SKELET VE KAS SSTEM Dr Gven GRGL Anatomik

İSKELET VE KAS SİSTEMİ Dr. Güvenç GÖRGÜLÜ

Anatomik Terimler: düzlemler Median yada mid-sagittal Sagittal yada paramedian Koronal yada frontal Transvers yada yatay

Anatomik Terimler: Lokasyon(Konumlandırma) 1. Kranial - kafaya doğru 2. Kaudal – ayaklara doğru 3. Medial – ortaya doğru 4. Lateral – kenardan yada kenara doğru 5. Proksimal – ekstremitelerin (kol ve bacaklar) bağlantı yerlerine doğru 6. Distal – ekstermeitelerde parmaklara doğru 7. Süperior - yukarı 8. İnferior - aşağı 9. Anterior – önden / öne doğru 10. Posterior – arkadan / arkaya doğru 11. Periferal – yüzeye doğru 12. Palmer – avuç içi / içine doğru 13. Plantar – ayak taban içi / içine doğru

1. Lateral rotasyon 2. medial rotasyon 3. Supinasyon 4. Pronasyon 5. Eversiyon 6. İnversiyon 7. Adduksiyon 8. Abduksiyon

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Kafatası Mandibula Hiyoid Kemik Servikal Omurlar Klavikula Sternum Kostal Kıkırdak Kosta (Kaburga) Skapula Humerus Radius Ulna Karpal Kemikler Metakarpal Kemikler El parmak kemikleri Göğüs omurları Bel Omurları Sakrum Os Koksa (İleum-İschium-Pubis) Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsal Kemikler Metatarsal Kemikler Ayak parmak kemikleri

Kafatası Önden Görünüş 1. Frontal Kemik 2. Supra-Orbital Foramen 3. Orbit (Orbital Boşluk) 4. Superior Orbital Yarık 5. Inferior Orbital Yarık 6. Zygomatic Kemik 7. Infra-Orbital Açıklık 8. Maksilla 9. Mandibula 10. Mental Açıklık 11. Insisif Çukur 12. Simfisis 13. Vomer 14. Inferior Nazal Boynuzcuk 15. Orta Nazal Boynuzcuk 16. Etmoid Kemik 17. Nazal Kemik 18. Lakrimal Kemik

Lateral (Yandan) Görünüş 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. Parietal Kemik Koronal Sutur Frontal Kemik Nasal Kemik Vomer Lacrimal Kemik Ethmoid (orbital kısmı) Zigomatic Kemik Maksilla Mandibulanın gövdesi Mandibular Ramus Koronoid Uzantı Mandibular Kondil Mental Açıklık Stiloid Uzantı Eksternal Acoustic Meatus Mastoid Uzantı Zigomatik Uzantı Temporal Kemik Greater Wing of Sfenoid Inferior Temporal Çizgi Superior Temporal Çizgi Skuamozal Sutur Lambdoidal Sutur Oksipital Kemik

Arka/Üstten Görünüş 1. Parietal Kemik 2. Sagital Sutur 3. Lambdoid Sutur 4. Oksipital Kemik 5. Eksternal Oksipital Protruberans 6. Superior Nuchal Line 7. Inferior Nuchal Line

Üstten Görünüş 1. Oksipital Kemik 2. Lambdoidal Sütür 3. Parietal Kemik 4. Sagittal Sütür 5. Koronal Sütür 6. Frontal Kemik

Kafatası (alttan) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. Anterior Palatine Foramen Palatine Process of Maxilla Palatine (Damak) Greater Palatine Foramen Lesser Palatine Foramen Pterygoid Processes of Sphenoid Zygomatic Process (Uzantı) Squamous Part of Temporal Bone Mandibular Fossa Styloid Process Stylomastoid Foramen Mastoid Process Mastoid Foramen Superior Nuchal Line External Occipital Protruberance Median Nuchal Line Inferior Nuchal Line Foramen Magnum (Büyük Açıklık) Condyloid Canal Occipital Condyle Hypoglossal Canal Jugular Foramen Karotid Kanal (Beyin atardamarı için) Foramen Spinosum Foramen Ovale Foramen Lacerum Vomer Transverse Palatine Suture Median Palatine Suture

Fetal Skull 1. Future Coronal Suture 2. Anterior Fontanel 3. Anterolateral Fontanel 4. Future Squamosal Suture 5. Posterolateral Fontanel 6. Future Lamdoidal Suture 7. External Acoustic Meatus 8. Future Sagittal Suture 9. Posterior Fontanel

Mandibula 1. Mandibular Condyle 2. Mandibular Notch 3. Coronoid Process 4. Ramus 5. Angle 6. Oblique Line 7. Body 8. Alveolar Process 9. Mental Foramen 10. Mylohyoid Line 11. Mandibular Foramen

OMURGA (ÖNDEN GÖRÜNÜM)

OMURGA (Profilden: Yandan) Cervical (Boyun) omurlar Thoracic (Göğüs) omurlar Lumbar (Bel) omurlar Sacral (Sağrı) omurlar Coccyx (Kuyruk sokumu) omurlar

OMURİLİK

GÖĞÜS KAFESİ

EKLEMLER

EL KEMİKLERİ

AYAK KEMİKLERİ

AYAK (Plantar)

Atlas 1. Superior Articular Surface 2. Transverse Foramen 3. Transverse Process 4. Odontoid (Dens) Facet 5. Vertebral Foramen 6. Inferior Articular Surface

