AUSTRALIAN ARMY CADETS CADET ADVANCED RADIO OPERATORS COURSE

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AUSTRALIAN ARMY CADETS CADET ADVANCED RADIO OPERATORS COURSE

AUSTRALIAN ARMY CADETS CADET ADVANCED RADIO OPERATORS COURSE

Command Post Radio Operator’s Course ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Command Post Radio Operator’s Course ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Topic 5 ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Topic 5 ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Establishing Communications ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Establishing Communications ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Phases of opening a net ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Phases of opening a net ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Phases of opening a net • Preliminary instructions ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Phases of opening a net • Preliminary instructions ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Phases of opening a net • Preliminary instructions • Initial calls ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin

Phases of opening a net • Preliminary instructions • Initial calls ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Phases of opening a net • Preliminary instructions • Initial calls • Amplifying reports

Phases of opening a net • Preliminary instructions • Initial calls • Amplifying reports ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Phases of opening a net Preliminary instructions ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Phases of opening a net Preliminary instructions ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Before the net opens all operators must be supplied with preliminary instructions regarding the

Before the net opens all operators must be supplied with preliminary instructions regarding the working of the net. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

SIGNAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS (SOI's) ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

SIGNAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS (SOI's) ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Preliminary instructions are contained in Signal Operating instructions (SOIs) ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Preliminary instructions are contained in Signal Operating instructions (SOIs) ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations + callsigns ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations + callsigns • frequencies ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations + callsigns • frequencies • collective callsigns ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations + callsigns • frequencies • collective callsigns • net identification callsign ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations + callsigns • frequencies • collective callsigns • net identification callsign • codes ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations + callsigns • frequencies • collective callsigns • net identification callsign • codes • code words and nicknames ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations + callsigns • frequencies • collective callsigns • net identification callsign • codes • code words and nicknames • time net is to open ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • net organization - net diagram and/or list of stations + callsigns • frequencies • collective callsigns • net identification callsign • codes • code words and nicknames • time net is to open • net security measures ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • SOIs change daily ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • SOIs change daily ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • SOIs change daily • One days’s SOIs per page

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • SOIs change daily • One days’s SOIs per page ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • SOIs change daily • One days’s SOIs per page

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) • SOIs change daily • One days’s SOIs per page • Maximum of 7 days pages carried at . . any one time ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: • User’s name

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: • User’s name group ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: • User’s name

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: • User’s name group • Frequency groups and frequency designator allocations ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: • User’s name

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: • User’s name group • Frequency groups and frequency designator allocations • Callsign allocation group ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: • User’s name

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) LAYOUT • Booklet – 4 main parts: • User’s name group • Frequency groups and frequency designator allocations • Callsign allocation group • Nickname allocation

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) User’s name group ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) User’s name group ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) User’s name group • usually at top of SOI ©LTCOL

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) User’s name group • usually at top of SOI ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) User’s name group • usually at top of SOI •

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) User’s name group • usually at top of SOI • user’s unit and date-time group (DTG) ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) User’s name group • usually at top of SOI •

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) User’s name group • usually at top of SOI • user’s unit and date-time group (DTG) • indicates net type (e. g. COMD or ADMIN) ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Frequency groups ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Frequency groups ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Frequency groups • priority (PRI) frequency ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Frequency groups • priority (PRI) frequency ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Frequency groups • priority (PRI) frequency • alternate (ALT) frequency

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Frequency groups • priority (PRI) frequency • alternate (ALT) frequency ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Frequency groups • priority (PRI) frequency • alternate (ALT) frequency

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Frequency groups • priority (PRI) frequency • alternate (ALT) frequency • designator allocation – i. e. nickname – for each allocation ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Callsign allocation group ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Callsign allocation group ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Callsign allocation group • net callsign ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Callsign allocation group • net callsign ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Callsign allocation group • net callsign • collective callsigns ©LTCOL

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Callsign allocation group • net callsign • collective callsigns ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Nickname allocation ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Nickname allocation ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Nickname allocation • for change of frequencies ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Nickname allocation • for change of frequencies ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Nickname allocation • for change of frequencies • to countermand

Signal Operating Instructions (SOIs) Nickname allocation • for change of frequencies • to countermand order ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF SOI – PAGE 1 ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF SOI – PAGE 1 ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF SOI – PAGE 2 ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF SOI – PAGE 2 ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

