Step Up to Psychology by John J Schulte
Step Up to: Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy. D. Psychology, Ninth Edition by David G. Myers Worth Publishers (2010)
Chapter 6: Sensation and Perception Sensational The Better to Hear You With The Eyes Have It Perceptual Organization I Was Expecting Something Else!
The Eyes Have It 500 400 300 200 100
The Better to Hear You With 500 400 300 200 100
Sensational 500 400 300 200 100
Perceptual Organization 500 400 300 200 100
I Was Expecting Something Else! 500 400 300 200 100
1. Cones are different from rods in that: • • A) rods respond to color. B) cones respond to color. C) cones need less light. D) B and C are both true.
2. The center of the retina is the ___ and has mostly ___. • • A) fovea; cones B) fovea; rods C) blind spot; ganglion cells D) optic disk; nerves
3. The lens thins or thickens to focus light in a process known as: • • A) visual sharpening. B) lens bending. C) accommodation. D) optic chiasm.
4. Weber’s law has to do with the ___ of a stimulus. • • A) absolute threshold B) just noticeable difference C) subliminal threshold D) sensory adaptation
5. If someone is severely damaged in the left visual cortex, they would be unable to see: • • A) anything in their left eye. B) anything in their right eye. C) anything in their right visual field. D) anything in their left visual field.
6. Frequency is to ___ as amplitude is to ___. • • A) pitch; loudness B) loudness; pitch C) pitch; timbre D) decibels; hertz
7. The sequence of hearing is in the order of: • A) eardrum, auditory canal, middle ear, inner ear. • B) cochlea, eardrum, middle ear, inner ear. • C) eardrum, middle ear, auditory canal, cochlea. • D) auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, cochlea.
8. Normal conversation (60 decibels) is ___ times louder than a 20 -decibel whisper. • • A) 3 B) 10, 000 C) 100 D) 3, 000
9. The ___ has the sensory receptors for sound consisting of tiny, hairlike fibers. • • A) ear canal B) stirrup C) basilar membrane D) tympanic membrane
10. Nerve deafness: • A) can be caused by exposure to amplitude over 80 decibels. • B) can be corrected by a hearing aid. • C) is more likely the result of heavy traffic than by a rock concert. • D) all of the above.
11. Unlike other senses, the sense of ___ does not travel to the thalamus, but goes directly to the cerebral cortex. • • A) gustation B) olfaction C) vestibulation D) kinesthesia
12. Receptor cells have been identified for five tastes including sweet, salty, sour, ___, and ___. • • A) wet; rough B) hot; bitter C) spicy; acrid D) bitter; umami
13. The kinesthetic sense involves: • A) the sense of balance or equilibrium. • B) the sense of pain. • C) the location and position of body parts in relation to each other. • D) hairlike receptor cells in the semicircular canals.
14. The gate-control theory has to do with: • A) how the brain regulates pain. • B) how the brain sensitizes us to feel more acutely. • C) providing information about body position and movement. • D) difference thresholds in the sense of touch.
15. Although Jeremy lost his left leg beneath the knee, he often experiences great pain in his left foot. This is known as: • • A) psychosomatic pain. B) phantom limb pain. C) substance P overload. D) ineffective pain gate.
16. We sometimes reverse images because of changes in the relationship of: • • A) light and shadow. B) figure-ground. C) size and dimension. D) connectedness.
17. We see this as two figures together rather than as many curved and straight lines because of the rule of: • • A) connectedness. B) proximity. C) continuity. D) similarity.
18. Relative clarity helps us to determine ___ because: • A) size; clear objects appear larger. • B) depth; clear objects appear farther. • C) luminescence; nearer objects are brighter. • D) depth; distant objects appear hazy.
19. If we assume that two objects are similar in size, the one that casts the smaller retinal image is assumed to be: • • A) closer. B) smaller. C) farther away. D) larger.
20. Pablo is a landscape artist who was known for the depth of his paintings. After an accident, he had vision only from one eye. Since then, his paintings: • • A) will have less depth. B) will have just as much depth. C) will have no depth. D) may have depth but will lack in accuracy.
21. “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts, ” has been most associated with a: • A) clinical psychologist. • B) Gestalt psychologist. • C) cognitive-behavioral psychologist. • D) perceptual psychologist.
22. Retinal disparity refers to the: • A) tendency to see parallel lines as coming together in the distance. • B) tendency to see stimuli that are near each other as parts of a unified object. • C) somewhat different images our two eyes receive of the same object. • D) extent to which our eyes turn toward each other when looking at
23. The perceptual tendency to fill in gaps to perceive disconnected parts as a whole object is called: • A) closure. • B) constancy. • C) interposition. • D) convergence.
24. All of the following are monocular cues of depth perception, except: • • A) motion parallax. B) linear perspective. C) convergence. D) relative height.
25. We perceive the moon on the horizon as being larger than when it is overhead because: • A) it seems farther away on the horizon. • B) it seems closer on the horizon. • C) it seems brighter when it’s high in the sky. • D) it seems brighter on the horizon.