Axis 1. Spinous Process 2. Lamina 3. Transverse Process 4. Pedicle 5. Superior Articular Surface 6. Odontoid Process (Dens) 7. Body 8. Vertebral Foramen 9. Inferior Articular Surface

Cervical (C 3 - C 7) 1. Spinous Process 2. Lamina 3. Superior Articular Surface 4. Transverse Foramen 5. Transverse Process 6. Body 7. Pedicle 8. Vertebral Foramen

Thoracic 1. Spinous Process 2. Lamina 3. Superior Articular Surface 4. Transverse Process 5. Pedicle 6. Body 7. Vertebral Foramen 8. Articular Facet for Rib 9. Inferior Articular Surface

Lumbar 1. Spinous Process 2. Lamina 3. Superior Articular Surface 4. Transverse Process 5. Pedicle 6. Body 7. Vertebral Foramen 8. Inferior Articular Surface

Sacrum 1. Promontory 2. Transverse Ridges 3. Coccyx 4. Body of Sacrum 5. Sacral Canal 6. Superior Articular Surface 7. Median Sacral Crest 8. Sacrum to Ilium Articular Surface 9. Dorsal Sacral Foramina 10. Sacral Hiatus

Rib & Vertebra Articulated 1. Articular Facet of Rib 2. Interarticular Crest 3. Neck 4. Articular Portion of Tubercle 5. Nonarticular Portion of Tubercle 6. Angle of Rib 7. Costal Groove 8. Body of Rib 9. Articular Facet of Transverse Process 10. Transverse Process 11. Spinous Process 12. Lamina 13. Vertebral Foramen

Sternum 1. Jugular Notch 2. Manubrium 3. Sternal Angle 4. Body (Gladiolus) 5. Xiphoid Process

Left Scapula (Posterior Aspect) 1. Coracoid Process 2. Scapular Notch 3. Superior Margin 4. Supraspinatus Fossa 5. Superior Angle 6. Scapular Spine 7. Vertebral Margin 8. Infraspinatus Fossa 9. Inferior Angle 10. Axillary Margin 11. Glenoid Cavity Margin 12. Acromion Process

Right Humerus - Proximal End (Anterior Aspect) 1. Head 2. Anatomical Neck 3. Lesser Tubercle 4. Intertubercular Groove 5. Greater Tubercle 6. Surgical Neck 7. Deltoid Tuberosity

Right Humerus - Distal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects) 1. Radial Fossa 2. Lateral Epicondyle 3. Capitulum 4. Trochlea 5. Medial Epicondyle 6. Coronoid Fossa 7. Olecranon Fossa

Right Ulna - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect) 1. Olecranon Process 2. Semilunar Notch 3. Coronoid Process 4. Tuberosity 5. Radial Notch 6. Ulna (Shaft) 7. Head of Ulna 8. Styloid Process

Right Radius - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect) 1. Head of Radius 2. Neck of Radius 3. Radial Tuberosity 4. Radius (Shaft) 5. Styloid Process 6. Ulnar Notch

Bones of the Right Hand (Dorsal Surface) 1. Styloid Process of Radius 2. Navicular (Scaphoid) 3. Lunate 4. Triquetral 5. Pisiform 6. Trapezium 7. Trapezoid 8. Capitate 9. Hamate 10. Metacarpal 11. Proximal Phalange 12. Middle Phalange 13. Distal Phalange 14. Styloid Process of Ulna

Left Os Coxa (Lateral Aspect) 1. Anterior Superior Spine 2. Iliac Crest 3. Posterior Superior Spine 4. Posterior Inferior Spine 5. Greater Sciatic Notch 6. Body of Ilium 7. Ischial Spine 8. Lesser Sciatic Notch 9. Body of Ischium 10. Ischial Tuberosity 11. Obturator Foramen 12. Inferior Ramus of Ischium 13. Inferior Ramus of Pubis 14. Body of Pubis 15. Acetabulum 16. Anterior Inferior Spine

Left Femur - Proximal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects) 1. Head 2. Neck 3. Greater Trochanter 4. Intertrochanteric Line 5. Lesser Trochanter 6. Shaft of Femur 7. Gluteal Tuberosity 8. Intertrochanteric Crest 9. Linea Aspera

Left Femur - Distal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects) 1. Medial Condyle 2. Lateral Condyle 3. Intercondylar Fossa

Left Tibia - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect) 1. Intercondylar Eminence 2. Lateral Condyle 3. Tibial Tuberosity 4. Anterior Crest 5. Medial Condyle 6. Anterior Surface 7. Medial Malleolus

Left Fibula - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect) 1. Head of Fibula 2. Neck of Fibula 3. Anterior Crest 4. Lateral Malleolus

Bones of the Left Foot (Lateral Aspect) 1. Calcaneus (Topuk) 2. Talus 3. Navicular 4. Cuboid 5. Cuneiform, First 6. Cuneiform, Second 7. Cuneiform, Third 8. Metatarsal

Knee - Anterior & Posterior Aspects 1. Tibial Collateral Ligament 2. Medial Condyle of Femur 3. Posterior Cruciate Ligament 4. Anterior Cruciate Ligament 5. Lateral Condyle of Femur 6. Fibular Collateral Ligament 7. Lateral Condyle of Tibia 8. Lateral Meniscus 9. Medial Meniscus 10. Medial Condyle of Tibia 11. Tibia 12. Fibula 13. Transverse Ligament

Human Anatomy - Front View of Muscles

Human Anatomy - Back View of Muscles

KAS ÇEŞİTLERİ

Skeletal muscle Smooth muscle