INITIAL CALLS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

INITIAL CALLS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

INITIAL CALLS • at time designated for opening of net, NCS makes an ‘initial

INITIAL CALLS • at time designated for opening of net, NCS makes an ‘initial call’ to all stations ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

INITIAL CALLS • at time designated for opening of net, NCS makes an ‘initial

INITIAL CALLS • at time designated for opening of net, NCS makes an ‘initial call’ to all stations • NCS uses proword ‘RADIO CHECK’ ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

INITIAL CALLS • at time designated for opening of net, NCS makes ‘initial call’

INITIAL CALLS • at time designated for opening of net, NCS makes ‘initial call’ to all stations • NCS uses proword ‘RADIO CHECK’ • RADIO CHECK means ‘what is my RADIO CHECK signal strength & readability? ’ ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

INITIAL CALLS • Substations then reply in correct answering order, stating how they hear

INITIAL CALLS • Substations then reply in correct answering order, stating how they hear the NCS. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal . . . strength: ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal . . . strength: • LOUD ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal . . . strength: • LOUD Your signal strength is excellent ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal . . . strength: • LOUD • GOOD Your signal strength is excellent ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

 SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal. . . strength: • LOUD • GOOD Your signal strength is excellent Your signal strength is good ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

 SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal. . . strength: • LOUD • GOOD • WEAK Your signal strength is excellent Your signal strength is good ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

 SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal. . . strength: • LOUD • GOOD • WEAK Your signal strength is excellent Your signal strength is good Your signal strength is weak ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

 SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal. . . strength: • LOUD Your signal strength is excellent • GOOD Your signal strength is good • WEAK Your signal strength is weak • VERY WEAK ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

 SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal. . . strength: • LOUD Your signal strength is excellent • GOOD Your signal strength is good • WEAK Your signal strength is weak • VERY WEAK Your signal strength is very weak ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

 SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal. . . strength: • LOUD Your signal strength is excellent • GOOD Your signal strength is good • WEAK Your signal strength is weak • VERY WEAK Your signal strength is very weak • FADING ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

 SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report

SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS – INITIAL CALL • Substations use these prowords to report signal. . . strength: • LOUD Your signal strength is excellent • GOOD Your signal strength is good • WEAK Your signal strength is weak • VERY WEAK Your signal strength is very weak • FADING Your signal strength at times fades so that continuous reception cannot be relied upon ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

SUMMARY – SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS PROWORD SIGNAL STRENGTH IS… • LOUD excellent • GOOD

SUMMARY – SIGNAL STRENGTH PROWORDS PROWORD SIGNAL STRENGTH IS… • LOUD excellent • GOOD good • WEAK weak • VERY WEAK very weak • FADING fades – continuous reception cannot be relied upon ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

 DO NOT SAY ‘LOUD AND CLEAR’ THE CORRECT PROWORD IS: ‘ROGER’ ©LTCOL G.

DO NOT SAY ‘LOUD AND CLEAR’ THE CORRECT PROWORD IS: ‘ROGER’ ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF NET CALL Stations on this net are 0 A (NCS), 11, 12,

EXAMPLE OF NET CALL Stations on this net are 0 A (NCS), 11, 12, 13 and 14 11 13 0 A 12 14

EXAMPLE OF NET CALL Net callsign is Xray Papa (XP) in the following example

EXAMPLE OF NET CALL Net callsign is Xray Papa (XP) in the following example 11 XP 13 0 A 12 14

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates call: ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates call: ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – RADIO CHECK – OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – RADIO CHECK – OVER” 11 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 11 - (ROGER) – OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – RADIO CHECK – OVER” 11 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 11 - (ROGER) - OVER” 12 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 12 – WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – RADIO CHECK – OVER” 11 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 11 - (ROGER) - OVER” 12 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 12 – WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER” 13 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 13 – LOUD WITH INTERFERENCE - OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – RADIO CHECK – OVER” 11 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 11 - (ROGER) - OVER” 12 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 12 – WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER” 13 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 13 – LOUD WITH INTERFERENCE - OVER” 14 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 14 – (ROGER) – OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – RADIO CHECK – OVER” 11 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 11 - (ROGER) - OVER” 12 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 12 – WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER” 13 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 13 – LOUD WITH INTERFERENCE - OVER” 14 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 14 – (ROGER) – OVER” Why does this last transmission end in ‘OVER’?

