ENGLISH FOR UII STUDENTS OF LAW JATI SURYANTO

ENGLISH FOR UII STUDENTS OF LAW JATI SURYANTO, S. PD. , MA.

My name is Achmad. I am a new student in this university. I come from Riau is a province in Sumatra. It is far from Yogyakarta. In Riau, I live with my parents. I have one younger sister and two older brothers. One of my brothers is married. His wife is also from Riau. They are civil servants. They have a son and a daughter. My sister is still studying at class 2 Senior High School in Jogja. We rent a house on Jl. Tamansiswa. We live happily My hobby is playing football. I joined a football club in my hometown. I play futsal with my friends in Jogja. I like futsal very much. It makes my body healthy. I play futsal twice a week, every Saturday and Sunday. I want to be a good futsal player. Discuss: 1. What is the type of the text? 2. What is the type of the sentences?

Write a story in about 250 words. Tell about yourself, your family, your interest, your best friends, your hometown or any other interesting information. Submit it in the end of the meeting.

TYPES OF SENTENCES Simple Sentences Compound Sentences Complex Sentences Compound-complex Sentences

SUBJECT I/You/We/They It/He/She John/Mary/Gorbachev Jim and Henry The man/The students The big car/The wild cat The most beautiful girl Some diligent students Two mathematics teachers His two younger brothers PREDICATE / VERB smile studies is speaking are studying will take a rest is in the zoo has arrived are in the class have been in the class will sing

SUBJECT I, You, We He, She, It Herman John and Jim The man The students My friend My colleagues Some soldiers Five lawyers PREDICATE / VERB study studies is watching are reading will buy have submitted has written are discussing Had killed will help OBJECT English the new lessons the TV programs the text books a new house their homework a short story the problems some enemies the defendant

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB I, You, We He, She, It Herman John and Jim The man The students My friend Some soldiers Five lawyers give sends is telling are cooking will buy had told has written had sent will give DIRECT OBJECT him me the students a new cuisin a new house their problems his students the enemies the defendant INDIRECT OBJECT a gift flowers about the book for us for his wife to their teacher a short story a bomb a help

SUBJECT I, You, We He, She, It Herman John and Jim The man The students My friend My colleagues Some soldiers Five lawyers PREDICATE / VERB study studies is sleeping are reading will stay had come has sneezed are discussing were killed will meet ADJUNCT at school in the class in his room together in Jakarta yesterday many times in the office in the war in the court

SUBJECT I, You, We He, She, It Herman John and Jim The man The students My friend My colleagues Some soldiers Five lawyers PREDICATE / VERB study studies is watching are reading will buy had submitted has written are discussing had killed will help OBJECT English the new lessons the TV programs the text books a new house their homework a short story the problems some enemies the defendant ADJUNCT at school in the class in his room together in Jakarta yesterday many times in the office in the war in the court

SENTENCES TRUE/FALSE We in the garden. True/False The new students of the famous university. True/False John will visit his teacher in the hospital. True/False Jim and Henry are practicing badminton now. True/False The man in the house with his new wife. True/False The big car has crashed two motorcycles. True/False The most beautiful girl in the university. True/False Some diligent students in the class seriously. True/False Two mathematics teachers will come in the meeting. True/False His two younger brothers live in another city. True/False

I hate singing. I had a bad experience with singing. It was when I was in class 1 Junior High School. It was in the music class and my teacher suddently asked me to sing in front of the class. I could not refused it although I did not know what song I had to sing. For a few minutes, I did not do anything and my teacher was getting angry to me. I just kept silent because I forgot all songs that she had taught us. Finally, I started to sing and my teacher was listening to me. After I finished singing, all my friend were laughing. I was very shy. They were laughing because my short pants were wet. Discuss: 1. What is the type of the text? 2. What are the types of the sentences?

Write a story in about 500 words. Tell about your past experiences or any other interesting past events. Submit it in the end of the meeting.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (for; and; nor; but; or; yet; so) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: I have a friend and he lives in Bandung. He studies in UNPAD but his brother studies in UNPAR. He plans to come to Jogja or he will leave for Surabaya next month. He wants to visit Borobudur yet he does not have enough time.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (when; where; but; because; so that; if) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: I had a close friend when I lived in Bandung. He planned to come to Jogja but he cancelled yesterday. He wants to visit Borobudur because he never visit it. The man is sick so his wife sends him to the hospital.

HOME ASSIGNMENT Find an original article from a newspaper or magazine Copy 2 or 3 paragraphs containing at least 10 sentences Identify the clauses and the types of the clauses (adverbial, adjective, or noun clauses) Identify the phrases and identify the types of the phrases (noun, verb, or adjective, or adverbial phrases) Submit together with your mid-term exam answer sheet.

Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a Swedish inventor and philanthropist, bequeathed most of his vast fortune in trust as a fund from which annual prizes could be awarded to individuals and organizations who had achieved the greatest benefit to humanity in a particular year. Originally, there were six classifications for outstanding contributions designated in Nobel’s will including chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature, and international peace. The prizes are administered by the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm. In 1969, a prize for economics endowed by the Central Bank of Sweden was added. Candidates for the prizes must be nominated in writing by a qualified authority in the field of competition. Recipients in physics, chemistry, and economics are selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; in physiology or medicine by the Caroline Institute; in literature by the Swedish Academy; and in peace by the Norwegian Nobel Committee appointed by Norway’s parliament. The prizes are usually presented in Stockholm on December 10, with the King of Sweden officiating, an appropriate tribute to Alfred Nobel on the anniversary of his death. Each one includes a gold medal, a diploma, and a cash award of about one million dollars.

Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a Swedish inventor and philanthropist, bequeathed most of his vast fortune in trust as a fund from which annual prizes could be awarded to individuals and organizations who had achieved the greatest benefit to humanity in a particular year.

Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a Swedish inventor and philanthropist, bequeathed most of his vast fortune in trust as a fund from which annual prizes could be awarded to individuals and organizations who had achieved the greatest benefit to humanity in a particular year.

Originally, there were six classifications for outstanding contributions designated in Nobel’s will including chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature, and international peace.

Originally, there were six classifications for outstanding contributions which are designated in Nobel’s will which are including chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature, and international peace.

Recipients in physics, chemistry, and economics are selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; in physiology or medicine are selected by the Caroline Institute; in literature are selected by the Swedish Academy; and in peace are selected by the Norwegian Nobel Committee appointed by Norway’s parliament.

The man who lives near my house loves the cat which is cute because of three reasons. First, the cat, which is very expensive, is a tame animal, even tamer than a dog. The cat never bites the owner because it recognize the master well. It is a spoil animal. Second, it is easy to care for. The man should not bathe cat. It can find its own food. He should not send it to an pet trainer. Third it has beautiful color. Its color is bright. It has more than two colors. The colors are contrast. Therefore, the man does not buy the other cats.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (when; where; but; because; so that; if) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: I had a close friend when I lived in Bandung. He does not know where he has to live in Jogja. He planned to come to Jogja but he cancelled yesterday. He wants to visit Borobudur because he never visit it. The man is sick so his wife sends him to the hospital.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (when; whenever; since; while; before; after) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: I had a close friend when I lived in Bandung. He always get confused whenever he comes to Jogja. He had studied English since he was in the elementary school. He wrote the letter while he was listening to the music. He had passed away before his wife sent him to the hospital. He got married after he had finished his post graduate school.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (where; wherever; anywhere; any places) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: My friend showed me where he had lived in Jogja last year. He always gets many friends wherever he lives in Jogja. He has promised to study hard anywhere he can study. He always get many customers anyplaces he opens his office.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (but; while; although; eventhough) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: He wants to buy a car but he does not have much money. The man is rich while his brother is very poor. John came to school although it was raining heavily yesterday. She wants to attend the exam though she is sick now. He studies math seriously eventhough she does not neet it.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (because; as; since; for) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: He is studying hard because he wants to pass his exam. Bobby did not go to campus cause he was sick yesterday. They are protesting as the commitee is not fair. We have to pray everyday since it is our obligation. We may not speed up in the busy street for it is dangerous.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (so; that; so. . . . that; such a. . that; therefore ) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: He studied hard everyday, so he passed the English exam. The tea is so hot that we cannot drink it immediately. She cannot cook such delicious food that nobody marries her. It is not such a good car that it is not very expensive. He is too young to marry, therefore he refuses to marry her.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (so that; in order that; in the purpose that ) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: He studies hard everyday so that he can pass the exam. He goes to the library everyday in order that he can read many reference books as many as possible. The man speaks loudly in the purpose that everybody in the class can hear his voice.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (if; even if; unless ) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: He can pass the exam if he studies hard everyday. He goes to the library everyday even if it is on hollydays. All students have to join the exam unless they will not pass.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (as. . . as; more. . . than; . . . er than) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: He can swim as fast as his little son runs. He drives his car faster than he rides his motorcycle. He gets more money than he has spent.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (who; whom; whose; which; that) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: I had a close friend who (a close friend) lived in Bandung. We met the artist whom Andi told (the artist)yesterday. He will meet the man whose (the man’s) car is blocking his house gate. He wants to visit Borobudur which he never visit it. The man reminds his wife that is very beautiful.

HOW TO USE THE CONJUNCTIONS • • • Who ------- for persons, replacing the subject of the subclause. Whom ----- for persons, replacing the object of the sub clause. Whose ----- for both persons and things, showing posessiveness. Which ----- for things, replacing both subject and object. That ------- for both persons and things, replacing both subject and object.

