Meaning Of Environmental Studies Environmental studies is the

Meaning Of Environmental Studies • Environmental studies is the science which studies the interaction between man and the environment , emphasizing the links between different subjects related to this issue, including ecology, economics, geography, geology, meteorology, politics and sociology.

Definition Of Environment • All the factors such as physical, geographical, chemical, biological, and ecological which affects human life and its existence on this planet are called environment • The environment includes earth, lakes, forest farms, vegetation and other biological life such as animals, plants, bacteria, and microorganisms etc.

Multidisciplinary Science

Multidisciplinary Science • • Physics: To understand the flux of material and interaction. And to construct mathematical models of environment. Chemistry : To understand the molecular interactions in the system. Biology: To describe the effects within the plant and animal kingdom and their diversity. Atmospheric science: Its comprises meteorological studies, greenhouse gas phenomenon, airborne contamination, sound propagation related to noise pollution and even light pollution. • Ecology : Interrelationship between man and environment. • Environmental chemistry: To study the chemical alterations in the environment. Geoscience: Includes environmental geology, environmental soil science, volcanic phenomenon and evolution of earth crust • Economics: deals with economical aspects of various components of environment. • Law: Helps in framing of environmental law, acts, rules and their monitoring • Social science: Helps in dealing with population.

Biotic And Abiotic Environment Components of environment: 1. Biotic environment 2. Abiotic environment Biotic environment includes all living organisms and biological life. For examples: animals, plants, birds, forests, insects, bacteria and microorganism. Abiotic environment includes all non living components. For examples: land, mountains, rivers, air, water temperature etc.

Types of environment • On the basis of human interference environment can be categorized as : • 1. Natural env: Inherent, unaltered and not manipulated by man. Examples: areas of biosphere • 2. Semisynthetic env: Natural environment is modified partially by human intervention. Examples: development of lakes, aquaculture etc. • 3. Artificial or man made synthetic environment: when the natural environment is deliberately controlled and converted by mankind. Examples: cities, community park, paddy field etc.

Types of environment contd. • Kurl-Lewin (German-American psychologist) focus on three types of environment. • 1. Physical environment: Physical space, weather and climate that influence the man. Atmosphere lithosphere Hydrosphere 2. Social and cultural environment: Made up of moral values, cultural background, emotional drives that influence a man that means our social, political condition. 3. Psychological environment: physical, social, and cultural environment that limits ones own activities.

History of environment 1. Hunter and food gatherer 2. Agricultural man 3. Industrial man: Industrial revolution Three books: Silent spring by Racheal Carson in 1962 The population bomb by Paul Enrich in 1968 the Limits to Growth in 1972 3. Information technology man.

Physical Environment. Atmosphere • Blanket of gases surrounding the earth. • Atmosphere extends up to 1600 km from the ground level. • Atmosphere is a mixture of different gases.

Physical environment

• According to UNESCO (United Nations educational Scientific And Cultural Organization) (1971), the objectives of environmental studies are : Objective Of Environmental Studies • Creating the awareness about environmental problems among people • Imparting basic knowledge about the environment and its allied problems. • Developing an attitude of concern for the environment. • Motivating public to participate in environment protection and environment improvement. • Acquiring skills to help the concerned individuals in identifying and solving environment problems. • Striving to attain harmony with Nature.

Scope of Environmental studies A. Conservation-1. Natural resources 2. Bio diversities B. Control- 1. Environmental pollution 2. Human population C. Replacement development-Sustainable development

Importance Of Environmenta l Studies Importance of Environmental Studies can be summarized as follows: To clarify modern environmental concept like how to conserve biodiversity. To know the more sustainable way of living. To use natural resources more efficiently. To know the behavior of organism under natural condition. To know the interrelationship between organism in population and communities. To aware and educate people regarding environmental issues and problems at local, national and international levels.

Questions 1. Environment means a. Only the biosphere b. only hydrosphere c. combination of both…Ans c 2. Environment is an a. Open system b. closed system c. both of two…Ans. a 3. What percentage of the water resources is locked in the polar ice caps and glaciers? a. About 3% b. about 2% c. About 4%. . . Ans b 4. The word Environment is derived from which language a. German b. Europe c. French…Ans. c 5. Mathematics, Statistics and computer science serve as effective tools in Environmental a. Studies and research b. Modeling and management c. Innovation and Establishment…. Ans. b 6. Which is of the following layer characterized by gradual decline in temperatures to about -90 degree C? a. Troposphere b. Mesosphere c. Stratosphere…Ans. b

Contd…. 7. Which is the following element found mostly in earth’s crust? a. Oxygen b. Silicon. c. Aluminum…Ans. a 8. The most variable components of the atmosphere is a. Oxygen b. Nitrogen c. Water vapour…. Ans. c 9. Helium layer is confined to a. Troposphere b. Thermosphere c. Mesosphere…Ans. b 10. What percentage of solar radiation is used in photosynthesis? a. 2% b. 10% c. 4%. . Ans. a