The normal word order of a sentence is

The normal word order of a sentence is vt. +object S(subject) +P(predicate) (主语) (谓语) vi. +adverbial link. v+predicative

Inversion a. the requirement of grammar The reasons for inversion: b. to stress c. to keep the sentence balance a. Do you like English? b. At the back of the classroom sit many teachers. c. They arrived at a house, in front of which sat a small boy.

a. In a lecture hall of a university sits a professor. 谓语 主语 b. Not only does he have to type out the (部分谓语) 主语 (部分谓语) answer on a computer, but he also gets the computer to translate it into sounds.

Inversion a. full inversion b. partial inversion a. Full inversion: 1. 1) There are several desks in the room. 2) There remains much work to be done. 3) There happened to be a storm on our way home. Rules: There- 表“存在”的句子的倒装。如： there+lie/live/stand/exist/remain/seem (appear /happen/used) to be +主语

2. 1) Here is your book. 2) There goes the bell. 3) Now comes your turn. 4) Then came the teacher. Rules: 用在以here, there, now 和then等副词开头 的句子，以示强调。除then开头的句子用过去时， 其余的都用一般现在时. Notice: Here it is. / There he comes.

3. 1) Away went the teacher. 2) Out rushed the boys. Rules: 用在以out, in, up, down, away等副词开头的 句子，以表示强调或承上启下。 Notice: Away he went. 4. 1) “If you die, who will get your money? ” asked Holmes. 2) “I don’t think so. ” said Holmes. Rules : 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时， 有时也用倒装。

5. 1) By the window stood an old man. 2) From there came a shot. Rules: 表示地点的介词短语放在句首，常引起 完全倒装。 6. Rules: 为了强调表语，也可将表语和系动词提 到句首，形成表语＋系动词＋主语的倒装结构。 1) 介词短语 +系动词+主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers and candles. On either side were rows of fruit trees.

2) 形容词 + 系动词. + 主语 Present at the meeting were the Smiths and some other guests. 3) 副词 + 系动词 + 主语 North of the city is a university. Below is a restaurant. 4) 现在分词(构成进行时态) + be + 主语 Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. Visiting Beijing were 300 American young people.

5) 过去分词 + be + 主语 Fastened to the pole was the national flag. Seated on the ground were a group of children. 6) Such + be + Subject Such was Albert Einstein. Such were her words.

Full inversion 1. There be/…. 2. Here/There/Now/Then… 3. Out/Away/up…… 4. “ , ” said/asked sb. 5. 地点状语＋谓语+主语 6. 表语＋系动词＋主语

b. Partial inversion 1. 1) Do you like English? 2) When did you write the letter? Rules: 疑问句通常采用倒装语序。 2. 1) Only then did she see her mother. 2) Only when the war was over was he able to get back to work. Rules: 当only ＋副词/介词短语/状语从句作状语置 于句首，则引起部分倒装。

3. 1)Not until he came did we leave the village. 2) Not only is the problem very important but also it is difficult to solve. 3) Never did I have that experience before. Rules: hardly, seldom, little, never, nowhere等含有否定 意义的词置于句首时，常引起部分倒装。

5. Were I there (=If I were there, ) I would tell him the truth. Had they known(=If they had known, ) they would have accepted that. Should I be (=If I should be) free tomorrow, I would come. Rules: 在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，可将句中的助 动词were, had, should移置句首，引起部分倒装。 6. Rules: 含有 no的词组位于句首，引起部分倒装。 1) At no time can we forget the interests of the people. 2) By no means am I pleased with what he did.

7. So + adj. /adv. 引起的结果状语从句置于句首时, 引起部分倒装。 1) So loud did he speak that all of us could hear him. 2) So excited was she that tears came to her eyes. 8. 常用倒装结构的句型： 1) Hardly had +主语+done…when… Hardly had I got back when I started cooking. 2) No sooner had +主语 +done…than… No sooner had we sat down than we found it was time to go.

3) adj. /n. + as + 主语+ 谓语 +主句 Hungry as they were (=Although they were hungry), they did not stop working. Child as you are, you know a great deal. 9. 当某些频度状语如often, many a time等置于句首 时也可引起部分倒装。 1) Often does she speak ill of her friends. 2) Many a time did he refuse to accept her invitation. 另：在某些表示祝愿的句子中，用倒装结构。 1. May you succeed! 2. Long live the People’s Republic of China!

Partial inversion: 1. 疑问句 2. Only +状语 3. Hardly/Not only/Seldom… 4. So/Neither +be/have/can… 5. Were/Had/Should ( 省略if的虚拟条件句) 6. At no time/By no means…. 7. So +adj. /adv…that hardly…when… 8. 句型 no sooner…than…. adj. /n. +as +主语+谓语+主句 9. Often/Many a time…

句型转换 1. My turn to recite comes now. Now _____________________. comes my turn to recite 2. Many difficulties lie ahead of us. Ahead of us _________________. lie many difficulties 3. They had hardly got there when they began to work. Hardly _____________________. had they got there when they began to work 4. He was not only forced to stay at home, but he wasn’t allowed to see his friends. Not only ___________________, but was he forced to stay at home he wasn’t allowed to see his friends. 5. I can’t let out the secret. Anybody can’t let it out, either. I can’t let out the secret. ______________. Neither can anybody

6. There are flowers and trees as well in the garden. So are there trees There are flowers in the garden. ___________. 7. He did his homework so badly that the teacher criticized him. badly did he do his homework So _______________ that the teacher criticized him. 8. You can use the foreign language freely only when you really grasp its spirit. Only when you really grasp its spirit _________ can you use the _________________. foreign language freely 9. The teacher did not go to bed until he had gone over the exercise-books. did the Not until he had gone over the exercise-books _______________. teacher go to bed

10. If I were in your position, I would go. Were I in your position ________________, I would go. 11. If anyone should ask, don’t tell him. _____________, don’t tell him. Should anyone ask 12. Though she is young, she is quite experienced in Teaching. Young as she is ___________, she is quite experienced in teaching. 13. I seldom telephone him. do I telephone him Seldom ______________. 14. Though he is a worker, he has invented a new machine Worker as he is ___________, he has invented a new machine. 15. The storekeeper came in. In _________________. came the storekeeper