Bachelor of Information Technology Information Systems Technology IT
Bachelor of Information Technology Information Systems & Technology IT 1105 05. Business Information Systems 5. 3 Decision Support Systems (DSS) Part - 2 Prabhajinie Jayabaalasundaram MBCS, MBA
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Intended Learning Outcomes After completing this session you should be able to Identify and describe the basic components of a DSS
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Last Lesson An overview of Decision support systems Characteristics of a Decision Support System Capabilities of a Decision Support System A Comparison of DSS and MIS
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Outline Components of a Decision support systems Geographic information systems (GIS) and data visualization systems Using a decision support system What-if analysis
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology nents of a Decision support systems At the core of a DSS are a database and a model base. In addition, a typical DSS contains a user interface, also called dialogue manager, which allows decision makers to easily access and manipulate the DSS and to use common business terms and phrases. Finally access to the Internet, networks, and other computer-based systems permits the DSS to tie into other powerful systems including enterprise systems or function specific sub system.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology nents of a Decision support systems Database Model base DBMS Access to Internet and corporate intranet n/ws and other Computer systems MMS External Database access User Interface or Dialog Manager External Database
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology The Database The database management system allows managers and decision makers to perform qualitative analysis on the company's data in databases, data warehouses, and data marts. A data-driven DSS primarily performs qualitative analysis based on the company's databases. Data-driven DSSs tap into vast stores of information contained in the corporate database, retrieving information on inventory, sales, personnel, production, finance, accounting, and other areas. Data-driven DSSs can also be used in emergency medical situations
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology The Database A database management system can also connect to external databases to give managers and decision makers even more information and decision support. External databases can include the Internet, libraries, government databases, and more. Access to a combination of internal and external database can give key decision makers a better understanding of the company and its environment.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology The Model Base A DSS model base is a software component that consists of models used in computational and analytical routines that mathematically express relationships among variables. The model base allows managers and decision makers to perform quantitative analysis on both internal and external data. A model-driven DSS primarily performs mathematical or quantitative analysis.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology The Model Base The model base gives decision makers access to a variety of models so that they can explore different scenarios and see their effects. Model management software (MMS) can coordinate the use of models in a DSS, including financial, statistical analysis, graphical, and project-management models.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Legacy Software The Model Base Other Software Web Browser User interface functions Hyperlinked Multimedia, 3 -D Visualization Model Management Functions Analytical Modeling, Statistical Analysis Data Management Functions Data Extraction, Validation, Sanitation, Integration and Replication Operational data Market data Sales data Customer A/C data
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology The Model Base DSS software packages can combine model components to create integrated models that support specific types of decisions. DSS software typically contains built in analytical modelling routines and also enables you to build your own models. Many DSS packages are now available in microcomputer and Web-enabled versions. Electronic spreadsheet packages also provide some of the model building and analytical modelling offered by more powerful DSS software.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology ser Interface or Dialogue Manager The user interface or dialogue manager allows users to interact with the DSS to obtain information. It insists with all aspects of communications between the user and the hardware and software that constitute the DSS. In a practical sense, to most DSS users, the user interface is the DSS. Upper-level decision makers are often less interested in where the information came from or how it was gathered than that the information is both understandable and accessible.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Question The following statement(s) is/are about DSS. (i) The focus of a DSS is to support managerial decision-making effectively when faced with structured or semi-structured business problems. (ii) Model management software assists with communication between the user and the DSS. (iii) A model driven DSS utilises vast stores of information contained in the corporate database and primarily performs qualitative data analysis. Identify the incorrect statement(s). (a) Only (i) (b) Only (ii) (c) Only (iii) (d) Only (i) & (ii) (e) All
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Answer The following statement(s) is/are about DSS. (i) The focus of a DSS is to support managerial decision-making effectively when faced with structured or semi-structured business problems. (ii) Model management software assists with communication between the user and the DSS. (iii) A model driven DSS utilises vast stores of information contained in the corporate database and primarily performs qualitative data analysis. Identify the incorrect statement(s). (a) Only (i) (b) Only (ii) (c) Only (iii) (d) Only (i) & (ii) (e) All
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Question Consider the following statements. (i) DSS outputs are used as inputs to the MIS. (ii) DSS outputs are used as inputs to a TPS. (iii) Outputs of an MIS is used as inputs to a DSS. Which of the above statement(s) is/are TRUE of Decision Support Systems (DSS)? (a) Only i (b) Only ii (c) Only i and iii (d) Only iii (e) Only ii and iii
