Oral cavity morphology and histology Dr Gallatz Katalin

Oral cavity, morphology and histology Dr Gallatz Katalin

PARTS AND WALLS OF THE ORAL CAVITY FLOOR OF THE ORAL CAVITY – ORAL DIAPHRAGM HARD AND SOFT PALATE ISTHMUS OF FAUCES BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE ORAL CAVITY

Parts of the oral cavity Vestibule –vestibulum oris outside of the dental arches Oral cavity proper inside of the dental arches

Borders of the vestibulum oris : lateral: cheek (bucca) anterior: lips medial: dental arches Borders of the oral caity proper: outside: dental arches roof: palate floor: oral diaphragm posterioly: isthmus of the fauces

Borders of the vestibulum oris : lateral: cheek (bucca) anterior: lips medial: dental arches Borders of the oral caity proper: outside: dental arches roof: palate floor: oral diaphragm posterioly: isthmus of the fauces

Floor of the oral cavity

Parts and floor of the oral cavity

FLOOR OF THE ORAL CAVITY AND LATERAL LINGUAL SULCUS Borders: lateral. : mylohyoid m. medial. Hyoglossus m. superior: sublingual mucous membrane Content: - lingual nerve - submandibular duct - hypoglossal nerve - deep lingual vein

ROOF OF THE ORAL CAVITY - PALATE BONES PALATINE PROCESS OF THE MAXILLA HORIZONTAL PLATE OF THE PALATINE BONE SUTURES MEDIAN AND TRANSVERSE PALATINE SUTURE OPENINGS INCISIVE CANAL GREATER AND LESSER PALATINE FORAMINA

HARD AND SOFT PALATE palatine rugae: several (3 -7) transverse folds (choping and grinding of foods, phonation, sucking) palatine raphe: longitudinal mucosal fold in the midline palatinae foveolae: openings of the ducts of the small salivary glands

BLOOD SUPPLY - descendending palatine a. - ascending palatine a. - nasopalatine a. INNERVATION: - nasopalatine n. - greater palatine n. - lesser palatine nerves

STRUCTURES OPENING INTO THE ORAL CAVITY: DUCTS OF THE BIG SALIVARY GLANDS: DUCT OF THE PAROTID GLAND DUCT OF THE SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND DUCT OF THE GLANDULA SUBLINGUAL GLAND DUCTS OF THE SMALL SALIVARY GLANDS: DUCTS OF LINGUAL GLANDS DUCTS OF LABIAL GLANDS DUCTS OF BUCCAL GLANDS DUCTS OF PALATINE GLANDS

PAROTID DUCT - Runs paralel with the zygomatic arch at the anterior edge of the masseter turn medially and pierces the buccinator, - Opens into the vestibulum oris through the parotid papilla at the level of the apex of the root of 2. upper molar teeth.

- frenulum linguae, - sublingual caruncula - sublingual fold, - fimbriate fold, - lingual vein SUBLINGUAL REGION

SUBMANDIBULAR DUCT – WHARTON’S DUCT Sublingual caruncula - It runs in the lateral sulcus of the tongue first between the lingual and hypoglossal nerve, - anteriorly crosses the lingual nerve and runs above it, - opens through the sublingual caruncula together with the major sublingual duct.

POSTERIOR BORDER OF THE ORAL CAVITY ISTHMUS OF THE FAUCES Borders: superior: soft palate inferior: root of the tonque lateral: palatoglossal and palatopharngeal arch

ARTERIES OF THE HEAD EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY SUP. THYROID A. LINGUAL A. ASCENDING PHARYNGEAL A. FACIAL A. OCCIPITAL A. MAXILLARY A. SPF. TEMPORAL A.

BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE ORAL CAVITY nasopalatina a. sphenopalatine a. (a. max. ) anterior palate descending palatina a. maxillary a. palate ascending palatina a. facial a. palate lingual a. ext carotid a. tongue, sublingual region buccal a. maxillary a cheek sup. and inf labial a. facial a. lips infraorbital a. maxillary a. upper teeth inf. alveolar a. maxillary a. lower teeth

MAXILLARY ARTERY Mandibular part: deep auricular a. ant. tympanic a. inf. alveolaris a. middle meningeal a. Pterygoid part: masseteric a. deep temporal a. pterygoid arteries buccal a. sup. , post. alveolar br. Pterygopalatine part: infraorbital a. desc. palatina a. sphenopalatine a.

BRANCHES OF THE FACIAL ARTERY - ascending palatina a. - submental a. - glandular arteries - inferior és superior labial aa. - angular a.

Veins of the head and neck

ORAL MUCOSA 1. LINING MUCOSA 2. MASTICATORY MUCOSA 3. SPECIALISED MUCOSA

1. LINING MUCOSA covers the oral surface of the lips, cheeks, floor of mouth, and the ventral surface of the tongue - stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium - lamina propria, - tela submucosa (small salivary glands: labial, buccal are present) 2. MASTICATORY MUCOSA covers the hard palate and gingiva - stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium (at the tip of interdental papilla of the gingiva it can be keratinized) - lamina propria firmly attaches to the periosteum of the bones MUCOPERIOSTEUM

3. SPECIALISED MUCOSA The dorsal surface and lateral borders of the tongue are covered by a specialised mucous membrane that contains different types of papillas: FILIFORM FUNGIFORM CIRCUMVALLATAE FOLIATAE Foliate and circumvallate papillas have important role in taste perception 1. Tunica mucosa: - stratified squamous non keratinezed epithelium - lamina propria 2. Aponeurosis of the tongue 3. Skeletal muscles, glands, adipose tissue LINING MUCOSA

Foliate and circumvallate papillas have important role in taste perception, they contain gustatory receptors – taste buds

FRONTAL SECTION MR

X-RAY

PATHOLOGY STOMATITIS APHTOSA ACUTE TONSILLITIS

Leukoplakia generally refers to a firmly attached white patch on a mucous membrane which is associated with an increased risk of cancer. It usually occurs within the mouth, although sometimes mucosa in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, or genitals may be affected. [ CANCER

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