Elements Atoms and Ions The Language of Chemistry

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Elements, Atoms, and Ions

Elements, Atoms, and Ions

The Language of Chemistry • The elements, their names, and symbols are given on

The Language of Chemistry • The elements, their names, and symbols are given on the PERIODIC TABLE • How many elements are there?

The Periodic Table Hi, my name’s Dimitri. I like long walks on the beach,

The Periodic Table Hi, my name’s Dimitri. I like long walks on the beach, meteorology, studying fossil fuels and hot air balloons. Dmitri Mendeleev (1834 - 1907)

Glenn Seaborg (1912 -1999 ) • Discovered 8 new elements. • Only living person

Glenn Seaborg (1912 -1999 ) • Discovered 8 new elements. • Only living person for whom an element was named.

The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table

Periods in the Periodic Table

Periods in the Periodic Table

Groups in the Periodic Table Elements in groups react in similar ways!

Groups in the Periodic Table Elements in groups react in similar ways!

Regions of the Periodic Table

Regions of the Periodic Table

Group 1 A: Alkali Metals Reaction of potassium + H 2 O Cutting sodium

Group 1 A: Alkali Metals Reaction of potassium + H 2 O Cutting sodium metal

Group 2 A: Alkaline Earth Metals Magnesium oxide

Group 2 A: Alkaline Earth Metals Magnesium oxide

Group 7 A: The Halogens (salt makers) F, Cl, Br, I, At

Group 7 A: The Halogens (salt makers) F, Cl, Br, I, At

Group 8 A: The Noble (Inert) Gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn •

Group 8 A: The Noble (Inert) Gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn • Lighter than air balloons • “Neon” signs • Very Unreactive because they have full electron levels Xe. OF 4

Transition Elements Lanthanides and actinides Iron in air gives iron(III) oxide

Transition Elements Lanthanides and actinides Iron in air gives iron(III) oxide

The Atom An atom consists of a • nucleus – (of protons and neutrons)

The Atom An atom consists of a • nucleus – (of protons and neutrons) • electrons in space about the nucleus. Electron cloud Nucleus

The Language of Chemistry • CHEMICAL ELEMENTS - – pure substances that cannot be

The Language of Chemistry • CHEMICAL ELEMENTS - – pure substances that cannot be decomposed by ordinary means to other substances. Aluminum Sodium Bromine

CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS are composed of atoms and so can be decomposed to those atoms.

CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS are composed of atoms and so can be decomposed to those atoms. The red compound is composed of • nickel (Ni) (silver) • carbon (C) (black) • hydrogen (H) (white) • oxygen (O) (red) • nitrogen (N) (blue)

Compounds – composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio – properties

Compounds – composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio – properties differ from those of individual elements – EX: table salt (Na. Cl)

A MOLECULE is the smallest unit of a compound that retains the chemical characteristics

A MOLECULE is the smallest unit of a compound that retains the chemical characteristics of the compound. Composition of molecules is given by a MOLECULAR FORMULA H 2 O C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2 - caffeine

ELEMENTS THAT EXIST AS DIATOMIC MOLECULES Remember: HOFBr. INCl These elements only exist as

ELEMENTS THAT EXIST AS DIATOMIC MOLECULES Remember: HOFBr. INCl These elements only exist as PAIRS. Note that when they combine to make compounds, they are no longer elements so they are no longer in pairs!

Ions and Ionic Bonding Ions Ions are atomsIons and Ionic Bonding Ions Ions are atoms
Atoms Ions and Isotopes Atoms Ions and IsotopesAtoms Ions and Isotopes Atoms Ions and Isotopes
Chapter 4 Elements Atoms and Ions Elements ElementsChapter 4 Elements Atoms and Ions Elements Elements
Atoms Elements and Ions The Language of ChemistryAtoms Elements and Ions The Language of Chemistry
Elements Atoms and Ions The Language of ChemistryElements Atoms and Ions The Language of Chemistry
Atoms Elements and Ions The Language of ChemistryAtoms Elements and Ions The Language of Chemistry
Basic Chemistry ELEMENTS AND ATOMS I ELEMENTS ATOMSBasic Chemistry ELEMENTS AND ATOMS I ELEMENTS ATOMS
Chemistry and Minerals Atoms Elements and Ions AtomChemistry and Minerals Atoms Elements and Ions Atom
Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements Experiencing Atoms AtomsChapter 4 Atoms and Elements Experiencing Atoms Atoms
Atoms Elements and Compounds ATOMS u Atoms areAtoms Elements and Compounds ATOMS u Atoms are
182022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 182022 Atoms are182022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 182022 Atoms are
Atoms Elements and Molecules Atoms Atoms are theAtoms Elements and Molecules Atoms Atoms are the
1252022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 1252022 Atoms are1252022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 1252022 Atoms are
1302022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 1302022 Atoms are1302022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 1302022 Atoms are
IONS AND ISOTOPES CHARACTERISTICS OF IONS Ions areIONS AND ISOTOPES CHARACTERISTICS OF IONS Ions are
Elements Atoms and Ions Chemistry I Chapter 2Elements Atoms and Ions Chemistry I Chapter 2
Elements Atoms and Ions Chemistry I Chapter 2Elements Atoms and Ions Chemistry I Chapter 2
Chapter 4 Elements Atoms and Ions Chemistry 1020Chapter 4 Elements Atoms and Ions Chemistry 1020