Stop here, or continue as a review
1. Cones are different from rods in that: • • A) rods respond to color. B) cones respond to color. C) cones need less light. D) B and C are both true.
2. The center of the retina is the ___ and has mostly ___. • • A) fovea; cones B) fovea; rods C) blind spot; ganglion cells D) optic disk; nerves
3. The lens thins or thickens to focus light in a process known as: • • A) visual sharpening. B) lens bending. C) accommodation. D) optic chiasm.
4. Weber’s law has to do with the ___ of a stimulus. • • A) absolute threshold B) just noticeable difference C) subliminal threshold D) sensory adaptation
5. If someone is severely damaged in the left visual cortex, they would be unable to see: • • A) anything in their left eye. B) anything in their right eye. C) anything in their right visual field. D) anything in their left visual field.
6. Frequency is to ___ as amplitude is to ___. • • A) pitch; loudness B) loudness; pitch C) pitch; timbre D) decibels; hertz
7. The sequence of hearing is in the order of: • A) eardrum, auditory canal, middle ear, inner ear. • B) cochlea, eardrum, middle ear, inner ear. • C) eardrum, middle ear, auditory canal, cochlea. • D) auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, cochlea.
8. Normal conversation (60 decibels) is ___ times louder than a 20 -decibel whisper. • • A) 3 B) 10, 000 C) 100 D) 3, 000
9. The ___ has the sensory receptors for sound consisting of tiny, hairlike fibers. • • A) ear canal B) stirrup C) basilar membrane D) tympanic membrane
10. Nerve deafness: • A) can be caused by exposure to amplitude over 80 decibels. • B) can be corrected by a hearing aid. • C) is more likely the result of heavy traffic than by a rock concert. • D) all of the above.
11. Unlike other senses, the sense of ___ does not travel to the thalamus, but goes directly to the cerebral cortex. • • A) gustation B) olfaction C) vestibulation D) kinesthesia
12. Receptor cells have been identified for five tastes including sweet, salty, sour, ___, and ___. • • A) wet; rough B) hot; bitter C) spicy; acrid D) bitter; umami
13. The kinesthetic sense involves: • A) the sense of balance or equilibrium. • B) the sense of pain. • C) the location and position of body parts in relation to each other. • D) hair-like receptor cells in the semicircular canals.
14. The gate-control theory has to do with: • A) how the brain regulates pain. • B) how the brain sensitizes us to feel more acutely. • C) providing information about body position and movement. • D) difference thresholds in the sense of touch.
15. Although Jeremy lost his left leg beneath the knee, he often experiences great pain in his left foot. This is known as: • • A) psychosomatic pain. B) phantom limb pain. C) substance P overload. D) ineffective pain gate.
16. We sometimes reverse images because of changes in the relationship of: • • A) light and shadow. B) figure-ground. C) size and dimension. D) connectedness.
17. We see this as two figures together rather than as many curved and straight lines because of the rule of: • • A) connectedness. B) proximity. C) continuity. D) similarity.
18. Relative clarity helps us to determine ___ because: • A) size; clear objects appear larger. • B) depth; clear objects appear farther. • C) luminescence; nearer objects are brighter. • D) depth; distant objects appear hazy.
19. If we assume that two objects are similar in size, the one that casts the smaller retinal image is assumed to be: • • A) closer. B) smaller. C) farther away. D) larger.
20. Pablo is a landscape artist who was known for the depth of his paintings. After an accident, he had vision only from one eye. Since then, his paintings: • • A) will have less depth. B) will have just as much depth. C) will have no depth. D) may have depth but will lack in accuracy.
21. “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts, ” has been most associated with a: • A) clinical psychologist. • B) Gestalt psychologist. • C) cognitive-behavioral psychologist. • D) perceptual psychologist.
22. Retinal disparity refers to the: • A) tendency to see parallel lines as coming together in the distance. • B) tendency to see stimuli that are near each other as parts of a unified object. • C) somewhat different images our two eyes receive of the same object. • D) extent to which our eyes turn toward each other when looking at
23. The perceptual tendency to fill in gaps to perceive disconnected parts as a whole object is called: • A) closure. • B) constancy. • C) interposition. • D) convergence.
24. All of the following are monocular cues of depth perception, except: • • A) motion parallax. B) linear perspective. C) convergence. D) relative height.
25. We perceive the moon on the horizon as being larger than when it is overhead because: • A) it seems farther away on the horizon. • B) it seems closer on the horizon. • C) it seems brighter when it’s high in the sky. • D) it seems brighter on the horizon.
Acknowledgments • Step Up Created by: – John J. Schulte, Psy. D. • Based on Psychology, Ninth Edition • by David G. Myers • Published by Worth Publishers (2010)
Answers 1. B 9. C 17. C 2. A 10. A 18. D 3. C 11. B 19. C 4. B 12. D 20. B 5. C 13. C 21. B 6. A 14. A 22. C 7. D 15. B 23. A 8. B 16. B 24. C 25. A
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