New States with Heavy Quarks Marek Karliner with

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New States with Heavy Quarks Marek Karliner with B. Keren-Zur, H. J. Lipkin, J.

New States with Heavy Quarks Marek Karliner with B. Keren-Zur, H. J. Lipkin, J. Rosner and N. Tornqvist ar. Xiv: 1109. 3472 From to , BINP Novosibirsk, 20 Sep. 2011

Outline • spin-spin interaction between quarks – “color magnetic” • same constituent quark masses

Outline • spin-spin interaction between quarks – “color magnetic” • same constituent quark masses in mesons and baryons • known baryons + mesons predictions for new heavy baryons: magnetic moments & masses • apps to heavy exotic QQqq mesons predictions for Belle • Belle 5/2001: two Z_b(I=1) exotic mesons ~@ B+B*, B*+B* additional, more deeply bound states with I=0 M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 2

Constituent Quark Models (CQM) • QCD describes hadrons as valence quarks in a sea

Constituent Quark Models (CQM) • QCD describes hadrons as valence quarks in a sea of gluons and q-qbar pairs. • at low E, χSB • quark constituent mass • hadron can be considered as a bound state of constituent quarks. • Sakharov-Zeldovich formula: M = åm i i • the binding & kinetic energies “swallowed” by the constituent quarks masses. M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 3

Color Hyperfine (HF) interaction • 1 st correction – color hyperfine (chromo -magnetic) interaction

Color Hyperfine (HF) interaction • 1 st correction – color hyperfine (chromo -magnetic) interaction • A contact interaction • Analogous to the EM hyperfine interaction – a product of the magnetic moments. • In QCD, SU(3) generators take the place of the electric charge. M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 4

Constituent Quark Model: caveat emptor • a low energy limit, phenomenological model • still

Constituent Quark Model: caveat emptor • a low energy limit, phenomenological model • still awaiting derivation from QCD • far from providing a full explanation of the hadronic spectrum, but it provides excellent predictions for mass splittings and magnetic moments • assumptions: • HF interaction considered as a perturbation • does not change the wave function • same masses for quarks inside mesons and baryons. • no 3 -body effects. M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 5

constituent quark mass ratios • example II: • extracting quark masses ratio: M. Karliner,

constituent quark mass ratios • example II: • extracting quark masses ratio: M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 6

color hyperfine splitting in baryons • The Σ (uds) baryon HF splitting: – Σ*:

color hyperfine splitting in baryons • The Σ (uds) baryon HF splitting: – Σ*: total spin 3/2 u and d at relative spin – 1 – Σ : isospin – 1 • Symmetric under exchange of u and d • u and d at relative spin – 1 s u d • the ‘ud’ pair does not contribute to the HF splitting M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 7

Quark mass ratio from HF splittings in mesons and baryons New type of mass

Quark mass ratio from HF splittings in mesons and baryons New type of mass relations with more heavy flavors M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 8

Similar relation for bottom baryons prediction for mass (MK & Lipkin, hep-ph/0307243) M. Karliner,

Similar relation for bottom baryons prediction for mass (MK & Lipkin, hep-ph/0307243) M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 9

new result from CDF at Hadron 2011: 193 Me. V 10

new result from CDF at Hadron 2011: 193 Me. V 10

also prediction for spin splitting between and new result from CDF at Hadron 2011:

also prediction for spin splitting between and new result from CDF at Hadron 2011: 20 Me. V M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 11

Magnetic moments of heavy baryons • • mag. moments determined by s, c, b

Magnetic moments of heavy baryons • • mag. moments determined by s, c, b moments • quark mag. moments proportional to their chromomagnetic moments DGG: (=EXP) challenge to EXP ! M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 12

Predicting the mass of Q Q baryons : Qsd or Qsu. (sd), (sd) in

Predicting the mass of Q Q baryons : Qsd or Qsu. (sd), (sd) in spin-0 Q mass given by Can obtain (bsd) mass from (csd) + shift in HF: M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 13

several options for obtaining from data: Me. V • The Ξ (Qsq) baryons contain

several options for obtaining from data: Me. V • The Ξ (Qsq) baryons contain an s quark Q • Q mass differences depend on the spectator • optimal estimate from mesons which contain both s and Q: Me. V M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 14

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Predictions for other bottom baryons with B. Keren-Zur, H. J. Lipkin and J. L.

Predictions for other bottom baryons with B. Keren-Zur, H. J. Lipkin and J. L. Rosner : M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 18

Work in progress: • • M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk,

Work in progress: • • M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 19

M. K. @DIS’ 09: “D 0: Ω_b=6165 +/- 10 (stat) +/- 13(syst. ) ---

M. K. @DIS’ 09: “D 0: Ω_b=6165 +/- 10 (stat) +/- 13(syst. ) --- wrong” M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 20

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M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 24

Open challenges for color hyperfine interaction: • doubly heavy baryons: ccq, bbq SELEX: huge

Open challenges for color hyperfine interaction: • doubly heavy baryons: ccq, bbq SELEX: huge isosplitting ccu-ccd =17 Me. V !? . . . • b mass: Upsilon(1 S)- b (Ba. Bar, CLEO) too large? M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 25