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Answer Consider the following statements. (i) DSS outputs are used as inputs to the MIS. (ii) DSS outputs are used as inputs to a TPS. (iii) Outputs of an MIS is used as inputs to a DSS. Which of the above statement(s) is/are TRUE of Decision Support Systems (DSS)? (a) Only i (b) Only ii (c) Only i and iii (d) Only iii (e) Only ii and iii
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology aphic information systems (GIS) and sualization systems Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Data Visualization Systems (DVS) are special categories of DSS that integrate computer graphics with other DSS features. A geographic information system is a DSS that uses geographic databases to construct and display maps and other graphics displays that support decisions affecting the geographic distribution of people and other resources. Many companies are using GIS technology along with global positioning system (GPS) devices to help them choose new retail
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology a visualization systems Data visualization systems represent complex data using interactive three dimensional graphical forms. DVS tools help users to interactively sort, subdivide, combine, and organize data while it is in its graphical form. This helps users discover patterns, links, and anomalies in business or scientific data in an interactive knowledge discovery and decision support process. Business applications like data mining typically use interactive graphs that let users drill down in real time and manipulate the underlying data of a business model to help clarify its meaning for business decision making.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology g a decision support system Using a decision support system involves an interactive analytical modelling process. This differs from the demand responses of management information systems, since decision makers are not demanding pre-specified information. Rather, they are exploring possible alternatives. Thus, they do not have to specify their information needs in advance. Instead, they use the DSS to find the information they need to help them make a decision. That is the essence of the decision support system concept.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology g a decision support system Using a decision support system involves four basic types of analytical modelling activities: 1) what-if analysis 2) sensitivity analysis 3) goal-seeking analysis 4) optimization analysis.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology g a decision support system Type of Analytical Modeling Activities and Examples What-if analysis Observing how changes to selected variables affect other variables. Example: What if we cut advertising by 10 percent? What would happen to sales?
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology g a decision support system Type of Analytical Modeling Activities and Examples Sensitivity analysis Observing how repeated changes to a single variable affect other variables. Example: Let's cut advertising by $100 repeatedly so we can see its relationship to sales
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology g a decision support system Type of Analytical Modeling Activities and Examples Goal-seeking analysis Making repeated changes to selected variables until a chosen variable reaches a target value. Example: Let's try increases in advertising until sales reach $1 million.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology g a decision support system Type of Analytical Modeling Activities and Examples Optimization analysis Finding an optimum value for selected variables, given certain constraints. Example: What's the best amount of advertising to have, given our budget and choice of media?
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology What-if analysis In what-if analysis, an end user makes changes to variables, or relationships among variables and observes the resulting changes in the values of other variables. For example, if you were using a spreadsheet, you might change a revenue amount (a variable) or a tax rate formula (a relationship among variables) in a simple financial spreadsheet model. Then you could command the spreadsheet program to instantly recalculate all affected variables in the spreadsheet.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Data mining's main purpose is to provide decision support to managers and business professionals through a process sometimes called knowledge discovery. Data mining software analyses the vast stores of historical business data that have been prepared for analysis in corporate data warehouses and tries to discover patterns, trends and correlations hidden in the data that can help a company improve its business performance.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Question Decision Support Systems (a) support goal seeking and what-if analysis. (b) processes information only through batch processing. (c) components include a database, model base and a user interface/dialogue manager. (d) which are model driven, primarily perform mathematical or quantitative analysis. (e) which are data driven, perform qualitative analysis based on the company’s databases.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Answer Decision Support Systems (a) support goal seeking and what-if analysis. (b) processes information only through batch processing. (c) components include a database, model base and a user interface/dialogue manager. (d) which are model driven, primarily perform mathematical or quantitative analysis. (e) which are data driven, perform qualitative analysis based on the company’s databases.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Question A computer based system that can store analyze and display data using digitized maps to enhance planning and decision making best describes a/an (a) executive support system (b) demographic analysis system. (c) location analysis system (d) geographic information systems. (e) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Answer A computer based system that can store analyze and display data using digitized maps to enhance planning and decision making best describes a/an (a) executive support system (b) demographic analysis system. (c) location analysis system (d) geographic information systems. (e) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system.
IT 1105 Information Systems and Technology Summary Components of a Decision support systems Geographic information systems (GIS) and data visualization systems Using a decision support system What-if analysis
Bachelor of Information Technology Information Systems & Technology IT 1105 05. Business Information Systems 5. 3 Decision Support Systems (DSS) Part - 2 Prabhajinie Jayabaalasundaram MBCS, MBA
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