CASUALTIES OF WARS FINDINGS SNAPSHOTS 13 COMPARISON ANNAHAR

CASUALTIES OF WARS FINDINGS SNAPSHOTS

13 COMPARISON AN-NAHAR VS. AS-SAFIR : 15+ DEATH IN 663 DAYS ﻓﻮﻕ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻗﺘﻴﻼ ١٥ - ﻳﻮﻣ ٦٦٣ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﺻﺤﻴﻔﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ 70, 000 60, 091 60, 000 50, 000 40, 000 30, 000 45, 114 34, 293 23, 188 20, 000 10, 000 - Death ﻗﺘﻠﻰ Wounded ﺟﺮﺣﻰ An-Nahar As-Safir

4. 2 8. 2 9. 0 7. 8 3. 9 6. 5 6. 0 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 Death ﻗﺘﻠﻰ Wounded ﺟﺮﺣﻰ 0. 0 2003 0. 0 2004 0. 0 2006 1. 5 0. 1 0. 2 0. 0 2005 0. 0 0. 2 2000 2001 0. 0 0. 2 0. 3 1999 0. 3 1997 0. 2 0. 3 0. 5 1996 1998 0. 3 0. 4 1995 0. 5 1. 0 1993 0. 5 0. 3 0. 4 1992 1994 0. 6 0. 7 3. 0 3. 9 1990 1991 3. 0 4. 7 1. 8 2. 4 1988 1989 2. 5 1987 3. 1 4. 8 7. 9 1986 9. 2 3. 2 2. 4 9. 0 6. 4 2. 7 1980 1. 7 1979 0. 3 3. 6 0. 6 1978 1977 20. 0 34. 2 20. 4 40. 0 1976 6. 1 4. 1 10. 0 1975 15 SHARE OF CASUALTIES : PER YEAR ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ 60. 0 50. 0 30. 0

16 TOTAL CASUALTIES : BY DISTRICT ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻀﺤﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ 60, 000 50, 000 40, 000 36, 184 30, 000 20, 000 18, 447 0 Beirut 11, 243 7, 509 9, 261 5, 028 Mount Lebanon North Death ﻗﺘﻠﻰ 15, 889 6, 063 South Wounded ﺟﺮﺣﻰ 4, 025 2, 271 Bekaa 25, 143 8, 776 Mixed Districts

29 FIELD EXECUTIONS ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻋﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ 55 field executions were performed between 1975 and 1993. Who are the top 3 groups responsible for the highest number of executions? 55 field executions took place between 1975 and 2006; mainly performed by Palestinian factions (12), Amal Movement (9) and the National Resistance in South of Lebanon (7). ﻋﺪﺩ ﺃﻜﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻷﻄﺮﺍﻑ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ . ١٩٩٣ ﻭ ١٩٧٥ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻧﻴ ﺇﻋﺪﺍﻣ ٥٥ ﻧﻔﺬ ﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ؟ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ (٧) ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ (٩) ﺃﻤﻞ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ،(١٢) ﺍﻟﻔﻠﺴﻄﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﺎﺋﻞ

TIMELINE EXCERPTS LEBANON KEY EVENTS

41 Arab Deterrent Force deploys in Beirut. Lebanese territory controlled by a large number of militias TIMELINE EXCERPTS ON LEBANON KEY EVENTS 1975 - 2006 Amin Gemayel elected President of the Republic Elias Sarkis elected President of the Republic Massacres of Sabra and Shatila camps Syrian army enters Beirut and is confronted by the National Movement Beirut split into two sectors: West Beirut (Muslim) and East Beirut (Christian) 1976 1975 Southern Lebanon’s border control assigned to SLA (South Lebanon Army) supported by Israel invades southern Lebanon 1977 Clashes expand between Christian militias and the National Movement (Palestinians & Lebanese leftists) Black Thursday & Black Saturday sectarian killings in Beirut Assassination of MP Kamal Jumblat, followed by violence against civilians and population displacements Bashir Gemayel elected President of the Republic Safra battle between the Phalangists & National Liberal Party 1979 Multinational forces start withdrawing from Lebanon U. S. Warship New Jersey bombs Syrian positions in the Bekaa and Mount Lebanon Arrival of French, US and Italian troops within multinational force mandate National Movement seizes Lebanese Forces’ positions in the mountain and suburbs of Beirut Battles in Tripoli between the Syrian army and fundamentalist militias Two opposing governments formed headed by Salim El-Hoss and General Michel Aoun Syrian army invades the presidential palace Israel expands its invasion and enters the capital Beirut “February 6” uprising and the expulsion of the Lebanese army from West Beirut Start of a second camps’ war between Amal Movement and Palestinians Clashes escalate between Amal Movement and Hezbollah in southern Beirut General Michel Aoun launches the “Extermination War” against the Lebanese Forces 1981 Battle of Zahle. Syrian Army besieges the Lebanese Forces in Zahle Israel bombs several Palestinian sites in Beirut 1983 1988 1986 1984 1982 1980 1978 Civil War triggers Ain El Remmaneh clashes and bus aggression Palestinian forces evacuates Beirut to Tunisia Battle of Ehden and assassination of MP Tony Franjieh Storming of Karantina & battle of Damour Start of the siege and battle of Tel Zaatar, Dbayeh and Jisr El-Basha camps. President elect Bashir Gemayel assassinated Start of 100 -day war between the Syrian army and Christian militias 1985 1987 Suicide bomber attack Escalation of Clashes destroys U. S. between Amal organized operations Embassy in Beirut Movement and against Israeli forces the Alliance of War of the mountains Fighting heats up in Progressive between PSP & LF Beirut btw Mourabitoun Socialist / triggers population movement & the PSP Communist displacements in Party Chouf, Aley & Baabda Start of the camps’ war between Amal Suicide bomber Movement and the Start of direct attacks US &French Palestinians targeting of Israeli forces HQ in Beirut Army and SLA’s Israeli troops initiate positions and Clashes erupt btw the partial withdrawal fm patrols Palestinians &Syrian the border strip in army in Tripoli with the southern Lebanon participation of Tripartite agreement Palestinian dissidents signed in Damascus btw Yasser Arafat & 400 main militias. Tension Palestinian fighters rises btw Christian evacuate Tripoli under forces following this protection of French agreement Forces 1990 1989 General Michel Aoun declares the “Liberation War” against the Syrian army Battle of Souk el Gharb: Progressive Socialist Party with the support of the Syrian army against the Lebanese Army with the support of the Lebanese Forces Rene Moawad elected President of the Republic President Rene Moawad assassinated Elias Hrawi elected President of the Republic

42 TIMELINE EXCERPTS ON LEBANON KEY EVENTS 1975 - 2006 Lebanese Army starts deploying in Southern Lebanon after an absence of 40 years Israel perpetrates Qana massacre Israel assassinates Hezbollah Secretary General, Sheikh Abbas al-Musawi Signing of the "defense and security" treaty between Syria and Lebanon Lebanese army controls Palestinian bases and the port of Sidon 1993 Israel’s heaviest shelling on Southern Lebanon since 1982 1995 President Elias Hrawi’s mandate extended for three years General Emile Lahoud elected President of the Republic 1998 1996 1994 1992 1991 Israel attacks Lebanon through operation “Grapes of Wrath” 1997 2000 1999 Minister Pierre Gemayel assassinated Israeli forces withdraw from Lebanon with the exception of Shebaa Farms President Emile Lahoud mandate extended for three years 2002 2001 Israel’s war against Hezbollah on all Lebanese territory Hezbollah kidnaps Israeli soldiers 2006 2004 2003 2005 Former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri assassinated Last Syrian troops exit Lebanon Journalist Samir Kassir and political activist George Hawi assassinated MP Gebran Tueini assassinated