Atoms Elements and Molecules Atoms Atoms are the

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Atoms, Elements, and Molecules

Atoms, Elements, and Molecules

Atoms • Atoms are the building blocks of matter. • They make up everything

Atoms • Atoms are the building blocks of matter. • They make up everything that we know. • All matter is made of atoms. • Made up of three smaller parts. – Protons – Neutrons – Electrons

Atoms Nucleus 8 Protons 8 Neutrons Oxygen

Atoms Nucleus 8 Protons 8 Neutrons Oxygen

Atoms Electrons Atomic Shell

Atoms Electrons Atomic Shell

Elements • Matter made of only one type of atom is called an element.

Elements • Matter made of only one type of atom is called an element. Element Name Atomic Number Element Symbol Mass Number

Elements • Atomic Number: The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Elements • Atomic Number: The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. • Mass Number: The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Elements: Substances made entirely from one type of atom.

Elements: Substances made entirely from one type of atom.

Molecules • A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically.

Molecules • A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. Molecular Oxygen O 2 H 2 O Water Methane CH 4

Compounds • A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements.

Compounds • A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements. • All compounds are molecules not but not all molecules are compounds. Which of these is NOT a compound Molecular Oxygen O 2 H 2 O Water Methane CH 4

Challenge: Covalent Bonding • What you need to know: – The elements on the

Challenge: Covalent Bonding • What you need to know: – The elements on the periodic table have the same number of protons and electrons. – Covalent bonds share electrons to fill an atoms valence shell. – Valence Shells • Holds the electrons of an atom. • Octet Rule: An atom is most stable when its outermost shell is filled with electrons.

Challenge Number of electrons = 2 n 2 n = shell number

Challenge Number of electrons = 2 n 2 n = shell number

Challenge: CO 2

Challenge: CO 2

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