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS

EXAMPLE OF INITIAL CALL NCS (0 A) initiates the call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – RADIO CHECK – OVER” 11 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 11 - (ROGER) - OVER” 12 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 12 – WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER” 13 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 13 – LOUD WITH INTERFERENCE - OVER” 14 replies: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 14 – (ROGER) – OVER” Conversation is not yet ended – continues with reports of strength and readability……

REPORTING STRENGTHS AND READABILITY

REPORTING STRENGTHS AND READABILITY

Amplifying report ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Amplifying report ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Once an initial call has been made, it is followed by an amplifying report.

Once an initial call has been made, it is followed by an amplifying report. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Once an initial call has been made, it is followed by an amplifying report.

Once an initial call has been made, it is followed by an amplifying report. The NCS requests substations to ’REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY’. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Once an initial call has been made, it is Once initial call has been

Once an initial call has been made, it is Once initial call has been made, it is followed by an amplifying report. The NCS requests substations to ‘REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY’. Substations answer in turn, reporting signal strength and readability of how they hear NCS. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Once an initial call has been made, it is Once initial call has been

Once an initial call has been made, it is Once initial call has been made, it is followed by an amplifying report. The NCS requests substations to REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY. Substations answer in turn, reporting signal strength and readability of how they hear NCS waits for all stations to reply, then acknowledges their reports, indicating strength & readability of unsatisfactory stations ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Once an initial call has been made, it is Once initial call has been

Once an initial call has been made, it is Once initial call has been made, it is followed by an amplifying report. The NCS requests substations to REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY. Substations then answer in turn, reporting signal strength and readability of how they hear the NCS waits for all stations to reply, then acknowledges their reports, indicating strength & readability of unsatisfactory stations Stations not mentioned by NCS are assumed to have good strength and readability. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFYING REPORTS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFYING REPORTS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues after radio check shown in

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues after radio check shown in previous example: ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues after radio check shown in previous example:

AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues after radio check shown in previous example: Stations report only those other stations which are not LOUD and CLEAR (i. e. not ‘ROGER’) ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – 12 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – 12 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY – ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – 12 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY – OVER" ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – 12 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY – OVER" 11 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 11 – 12 NOTHING HEARD – 13 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – 12 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY – OVER" 11 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 11 – 12 NOTHING HEARD – 13 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" 12 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 12 – 11 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – 14 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – 12 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY – OVER" 11 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 11 – 12 NOTHING HEARD – 13 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" 12 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 12 – 11 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – 14 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" 13 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 13 – ROGER – OVER" ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: "X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – 12 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY – OVER" 11 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 11 – 12 NOTHING HEARD – 13 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" 12 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 12 – 11 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – 14 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" 13 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 13 – ROGER – OVER" 14 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 14 – 13 WEAK WITH INTERFERENCE – OVER" ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X

EXAMPLE OF AMPLIFYING REPORT FOLLOWING INITIAL CALL NCS continues on from initial call: “X RAY PAPA – THIS IS 0 A – 11 WEAK BUT READABLE – 12 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – REPORT STRENGTHS AND READABILITY – OVER" 11 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 11 – 12 NOTHING HEARD – 13 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" 12 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 12 – 11 LOUD BUT DISTORTED – 14 WEAK BUT READABLE – OVER" 13 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 13 – ROGER – OVER" 14 replies: "(0 A) – (THIS IS) 14 – 13 WEAK WITH INTERFERENCE – OVER" The originating station (0 A) ends the conversation: "XRAY PAPA– (THIS IS) 10 A – OUT"