 • a menage a trois is very different from an ordinary family… •

• a menage a trois is very different from an ordinary family… • similarly, exotic hadrons with both q-q and q-qbar pairs have important color-space correlations that are completely absent in ordinary mesons and baryons. • when both present, need to keep in mind that q-qbar interaction is much stronger than q-q interaction color structures that are totally different from those in normal hadrons M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 26

 unusual experimental properties of (Q Q qbar) and (Q Qbar q qbar) tetraquarks

unusual experimental properties of (Q Q qbar) and (Q Qbar q qbar) tetraquarks until 5/2011: leading tetraquark candidate: X(3872) Seen in With very high stats by Belle, Ba. Bar and CDF M[X(3872)] = M(D) + M(D*) = 1865 + 2007 to within 1 Me. V! b-quark analogue(s)? TH: for sufficiently heavy Q-s, tetraquarks might be below two meson threshold: (b qbar bbar q) below B Bbar (b qbar cbar q) below B Dbar M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 27

crucial difference vs. ordinary mesons: can form a color configuration which has much stronger

crucial difference vs. ordinary mesons: can form a color configuration which has much stronger binding than some of these states have exotic electric charge, e. g. their decays have striking experimental signatures: monoenergetic photons and/or pions, e. g. with I=0 above threshold can decay into via isospin violation, or electromagnetically into both very narrow! M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 28

_ _ Unique signal for bbqq and bbq double bottom baryons and bb tetratqaurks

_ _ Unique signal for bbqq and bbq double bottom baryons and bb tetratqaurks • _ b c c s J/ψ s so bbq J/ψ (ssq) J/ψ Ξ _ _ __ similarly bbqq J/ψ (ssqq) J/ψ K K __ and bbqq With all final state hadrons coming from the same vertex Unique signature but v. low rate. Challenge & opportunity for LHCb ! M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 29

2008: Belle reported anomalously large BR (2 orders of mag. ) 0802. 0649 [hep-ph],

2008: Belle reported anomalously large BR (2 orders of mag. ) 0802. 0649 [hep-ph], Lipkin & M. K. : Enhancement due to mediation by tetraquark T_bb: B B*-bar (b-bar b u dbar)

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M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 31

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M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 34

Alternative (complementary ? ) desc. as “molecule” Tornqvist, Z. Phys. C 61, 525 (1993):

Alternative (complementary ? ) desc. as “molecule” Tornqvist, Z. Phys. C 61, 525 (1993): Heavy-light Qq mesons have I=1/2 they couple to pions deuteron-like meson-meson bound states, “deusons” via pion exchange: (I=0) at threshold X(3872) ! S-wave I=1 attraction x 3 weaker than I=0 no I=1 What about B B-bar* analogue ? . . . M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 35

B B* vs D D*: -- same attractive potential -- much heavier, so smaller

B B* vs D D*: -- same attractive potential -- much heavier, so smaller kinetic energy expect and I=1 states near threshold seen by Belle !!! I=0 binding much stronger I=0 states expected 40 -50 Me. V below threshold EXP signature: Z_b(I=0) (ns) + Z_b(I=0) B B-bar via EM B* B , E( )=46 Me. V LHCb! M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 36

? _b heavier, with I=1 stronger binding via deuteron-like J=1, I=0 bound state: “beautron”

? _b heavier, with I=1 stronger binding via deuteron-like J=1, I=0 bound state: “beautron” exp. signature: ( _b _b) _b _b ( _b) = 4. 3+-3 Me. V, ( _b) = 9. 2+-3 Me. V - + so might be visible should be seen in lattice QCD M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q 37 BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011

Summary • consitituent quark model with color HF interaction _b, _b masses predicted to

Summary • consitituent quark model with color HF interaction _b, _b masses predicted to 3 Me. V • challenge for theory: derivation from QCD • prediction: • QQqq tetraquarks: new color structures, unique exp. signatures • prediction for peaks just seen by Belle • new I=0 exotic states below threshold: BB*, B*B*, _b _b , … M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 38

Backup slides M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 39

Backup slides M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 39

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M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 40

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M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 41

constituent quark mass differences • example I: quark mass differences from baryon mass differences:

constituent quark mass differences • example I: quark mass differences from baryon mass differences: M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 42

difference of effective quark masses is the same in in mesons and baryons but

difference of effective quark masses is the same in in mesons and baryons but depends on the spectator quark “how much you weigh depends on who your neighbors are” challenge to np. QCD MK & Lipkin, hep-ph/0307243 M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 43

Testing confining potentials through meson/baryon HF splitting ratio B. Keren-Zur, hep-ph/0703011 & Ann. Phys

Testing confining potentials through meson/baryon HF splitting ratio B. Keren-Zur, hep-ph/0703011 & Ann. Phys • from constituent quarks model can derive: • depends only on the confinement potential and quark mass ratio • can be used to test different confinement potentials M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 44

Testing confining potentials through meson/baryon HF splitting ratio • 3 measurements (Q = s,

Testing confining potentials through meson/baryon HF splitting ratio • 3 measurements (Q = s, c, b) • 5 potentials: • Harmonic oscillator • Coulomb interaction • Linear potential • Linear + Coulomb • Logarithmic M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 45

Hyperfine splitting ratio from potential models vs experiment M. Karliner, New States with Heavy

Hyperfine splitting ratio from potential models vs experiment M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 46

Effective meson-baryon supersymmetry • meson: Q qbar baryon: Q qq • in both cases:

Effective meson-baryon supersymmetry • meson: Q qbar baryon: Q qq • in both cases: valence quark coupled to light quark “brown muck” color antitriplet, either a light antiquark (S=1/2) or a light diquark (S=0, S=1) • Effective supersymmetry: • m( ) – m( ) independent of quark flavor (u, s, c, b) ! M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 47

 • need to first cancel the HF interaction contribution to meson masses: •

• need to first cancel the HF interaction contribution to meson masses: • for spin-zero diquarks: • for spin-one diquarks need to also cancel HF contribution to baryon masses: M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 48

BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 M. Karliner, New States with 49

BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 M. Karliner, New States with 49

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M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 50

Summary of Ξ b mass predictions M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP

Summary of Ξ b mass predictions M. Karliner, New States with Heavy Q BINP Novosibirsk, 20/9/2011 51