1 Introduction to The Dental Profession History of

1 Introduction to The Dental Profession

History of Dentistry • Early times – Herodotus – Hesi-Re – Hippocrates • Book On Affections • Oath of Hippocrates – Aristotle • Oral hygiene 2

History of Dentistry • Later progress – Guy de Chauliac • Surgeon from France • Rules for oral hygiene – Leonardo da Vinci • First to distinguish between molars and premolars 3

History of Dentistry • Later progress – Pierre Fauchard • Founder of modern dentistry • Rejected idea of tooth worm • Treated caries and diseased gingiva – Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen • Discovered x-rays 4

Progress of Dentistry in the United States • Robert Woofendale and John Baker – First to advertise dental services • John Greenwood – George Washington’s favorite dentist – Made George Washington’s dental prosthesis 5

Progress of Dentistry in the United States • Paul Revere – Created artificial teeth and surgical instruments • Josiah Flagg – Skilled surgeon – Constructed the dental chair 6

Progress of Dentistry in the United States • James B. Morrison – Created first dental engine with handpiece, motor, and foot treadle 7

Education and Organized Dentistry • Horace H. Hayden – Writer and lecturer on dental topics • Chapin A. Harris – Created and contributed to library of dental literature 8

Education and Organized Dentistry • Dr. Greene Vardiman Black – “Grand old man of dentistry” – Invented machines and instruments used in dentistry 9

Education and Organized Dentistry • Lucy Beaman Hobbs • Dr. Robert Tanner Freeman • Ida Gray 10

Education and Organized Dentistry • American Dental Association (ADA) – Horace Hayden and Chapin Harris organized this nationwide association of dentists – American Journal of Dental Science – Today, each state has a local or regional ADA branch office 11

The Dental Team • • • Dentists Dental hygienists Dental laboratory technicians Dental assistants Support staff 12

Dentists • Requirements – Undergraduate education – Graduation from a dental school approved by the ADA, Commission on Dental Accreditation 13

Dentists • Education – Three to four years of undergraduate work – Four years of dental school • Five required at Harvard University 14

Dental Specialties • Dental public health – Specialty concerned with the prevention of dental disease – Public health dentist works with the community to promote dental health 15

Dental Specialties • Endodontics – Specialty concerned with the pathology and morphology of the dental pulp and surrounding tissues due to injury and disease 16

Dental Specialties • Oral and maxillofacial pathology – Specialty concerned with the diagnosis and nature of the diseases that affect the oral cavity 17

Dental Specialties • Oral and maxillofacial radiology – Images and data produced by all modalities of radiant energy • For diagnosing and management of disorders of the oral and maxillofacial region 18

Dental Specialties • Oral and maxillofacial surgery – Specialty concerned with the diagnosis and surgical treatment of the oral and maxillofacial region due to injury, disease, and defects 19

Dental Specialties • Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics – Specialty concerned with the diagnosis, supervision, guidance, and correction of the malocclusion in the dentofacial structures 20

Dental Specialties • Pediatric dentistry – Specialty concerned with the prevention of oral disease and the diagnosis and treatment of oral care in children • From birth through adolescence 21

Dental Specialties • Periodontics – Specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the supporting and surrounding tissues of the tooth 22

Dental Specialties • Prosthodontics – Specialty concerned with the diagnosis, restoration, and maintenance of oral functions 23

Dental Hygienists • Dr. Alfred Civilon Fones – Developed first school of dental hygiene in 1913 • American Dental Hygienists’ Association (ADHA) 24

Dental Laboratory Technicians • Many are graduates of a two-year ADAaccredited dental laboratory technician program • Formal education is not required 25

Dental Laboratory Technicians • Examination to become certified dental technicians (CDTs) • American Dental Laboratory Technician Association (ADLTA) 26

Dental Assistants • Dr. C. Edmund Kells – Hired a “Lady Assistant” to be “quick, quiet, gentle, and attentive” – “Ladies in Attendance” 27

Dental Assistants • • Dental Assisting National Board (DANB) Certified Dental Assistant (CDA) Dental receptionists American Dental Assistants Association (ADAA) 28

Dental Assistants • Juliette Southard – Founder and first president of the American Dental Assistants Association 29