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH (……. . . ) INTERFERENCE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH SLIGHT INTERFERENCE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH SLIGHT INTERFERENCE WITH MODERATE INTERFERENCE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH SLIGHT INTERFERENCE WITH MODERATE INTERFERENCE WITH SEVERE INTERFERENCE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH SLIGHT INTERFERENCE WITH MODERATE INTERFERENCE WITH SEVERE INTERFERENCE WITH EXTREME INTERFERENCE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH SLIGHT INTERFERENCE WITH MODERATE INTERFERENCE WITH SEVERE INTERFERENCE WITH EXTREME INTERFERENCE FADING ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH SLIGHT INTERFERENCE WITH MODERATE INTERFERENCE WITH SEVERE INTERFERENCE WITH EXTREME INTERFERENCE FADING – ‘AT TIMES YOUR SIGNAL DECREASES IN STRENGTH SO THAT CONTINUOUS RECEPTION CANNOT BE RELIED UPON’ ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH SLIGHT INTERFERENCE WITH MODERATE INTERFERENCE WITH SEVERE INTERFERENCE WITH EXTREME INTERFERENCE FADING – ‘AT TIMES YOUR SIGNAL DECREASES IN STRENGTH SO THAT CONTINUOUS RECEPTION CANNOT BE RELIED UPON’ DISTORTED ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of

AMPLIFIED REPORT ON INTERFERENCE These prowords may be used to amplify a report of difficulty in reading a signal due to interference WITH SLIGHT INTERFERENCE WITH MODERATE INTERFERENCE WITH SEVERE INTERFERENCE WITH EXTREME INTERFERENCE FADING – ‘AT TIMES YOUR SIGNAL DECREASES IN STRENGTH SO THAT CONTINUOUS RECEPTION CANNOT BE RELIED UPON’ DISTORTED – ‘I AM HAVING TROUBLE READING YOUR SIGNAL BECAUSE IT IS DISTORTED’

Procedure if station fails to join the net

Procedure if station fails to join the net

Procedure if station fails to join the net When a substation fails to answer

Procedure if station fails to join the net When a substation fails to answer in proper sequence, it must : ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Procedure if station fails to join the net When a substation fails to answer

Procedure if station fails to join the net When a substation fails to answer in proper sequence, it must : wait until all other substations have answered ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Procedure if station fails to join the net If NCS does not receive a

Procedure if station fails to join the net If NCS does not receive a reply to the final request, NCS transmits : ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Procedure if station fails to join the net If NCS does not receive a

Procedure if station fails to join the net If NCS does not receive a reply to the final request, NCS transmits : ‘NOTHING HEARD’ ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Procedure if station fails to join the net When able to join net, substation

Procedure if station fails to join the net When able to join net, substation reports in, using proword: ‘REPORTING INTO THE NET’ REPORTING INTO THE NET ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Procedure if station fails to join the net When able to join net, substation

Procedure if station fails to join the net When able to join net, substation reports in using proword: ‘REPORTING INTO THE NET’ Authentication is then mandatory on Army nets but not AAC nets

Procedure if station fails to join the net If that substation fails to report

Procedure if station fails to join the net If that substation fails to report in after the last response, the NCS will : ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

Procedure if station fails to join the net If that substation fails to report

Procedure if station fails to join the net If that substation fails to report in after the last response, the NCS will : wait 5 seconds, then initiate a new wait 5 seconds preliminary call to preliminary call that substation. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET Substation 12 joins the net after

EXAMPLE OF FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET Substation 12 joins the net after it has already been opened ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET Substation 12 joins the net after

EXAMPLE OF FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET Substation 12 joins the net after it has already been opened 12 initiates call: “ 0 A - THIS IS 12 – REPORTING INTO THE NET – OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET Substation 12 joins the net after

EXAMPLE OF FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET Substation 12 joins the net after it has already been opened 12 initiates call: “ 0 A - THIS IS 12 – REPORTING INTO THE NET – OVER” NCS (0 A) replies: “(12) - (THIS IS) 0 A - (ROGER) - OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET Substation 12 joins the net after

EXAMPLE OF FIXED STATION JOINING A WORKING NET Substation 12 joins the net after it has already been opened 12 initiates call: “ 0 A - THIS IS 12 – REPORTING INTO THE NET – OVER” NCS (0 A) replies: “(12) - (THIS IS) 0 A - (ROGER) - OVER” 12 (the initiating station) ends: “(0 A) - (THIS IS) 12 – OUT”

STATION-TO-STATION RADIO CHECKS A station experiencing difficulties may request a RADIO CHECK with one

STATION-TO-STATION RADIO CHECKS A station experiencing difficulties may request a RADIO CHECK with one or more stations. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

STATION-TO-STATION RADIO CHECKS A station experiencing difficulties may request a RADIO CHECK with one

