Linac Coherent Light Source LCLS Low Level RF

Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) Low Level RF System Injector Turn-on December 2006 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 1 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Safety First and Second and Third…. . to Infinity Hazards in the LLRF system RF 1 k. W at 120 Hz at 5 u. S = 0. 6 Watts average, 2 Watt average amps at 2856 MHz, 60 W average amps at 476 MHz Hazards – RF Burns Mitigation – Avoid contact with center conductor of energized connectors. All employees working with LLRF systems are required to have the proper training. 110 VAC Connector Hazards - Shock Mitigation - Don’t touch conductors when plugging into outlet. All chassis are inspected by UL trained inspector. February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 2 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Scope of Work – Injector Turn-on Linac Sector 0 RF Upgrade WBS 1. 02. 04. 03. 01 All 3 RF Chassis completed and Installed Control Module to be installed Feb 06 Sector 20 RF distribution system WBS 1. 02. 04. 03. 02 Phase and Amplitude Controllers – 9 units Phase and Amplitude Monitors – 2 dual channel units Phased Locked Oscillator LO Generator 52 Chassis Total Multiplier – 476 MHz to 2856 MHz – 2 units Amplifiers – 4 units 9 Chassis Completed Laser Phase Measurement LLRF Control and Monitor System WBS 1. 02. 04. 03 1 k. W Solid State S-Band Amplifiers – 5 units Phase and Amplitude Monitors – 16 dual chan units Phase and Amplitude Controllers – 6 single chan units Bunch Length Monitor Interface Beam Phase Cavity WBS 1. 02. 04. 03. 04 Will use single channel of RF Monitor Chassis Pill box cavity with 2 probes and 4 tuners February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 3 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

LCLS Layout P. Emma February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 4 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

LLRF Control system spans Sector 20 off axis injector to beyond Sector 30 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 5 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

LCLS RF Jitter Tolerance Budget Lowest Noise Floor Requirement 0. 5 deg X-Band = 125 f. S Structure Fill time = 100 n. S Noise floor = -111 d. Bc/Hz @ 11 GHz 10 MHz BW -134 d. Bc/Hz @ 476 MHz 0. 50 X- X-band RMS tolerance budget for <12% rms peak-current jitter or <0. 1% rms final e− energy jitter. All tolerances are rms levels and the voltage and phase tolerances per klystron for L 2 and L 3 are Nk larger, assuming uncorrelated errors, where Nk is the number of klystrons per linac. P. Emma February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 6 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Slow Drift Tolerance Limits (Top 4 rows for De/e < 5%, bottom 4 limited by feedback dynamic range) Gun-Laser Timing Bunch Charge Gun RF Phase Gun Relative Voltage L 0, 1, X, 2, 3 RF Phase (approx. ) L 0, 1, X, 2, 3 RF Voltage (approx. ) (Tolerances are peak values, not rms) 2. 4* 3. 2 2. 3 0. 6 5 5 deg-S % P. Emma, J, Wu * for synchronization, this tolerance might be set to 1 ps (without arrival-time measurement) February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 7 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Sector 0 RF Upgrade LCLS must be compatible with the existing linac operation including PEP timing shifts Master Oscillator is located 1. 3 miles from LCLS Injector 1. 3 Miles to LCLS Injector Measurements on January 20, 2006 show 30 f. S rms jitter in a bandwidth from 10 Hz to 10 MHz PEP PHASE SHIFT ON MAIN DRIVE LINE February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF MDL RF with TIMING Pulse – Sync to DR 8 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Linac Sector 0 RF Upgrade Status New Low Noise Master Oscillator – Done New Low Noise PEP Phase Shifter RF Chassis – Done Control Chassis – Feb 06 New Low Noise Master Amplifier – Done Main Drive Line Coupler in Sector 21 – Done Measurements Noise floor on 476 MHz of -156 d. Bc/Hz Integrated jitter from 10 Hz to 10 MHz of 30 f. S February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 9 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Sector 20 RF Distribution Phase Critical Cables Laser <140 ft < 700 f. Spp Gun < 100 ft < 400 f. Spp February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 10 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Sector 20 RF Distribution System Status Phase Locked Oscillator – 476 MHz Preliminary Design – same as SPPS Low Noise 119 MHz VCO and Multipliers in house Analog Track/Hold / feedback amp complete unit tested at SPPS May consider digital feedback amp if time permits LO Generator – 2830. 5 MHz Preliminary Design complete – 80% of Parts are in house PC Board in design Multipliers - 476 MHz to 2856 MHz – Done Phase and Amplitude Control Unit In Design – Testing IQ modulators and amplifiers – See Next Section Phase and Amplitude Monitor Unit In Design – Testing Mixers, Amplifiers, Filters – See Next Section Amplifiers – not ordered yet Laser Phase Measurement System – Design Started February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 11 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

