Bachelor of Information Technology Computer Systems I IT
Bachelor of Information Technology Computer Systems I IT 1205 01. Introduction – Part I Nisansala Dharmasena Bertholameuse BSc Special (Hons) in IT, PGD in IT, MSc in IT, PGD in IR, Dip in Journalism, M. Phil. in Computer Science (Reading)
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Intended Learning Outcomes After completing this module students should be able to; • Describe the term component. • Describe the components of a computer system. • To understand the four parts of a computer system. • To understand the role of the components in a computer system
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Outline Introduction What are Computers Main Elements of a Computer System What is a component PC components Central Processing Unit (CPU)
IT 1205 Computer Systems I What are computers Computers are electronic devices that can follow instructions to accept input, process the input and then produce information.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Computer System These are the four elements of a computer system Input Output Process Storage
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Components The internal parts of the system that deals with the inputs and outputs are known as the components:
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components Motherboard Also called Mainboard The motherboard allows all of the other components to communicate with each other.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components CPU Central Processing Unit The processor carries out all the arithmetic calculations and logic operations of a computer. Think of it as the ‘brain’ of a computer.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components Memory (RAM) Random Access Memory The memory is where all the current information being worked on is stored. This could be applications (instructions) or data.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components Hard Disk Drive A permanent storage of the operating system, applications and users’ files.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components Graphics Card Also called a Video Card Allows more complex graphics to be displayed. Often required for games or 3 D applications.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components PSU Power Supply Unit Supplies power to the motherboard which in turn, supplies power to the other components in a computer system.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components Sound Card The sound card allows digital sound to be output from speakers connected to a computer.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components Input Devices Input devices allow you (the user) to give the computer information. Keyboard Camera Scanner Microphone Mouse
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components Output Devices Printer Projector Speaker Headset Monitor Output devices allow the computer to display processed information to you (the user).
IT 1205 Computer Systems I PC Components Storage Devices Hard disk DVD/CD Pen Drive Storage devices allow users to save their work long term, when the power is turned off these devices they do not lose the information.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Question Which part of the computer is the brains of the computer? a) Monitor b) Keyboard c) Central Processing Unit d) None of the above
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Answer Which part of the computer is the brains of the computer? a) Monitor b) Keyboard c) Central Processing Unit d) None of the above
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Question Identify the device through which data and instructions are entered into a computer a) Software b) Output device c) Input device d) Memory
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Answer Identify the device through which data and instructions are entered into a computer a) Software b) Output device c) Input device d) Memory
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Central Processing Unit ( CPU) • A specific chip or the processor a CPU's performance is determined by the rest of the computers circuitry and chips. • The Central Processing Unit (CPU) performs the actual processing of data • The speed (clock speed) of CPU measured by Hertz (MHz)
IT 1205 Computer Systems I The CPU consists of Control Unit (CU) Arithmetic and Logical Unit (ALU) Some Registers
IT 1205 Computer Systems I The Control Unit (CU) coordinates all activities of the computer by: Determining which operations to perform and in what order to carry them out. The CU transmits coordinating control signals to other computer components.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I The ALU consists of electronic circuitry perform: Arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) Logical operations (and, or, not) comparisons (less-than, equal)
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Hardware Organization CPU memory motherboard hard drive
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Primary Memory (fast, expensive, short-term memory): Enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data, programs, and intermediate results. Two general parts: 1. ROM ( Read Only Memory) 2. RAM (Random Access Memory)
IT 1205 Computer Systems I RAM( Random Access Memory) A primary storage Temporarily holds data and programs for use during processing (volatile) Any information stored in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I RAM( Random Access Memory) • RAM is the memory that the computer uses to temporarily store the information as it is being processed. • The more information being processed the more RAM the computer needs. • RAM consists of locations or cells. • Each cell has a unique address which distinguishes it from other cells.
IT 1205 Computer Systems I ROM (Read Only Memory) • ROM is part of memory • Programmed at manufacturing time • Its contents cannot be changed by users • It is a permanent store
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Data Input units Central Processing Unit (CPU) control unit (CU) Arithmetic logic Unit (ALU) Components of a Computer System Memory RAM ROM Auxiliary Memory output units Information/Knowledge
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Question CPU consists of the following parts a) CU and main memory b) CU and ALU c) main memory and storage d) operating system and application
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Answer CPU consists of the following parts a) CU and main memory b) CU and ALU c) main memory and storage d) operating system and application
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Question Component of CPU which is responsible for comparing contents of two pieces of data is a) ALU b) CU c) Memory d) register
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Answer Component of CPU which is responsible for comparing contents of two pieces of data is a) ALU b) CU c) Memory d) register
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Question When arithmetic, logic and control unit of a computer are combined into a single unit, it is known as a) central processing unit b) memory unit c) I/O unit d) operating unit
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Answer When arithmetic, logic and control unit of a computer are combined into a single unit, it is known as a) central processing unit b) memory unit c) I/O unit d) operating unit
IT 1205 Computer Systems I Lesson Summary • Components of a computer • Functions of the components • Components of the Central Processing Unit
Bachelor of Information Technology Computer Systems I IT 1205 01. Introduction – Part I Nisansala Dharmasena Bertholameuse BSc Special (Hons) in IT, PGD in IT, MSc in IT, PGD in IR, Dip in Journalism, M. Phil. in Computer Science (Reading)
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