Matter matter anything that has mass and takes

Matter matter- anything that has mass and takes up space.

Types of Matter 1) element- a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by chemical or physical means. H Hydrogen O Oxygen Fe Iron Au Gold Pb Lead U Uranium atom- the basic particle from which all elements are made.

2) compound- a pure substance that is made of two or more elements in a set ratio. H 2 0 water CO 2 carbon dioxide C 6 H 12 O 6 glucose Fe 2 O 3 iron oxide (rust) chemical formula- shows the elements in the compound and the ratio of atoms.

3) mixture- made of two or more substances (elements, compounds, etc. ) that are not chemically combined. dirt clay, sand, organic material air nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide salad lettuce, spinach, carrots, anchovies brass copper, zinc a) heterogeneous mixture- a mixture whose substances can be seen. b) homogeneous mixture- a mixture whose substances cannot be seen.

Measuring Matter weight- the gravitational pull on an object. mass- the amount of matter in an object. weight can change with location, but mass remains the same. mass = 50 kg weight = 0 N weight = 490 N

volume- the amount of space matter takes up. can be measured in cm 3 or m. L density- the measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume. mass Density = volume m D= V measured in grams/cubic centimeter(gm/cm 3) or grams/milliliter (gm/m. L)

Properties of Matter 1) physical properties- characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance. melting point boiling point color taste density smell conductivity hardness texture luster

Properties of Matter 2) chemical properties- characteristics of a substance that describe its ability to change into different substances. ability to burn rusting reacting with acids or bases tarnishing

Changes in Matter 1) physical changes- a change that alters the form or appearance of a substance without changing it into another substance. melting boiling freezing evaporating

Changes in Matter 2) chemical changes- occurs when bonds break between atoms and form new substances. synthesis decomposition burning oxidation chemical changes occur as a result of a chemical reaction!

Law of Conservation of Mass states that: the total mass during a chemical or physical change remains constant or mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical or physical change.

Energy & Changes in Matter energy- the ability to do work or cause change. thermal energy- the total energy of all the particles in an object.

temperature- the measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance.

High temperature Low temperature

Types of Chemical Changes endothermic reaction- a chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed; feels cold. exothermic reaction- a chemical reaction in which energy is released; feels hot.

Types of Energy 1) kinetic energy- the energy of matter in motion. 2) potential energy- the energy of an object’s position; the stored energy of an object

3) Chemical energy- a form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms.

4) Electromagnetic energy- a form of energy that travels through space as waves.

5) electrical energy- the energy of electrically charged particles moving from one place to another.