LLRF Control System Distributed Control System Microcontroller based IOC Control and Monitor Modules Central Feedback Computer See LLRF Control talk Control breakout session – Attached By Dayle Kotturi February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 12 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

LLRF Control and Monitor System Status 1 k. W Solid State S-Band Amplifiers – 5 units 1 k. W amplifier modules currently in test Existing amplifier support design under review Phase and Amplitude Monitors – 16 dual chan units Preliminary Design Complete Evaluating amplifiers, mixers, and filters Phase and Amplitude Controllers – 6 single chan units Preliminary design complete Evaluating mixers and amplifiers Bunch Length Monitor Interface Need Specifications February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 13 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Beam Phase Cavity Status Measurement of beam phase to RF reference phase. The result will be used to correct timing of laser to RF reference. Cavity is located between L 0 A and L 0 B. Electronics will use single channel of RF Monitor Chassis Pill box cavity with 2 probes and 4 tuners Cavity Electronics will use single channel of RF Monitor Cavity in design - probe and tuner design complete Fab, Test, Tune – May 2006 Bake – June 2006 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 14 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Status Summary Linac New Low Noise Source – RF components installed, Controls Feb 06 RF Distribution – Prototyping underway (R. Akre, B. Hong, H. Schwarz) Monitor Controller Board (J. Gold, R. Akre, Till Straumann) Single channel prototype for ADS 5500 tested to specifications Four channel ADS 5500 board – layout complete (SNR 70 d. BFS) Switched to LTC 2208 16 bit 130 MSPS ADC (Prototype in test) (SNR 77 d. BFS) RF Monitor Board in preliminary design (H. Schwarz, B. Hong) Testing mixers Control Boards (J. Olsen) Fast Control Board – in test Slow control board – May use fast board RF Control Board in preliminary design (H. Schwarz, B. Hong) Software (D. Kotturi, Till Straumann) EPICS on RTEMS on Microcontroller done Drivers Algorithms System Completion - December 2006 for Injector February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 15 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

End of LLRF RF Talk Backup for RF Talk February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 16 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

MPS – PPS Issues Addressed by Controls Group Not Reviewed Here Vacuum New vacuum system summary to be fed to each klystron existing MKSU. PPS System Injector modulators will be interlocked by Injector PPS system. PPS requirements for radiation from the injector transverse accelerator needs to be determined. Radiation levels will be measured during testing in the Klystron Test Lab – Feb 06. February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 17 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Bandwidth of S-Band System Upper Frequency Limit – 10 MHz Beam-RF interaction BW due to structure fill time < 1. 5 MHz S-Band Accelerators and Gun ~10 MHz X-Band S-Band T Cav Structure RF Bandwidth ~ 16 MHz 5045 Klystron ~ 10 MHz Lower Frequency Limit – 10 k. Hz Fill time of SLED Cavity = 3. 5 u. S about 100 k. Hz Laser – Needs to be measured ~ 10 k. Hz February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 18 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Noise Levels RF Reference Single Side Band (SSB) Noise Floor 2856 MHz RF Distribution -144 d. Bc/Hz -174 d. Bc/Hz @ 119 MHz (24 x = +28 d. B +2 for multiplier) 2830. 5 MHz Local Oscillator -138 d. Bc/Hz Integrated Noise -138 d. Bc/Hz at 10 MHz = -65 d. Bc = 32 f. S rms SNR = 65 d. B for phase noise Added noise from MIXER (LO noise same as RF) SNR of 62 d. B ADC noise levels SNR of 70 d. B – 14 bit ADS 5500 at 102 MSPS February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 19 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Phase Noise – Linac Sector 0 OLD MASTER OSCILLATOR -133 d. Bc/Hz at 476 MHz 340 f. Srms jitter in 10 MHz BW NEW MASTER OSCILLATOR -153 d. Bc/Hz at 476 MHz 34 f. Srms jitter in 10 MHz BW Integrated Noise - Timing Jitter fs rms Integral end Integral start Aug 17, 2004 Sector 30 Jan 20, 2006 Sector 21 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 5 MHz 1 M 100 k 10 k 27 30 15 19 20 1 k 10 k. Hz 100 10 33 38 75 82 20 20 8 17 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Sector 20 RF Distribution Cable Errors Temperature Coefficient of 2. 8 ppm/ºF and Cable length is 1200ºS/ft All Cables except LASER are less than 100 ft Distances feet and errors in degrees S total range RF Hut Down Linac Wall Injector Total Unit Ft deg. S ft deg. S Deg. S Laser 8 0. 054 25 0. 017 10 0. 014 10 0. 007 85 0. 58 0. 68 Gun 8 0. 054 25 0. 017 10 0. 014 10 0. 007 40 0. 27 0. 37 L 0 -A 8 0. 054 25 0. 017 10 0. 014 10 0. 007 30 0. 21 0. 31 B Phas 8 0. 054 25 0. 017 10 0. 014 10 0. 007 20 0. 14 0. 24 L 0 -B 8 0. 054 25 0. 017 10 0. 014 10 0. 007 20 0. 14 0. 24 L 0 -T 8 0. 054 25 0. 017 10 0. 014 10 0. 007 10 0. 07 0. 17 L 1 -S 8 0. 054 25 0. 017 50 0. 068 0. 14 L 1 -X 8 0. 054 25 0. 017 60 0. 081 0. 16 Temperature Variations: RF Hut ± 1ºF : Penetration ± 0. 1ºF : Linac : ± 0. 2ºF Shield Wall ± 0. 1ºF : Injector ± 1ºF February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 21 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