STATION-TO-STATION RADIO CHECKS A station experiencing difficulties may request a RADIO CHECK with one or more stations. The calling station will – in its reply – give a report of signal strength and readability to the other stations which it called. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

TIME CHECKS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

TIME CHECKS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

TIME CHECKS Using the approved proword ‘TIME CHECK AT’ ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

TIME CHECKS Using the approved proword ‘TIME CHECK AT’ ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call (wants to check time at 0930 hrs):

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call (wants to check time at 0930 hrs): “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A - TIME CHECK AT Zero Nine Three Zero. . . ” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A - TIME CHECK AT Zero Nine Three Zero. . . ” The NCS then pauses for sufficiently long to enable operators to prepare their watches. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A - TIME CHECK AT Zero Nine Three Zero. . . ” The NCS then pauses for sufficiently long to enable operators to prepare their watches. NCS then continues with a countdown: “ 15 seconds - 10 seconds - 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1 – T I M E – [quote correct time, for example 0930] – OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A - TIME CHECK AT Zero Nine Three Zero. . . ” The NCS then pauses for sufficiently long to enable operators to prepare their watches. NCS then continues with a countdown: “ 15 seconds - 10 seconds - 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1 - TIME [quote correct time, for example 0930] – OVER” All stations reply in turn: “[Callsign] - ROGER - OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A - TIME CHECK AT Zero Nine Three Zero. . . ” The NCS then pauses for sufficiently long to enable operators to prepare their watches. NCS then continues with a countdown: “ 15 seconds - 10 seconds - 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1 - TIME [quote correct time, for example 0930] – OVER” All stations reply in turn: “[Callsign] - ROGER - OVER” Time checks are to be given in local 24 -hour time unless otherwise requested or directed. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A

EXAMPLE OF TIME CHECK NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A - TIME CHECK AT Zero Nine Three Zero. . . ” The NCS then pauses for sufficiently long to enable operators to prepare their watches. NCS then continues with a countdown: “ 15 seconds - 10 seconds - 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1 - TIME [quote correct time, for example 0930] – OVER” All stations reply in turn: “[Callsign] - ROGER - OUT” Time checks are to be given in local 24 -hour time unless otherwise requested or directed. The time zone suffix (i. e. ZULU or KILO) is NOT to be included in the time check. ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

CLOSING DOWN PROCEDURE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

CLOSING DOWN PROCEDURE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE PIE’ ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE PIE’ NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – APPLE PIE - OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE PIE’ NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – APPLE PIE’ - OVER” All stations answer in turn: [callsign] APPLE PIE - OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE PIE’ NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – APPLE PIE’ - OVER” All stations answer in turn: [callsign] APPLE PIE - OVER” NCS then transmits executive order to enforce closure: ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE

EXAMPLE OF CLOSING DOWN INITIATED BY NCS Pre-arranged nickname in this example is ‘APPLE PIE’ NCS initiates call: “XRAY PAPA - THIS IS 0 A – APPLE PIE’ - OVER” All stations answer in turn: [callsign] APPLE PIE - OVER” NCS then transmits executive order to enforce closure: “(XP) - (THIS IS) 0 A – APPLE PIE - OUT” APPLE PIE ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF ONE STATION CLOSING DOWN FOR MINOR OR TECHNICAL REASONS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin

EXAMPLE OF ONE STATION CLOSING DOWN FOR MINOR OR TECHNICAL REASONS ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF ONE STATION CLOSING DOWN FOR MINOR OR TECHNICAL REASONS 14 A initiates

EXAMPLE OF ONE STATION CLOSING DOWN FOR MINOR OR TECHNICAL REASONS 14 A initiates call: “ 0 A - THIS IS 14 - CLOSING DOWN - battery change - OVER” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

EXAMPLE OF ONE STATION CLOSING DOWN FOR MINOR OR TECHNICAL REASONS 14 A initiates

EXAMPLE OF ONE STATION CLOSING DOWN FOR MINOR OR TECHNICAL REASONS 14 A initiates call: “ 0 A - THIS IS 14 - CLOSING DOWN - battery change - OVER” NCS authorises the close down: “(14) - (THIS IS) 0 A – C LOSE DOWN - OUT” ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

OR UCT R T INS ANY QUESTIONS? ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011

OR UCT R T INS ANY QUESTIONS? ©LTCOL G. Newman-Martin 2011