EXAMPLES 1. The students who do not attend the class more than 25% will not get a good score. The students do not attend the class. 2. The teacher whom you met yesterday called me to his class this morning. You met the teacher yesterday. 3. The girl whose shirt is funky is Fandy’s girlfriend. The girl’s shirt is funky. 4. The man that is handsome is always favorite. The man is handsome. 5. The problem that is difficult can be solved together. The problem is difficult

OTHER EXAMPLES 1. The cars which are very big can enter the gate. The cars are very big. 2. The car which he bought last month wins the car competition. He bought the car last month. 3. I have a problem that needs solutions. The problem needs solutions. 4. This is the cat that you gave me last week. You gave me the cat last week.

SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT CONECTOR/CONJUNCTION (that; if/whether; question words) SUBJECT PREDICATE / VERB OBJECT ADJUNCT Examples: They said that they lived in Bandung. He asked the artists if they will play in a new film. He will ask the man whether he will sell his car. He wants to know where he can watch “Laskar Pelangi”. The man reminds his wife to whom she has to meet.

Write a story. Tell about your past experiences or any other interesting past events. Submit it in the end of the meeting.

HOME ASSIGNMENT IDENTIFY THE CLAUSES AND THE PHRASES According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms on the surface of the sun hurl streams of solar particles into the atmosphere, causing a shift in the weather on earth. A typical sunspot consists of a dark central umbra surrounded by lighter penumbra of light and dark threads extending out form the center like the spokes of a whel. Actually, the sunspots are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their color. Typically, the temperature in sunspot umbra is about 4000 K, whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers 5500 K, and granules outside the spot are 6000 K. Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of the spots are large enough so that they can be seen without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for several thousand years. Sunspots have been observed in arrangements of one to more than one hundred spots, but they tend to occur in pairs. There is also a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite magnetic polarities. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field associated with any given sunspot is closely related to the spot’s size. Although there is no theory that completely explains the nature and function sunspots, several models attempt to relate the phenomenon to magnetic fields along the lines of longitude from the north and south poles of the sun.

HOME ASSIGNMENT IDENTIFY THE CLAUSES AND THE PHRASES Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned undersea vehicles along with breakthroughs in satellite technology and computer equipment have overcome some of the limitationsof divers and diving equipment. Without a vehicle, divers often became sluggish and their mental concentration was limited. Because of undersea pressure that affected their speech organs, communication among divers was difficult or impossible. But today, most oceanographers make direct observations by means of instruments that are lowered into the ocean, from samples taken from the water, or from photographs made by orbiting satellites. Direct observation of the ocean floor are made not only by divers but also by deepdiving submarines and aerial photography. Some of the submarines can dive to depths of more than seven miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand feet. In addition, radio-equiipped buoys can be operated by remote control in order to transmit information back to land-based laboratories, often via satellite. Particularly important are data about water temperature, currents and weather. Satellite photographs can show the distribution of sea ice, oil slicks, and cloud formations over the ocean. Maps created from satellite pictures can represent the temperature and the color of the ocean’s surface, enabling researchers to study the ocean currents. Furthermore, computers help oceanographers to collect and analyze data from submarines and satellites. By creating a model of the ocean’s movement and characteristics, scientists can predict the patterns and possible effects of the ocean on the environment. Recently, many oceanographers have been relying more on satellites and computers than on research ships or even submarine vehicles because they can supply a grater range of information more quickly and more efficiently. Some of makind’s most serious problems, especially those concerning energy and food, may be solved with the help of observations made possible by this new technology.

HOME ASSIGNMENT IDENTIFY THE CLAUSES AND THE PHRASES Although stage plays have been set to music since the era ancient Greeks, when the dramas of Sophocles and Aeschylus were accompanied by lyres and flutes, the usually accepted date for the beginning of opera as we know it is 1600. As part of the celebration of the marriage of King Henry IV of France to the Italian aristocrat Maria de Medici, the Florentine composer Jacopo Peri Produced his famous Euridice, generally considered to be the fisrt opera. Following his example, a group of Italian musicians, poets, and noblemen called the Camerata began to revive the style of musical story that had been used in Greek tragedy. The Camerata took most of the plots for their operas from Greek and Roman history and mythology, writing liberettos or dramas for music. They called their compositions opera in musica or musical works. It is from this phrase that the word “opera” is borrowed. For several years, the center of opera was Florence, but gradually, during the baroque period, it spread throughout Italy. By the late 1600 s, operas were being written and performed in Europe, especially in England, France, and Germany. But, for many years, the Italian opera was considered the ideal, and many non-Italian composers continued to use Italian librettos. The European from de-emphasized the dramatic aspec. New orchestral effects and even ballet were introduced under the guise of opera. Composers gave in to the demands of singers, writing many operas that were nothing more than a succession of brilliant tricks for the voice. Complicated arias, recitatives, and duets evolved. The aria, which is a long solo, may be compared to a song in which the characters express their thoughts and feelings. The recitative, which is also a solo, is a recitation set to music whose purpose is to continue the story line. The duet is a musical piece written for two voices which may serve the unction of either and aria or a recitative.