RF Control and Monitor Signal Counts Distribution (5~2850 MHz, 4<500 MHz) 9 IQ Mod 4 RF monitors RF Gun 1 Klystron 7 RF monitors Beam Phase Cavity 1 IQ mod 2 RF monitor L 0 -A Accelerator 1 Klystron 4 RF monitors L 0 -B Accelerator 1 Klystron 4 RF monitors L 0 -T Transverse Accelerator 1 Klystron 4 RF monitors L 1 -S Station 21 -1 B, C, and D accelerators 1 Klystron 6 RF monitors L 1 -X X-Band accelerator X-Band 2 IQ Mod 5 RF monitors S 25 -Tcav 1 Klystron 4 RF monitors S 24 -1, 2, & 3 Feedback 3 Klystrons S 29 and S 30 Feedback 2 IQ modulators 476 MHz Total modulators and monitors Totals at ~2856 MHz February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 22 23 modulators 40 monitors 15 modulators 33 monitors Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

LLRF Control and Monitor System 1 k. W Solid State S-Band Amplifiers – 5 units Phase and Amplitude Monitors – 16 dual chan units Phase and Amplitude Controllers – 6 single chan units Bunch Length Monitor Interface – Need Specifications February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 23 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

RF Control Required 11 Units Includes Distribution RF Control Module consist of the following: Input Coupler, IQ Modulator, Amplifier, Output Coupler Filters for I and Q inputs February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 24 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

RF Monitor Required 16 Chassis for Injector – Includes Distribution LO 2830. 5 MHz : RF 2856 MHz IF 25. 5 MHz (8. 5 MHz x 3 in sync with timing fiducial) Double-Balanced Mixer IF to Amp and then Low Pass Filter output to ADC sampling at 102 MSPS 2830. 5 MHz Local Osc. To ADC LTC 2208 SNR = 77 d. BFS 102 MSPS 2856 MHz RF Signal February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 25 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

1 k. W Solid State S-Band Amplifiers Electrical Design Complete – Under Review Mechanical design in progress Modules in house – in test Support parts – Some parts in house Power Supplies, relays, chassis need to be ordered February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 26 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

SLAC Linac RF – New Control The new control system will tie in to the IPA Chassis with 1 k. W of drive power available. Reference will be from the existing phase reference line or the injector new RF reference I and Q will be controlled with a 16 bit DAC running at 119 MHz. Waveforms to the DAC will be set in an FPGA through a microcontroller running EPICS on RTEMS. Existing System February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 27 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Controls Talk February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 28 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

