vessels Obstruction occurs in mano vaha srotas • Hence, mind begins to lose the qualities of calmness, love, compassion and kindness • Instead fills with rajasic and tamasic qualities • Result is a restless, angry, frustrated, judgemental, greedy and lazy mind

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Neither the Charaka Samhita nor other texts dedicate a great deal to the explanation or identification of mental disorders: – may be due to environmental factors – mental disorders were not as prevalent then Need for mental disorders to be addressed in present day

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective Nidhana for the present day Lack of physical connection Lack of mental connection Over-exposure to electronic devices Desire or greed for materialistic life Loss of connection to intuitive faculties (gut feeling) • Lack of understanding and consequent lack of respect for the way in which the mind and body function • Being misleading by society • • •

Unmadha (mental disorder) The Ayurvedic perspective • Excess of choice • Failure to identify changes in the body or mind or ignorance of the feelings and sensations • Loss of spiritual connection • Impatience / looking for a quick fix • Embracing any food without reference to how the body feels • Unnecessary supplements • Inability to express emotions or lack of opportunity, time, space and person to express emotions

Nidam Rajas / tamas guna↑ ↑ Sattwa guna ↓ ↓

Primary symptoms (long time) • Negative thinking and planning to escape from negativity • Excessive sensitivity in 5 sense organs & reacting to these things – Ears – strange sounds – Eyes – seeing things – illusions – Mouth – talking – negative speech – Touch – fear of sensation – hyper sensitive – Nose – receiving different smells

Purva rupa • • • • Emptiness of the body and mind Blurred vision Hearing sounds Heavy breathing (panic) Excessive saliva Loss of appetite Heaviness of the chest Excessive thinking Illusions Panicking Low grade fever or lethargy all the time Nightmares / bad dreams Restless Seeing / imagining bad things happening to you all the time Always wanting to escape from something Feeling like drowning

Type of Unmada • • • Vata Pitta Kapha Sannipatha / Tridosha Bhuta

Vata signs and symptoms • • • Excessive walking here and there Running Excessive activity Twitches in sense organs – eyes, ears, mouth Shaking legs / arms Talking nonsense Fluttering arms Loss of appetite / eating minimum Dancing / singing / playing musical instrument Pretending to play musical instruments Loudly playing instruments / singing

• • • Following the patterns of the wind Copying the sounds of the wind Wearing unmatching jewellry and clothes Wearing weird things flowers, garlands, fur, stones, animals teeth, feathers Excessive make up and hair styles Excessive greed for possessions / money Difficulty in giving or spending Dryness of the body Refusing to wash Excessive weight loss Extended eyes and showing too much of the whites of the eyes Negativity – all things and beings feel negative

Pitta signs and symptoms • • • • Restless Intolerance Anger all the time Excited / buzzing / agitated Violent Hurt things and people Breaking things Grinding teeth Desire to escape or run away Looking for shadow places Looking for cool places and cool water Excessive sweat Looking for sour / astringent taste

Kapha signs and symptoms • • • • Stagnation Loss of sensation of time and place Unable to speak / not talking Dribbles Excessive saliva Excessive cough or cold all the time Greed for food Isolation / like to be isolated Puffiness of face and body Paleness of body Staring eyes Sleepy Excreta in eyes and body is too much Thirst and hunger Like to look for oily / starchy / sugary food Pervert – excessive love

Chikitsa • • • Identify the type of unmada According to that – vata/ pitta / kapha balancing Diet and lifestyle counselling Shirodhara Shirovasti Food regime Mantra Rituals Pooja Exorcism

Medicine • • • Hinguwashtaka Brahmi grita Dhatri Medicated enema Vomiting treatment