LLRF Controls Outline Requirements External Interfaces Schedule Date Needed Prototype Completion Date Hardware Order Date Installation Test Period Design Maturity (what reviews have been had) State of Wiring Information State of Prototype February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 29 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Requirements At 120 Hz, meet phase/amp noise levels defined as: 0. 1% rms amplitude 100 fs rms in S-band (fill time = 850 ns) 125 fs rms in X-band (fill time = 100 ns) All tolerances are rms levels and the voltage and phase tolerances per klystron for L 2 and L 3 are Nk larger, assuming uncorrelated errors, where Nk is the number of klystrons per linac (L 2 has 28; L 3 has 48) February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 30 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Engineering Requirements When beam is present, control will be done by beam-based longitudinal feedback (except for Tcavs); when beam is absent, control will be done by local phase and amplitude controller (PAC) Adhere to LCLS Controls Group standards: RTEMS, EPICS, Channel Access protocol Ref: Why RTEMS? Study of open source real-time OS Begin RF processing of high-powered structures May 20, 2006 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 31 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

External Interfaces LLRF to LCLS global control system PVs available for edm screens, archiving, etc over controls network LLRF VME to beam-based longitudinal feedback from feedback: phase and amplitude corrections at 120 Hz over private ethernet from LLRF: phase and amplitude values (internal) LLRF VME to LLRF microcontrollers from VME: triggers, corrected phase and amplitude from microcontrollers: phase and amplitude averaged values at 120 Hz, raw phase and amplitude values for debug February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 32 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

External Interfaces: Laser - Tcav February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 33 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

External Interfaces: L 2 -L 3 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 34 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Schedule – for PAD Date Needed: injector: Dec/06 Prototype Completion Date: Mar/06: board prototype (2 or 4 chan, thermo) May/06: final board. Test (incl temp. cycling) Hardware Order Date: continuous Hardware Delivery Date: by Sep/06: chassis (15 dual channel) avail. Installation: injector: Oct/06 Test Period: injector: Nov/06 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 35 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Schedule – for PAC Date Needed: injector: Dec/06 Prototype Completion Date: Jan/06: first board prototype Mar/06: first board prototype if not same as fast PAC Hardware Order Date: continuous Hardware Delivery Date: by Sep/06: chassis (6 single channel) Installation: injector: Nov/06 Test Period: injector: Nov/06 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 36 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Schedule – for slow PAC Date Needed: injector: Dec/06 Prototype Completion Date: Mar/06: first board prototype if different than fast PAC Hardware Order Date: continuous Hardware Delivery Date: by Sep/06: chassis (6 single channel) Installation: injector: Nov/06 Test Period: injector: Nov/06 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 37 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Schedule – for timing/feedback crate Date Needed: injector: Dec/06 Prototype Completion Date: Fall/06 Hardware Order Date: done Hardware Delivery Date: have it Installation: injector: Nov/06 Test Period: injector: Nov/06 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 38 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Design maturity (what reviews have been had): RF/Timing Design, DOE Review, August 11, 2004 Akre_FAC_Oct 04_RF_Timing, FAC Review, October, 2004 Low Level RF Controls Design, LCLS Week, January 25 -27, 2005 Low Level RF, Lehman Review, May 10 -12, 2005 LLRF Plans for Development and Testing of Controls, LCLS Week, July 21, 2005 Low Level RF Design, Presentation for Controls Group, Sept. 13, 2005 LLRF Preliminary Design review, SLAC, September 26, 2005 LCLS LLRF Control System - Kotturi, LLRF Workshop, CERN, October 10 -13, 2005 LCLS LLRF System - Hong, LLRF Workshop, CERN, October 10 -13, 2005 LLRF and Beam-based Longitudinal Feedback Readiness - Kotturi/Akre, LCLS Week, SLAC, October 24 -26, 2005 LCLS Week LLRF and feedback - Kotturi/Allison, LCLS Week, SLAC, October 24 -26, 2005 LLRF, LCLS System Concept Review/Preliminary Design Review, SLAC, November 16 -17, 2005 Comments LLRF Beam Phase Cavity Preliminary Design review, SLAC, November 30, 2005 Docs at: http: //www. slac. stanford. edu/grp/lcls/controls/global/subsystems/llrf State of wiring: percent complete Captar input will be given at time of presentation State of prototype: PAD (1 chan ADC) and PAC boards built (shown on next pages). Testing. February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 39 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

PAD – the monitor board February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 40 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

PAD – the monitor board February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 41 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

PAC – the control board February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 42 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

PAC – the control board February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 43 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Additional Slides The following two pages show an overview of the LLRF control modules. From these diagrams, counts of module types, as well as function and location are seen. February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 44 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Overview of LLRF at Sector 20 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 45 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu

Overview of LLRF at Sector 24 February 8, 2006 LCLS LLRF 46 Ron Akre, Dayle Kotturi akre@slac. stanford. edu, dayle@slac. stanford. edu