Adapted from Ms Susan M Pojer Horace Greeley

Adapted from Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley High School Chappaqua, NY

Europe’s Latitude v. U. S.

Former Soviet Region Compared in Latitude & Area with the United States

Satellite View of Europe

3, 800 square miles

R E G I O N S

Continents by Size (sq. km. ) Asia 44, 579, 000 Africa 30, 065, 000 North America 24, 256, 000 South America 17, 819, 000 Antarctica 13, 209, 000 Europe 9, 938, 000 Oceania (incl. Australia) 7, 687, 000

Europe: A Peninsula of Peninsulas? OR A Peninsula of Asia?

Europe: An Asian Peninsula?

Northern Peninsulas Scandinavian Peninsula Jutland Peninsula

Southern Peninsulas Iberian Peninsula Crimean Peninsula Italian Peninsula Balkan Peninsula

. Pe n n ia na v di an Sc P e n i n s u l a s Jutland Pen. Crimean Pen. Italian Pen. Iberian Pen. Balkan Pen.

B o d i e s Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Baltic Sea el of n han C h glis En Caspian Sea Bay of Biscay ria Ad Dardanelles Strait of Gibraltar Tyrrhenian Sea ea S tic W a t e r North Sea Aegean Sea Mediterranean Sea Black Sea

The Mediterranean Sea Strait of Gibraltar & the “Pillars of Hercules” 2, 400 miles long & 1, 000 miles wide “Crossroads of 3 Continents”

R . . R er iep . R. la Dn u st r R Ti nu be R be r R . R. Volga D on Vi Ebro R. de . Da Po R. Tagus R. O R R. . R R. be e e in Loire El in Rh Thames R. Se R i v e r s .

The Danube River 1770 mil es

The Danube River Biking along the Danube Where Buda & Pest Meet Flows through the 12 countries of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine.

The Volga River It’s the longest river in Europe --> 2, 300 miles.

The Volga River The river is so polluted that the sturgeon catch has been decreased by 60%.

Why are most of the capitals of Europe on major rivers?

Capitals on the Rivers London on the Thames Paris, right bank of the Seine Prague on the Vltava Budapest on the Danube

Capitals on the Rivers Moscow on the Moscow River Berlin on the Spree Rome on the Tiber Vienna on the Danube

What’s the answer? ?

Answer: They are Europe’s lifeline!

s. Mt l Ura M o u t a i n s Carp & P e a k s athia n Py Alps Mts. ren ne s M ts. Di na Ap en nin es ric A lp s M Mt. Vesuvius ^ ts. Mt. Olympus ^ Mt. Etna ^ Mts. Caucasus Mts.

Elevation Urals Caucasus Pyrennes Alps Carpathians Apennines

The Alps cover most of Switzerland, Austria, and parts of Italy and France.

Mt. Blanc in the Alps It’s the highest mountain in the Alps: 15, 771 feet.

The Caucasus Mountains The origin of the word Caucasian.

Transylvania in the Carpathian Mountains Home of Vlad Tepeš, the Drakul (“Count Dracula”)

15 00 m ile s Ural Mountains: “The Great Divide” It divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.

The Ural Mountains

owlands L n ia r e ib S P l a i n s Nor in n Pla a e p Euro thern pes Step

The BENELUX Countries * Belgium * Netherlands * Luxembourg

Holland’s Dikes

Amsterdam’s Canals

P l a t e a u s Meseta

Pe n . owlands L n ia r e ib S Sc an di s. na v Mt ia n l Ura Baltic Sea in n Pla a e p Euro thern D on R. Volga Jutland North Pen. Sea Vi . . R R er iep . R. la Dn u st r R de O . R be El R. e in Rh R el. Thames R. n n r a o N s Ch h ppe s e i t l S g Carp En athia n Mts Loire Caspian. R. Caucasus Mts. Sea Da Bay of n Alps Mts. Biscay. Py ub Crimean Pen. Di ren na e Po R. R ric ne Balkan Pen. Black. Ap A s M Italian Pen. Tagus R. l e T p ts. Sea ib nn s Dardanelles er ine R s Strait Iberian Pen. Mt. s Mt. Vesuvius ^. Ebro R. Anatolean Pen. Mt. Olympus ^ Aegean Tyrrhenian Strait of Sea Gibraltar Mt. Etna ^ Peloponnesian Pen. e in ea S tic ria Ad M a p Atlantic Ocean Se C o m p l e t e d Arctic Ocean

10, 000 BCE – Ice Age

Norwegian Fjords Glaciers cut deep valleys in the ocean during the Ice Age.

Earthquake Zones

Reykjavik, Iceland: “The Youngest Oldest Country” • Volcanoes • Hot Springs • Geysers

Mediterranean Islands The are generally rugged & mountainous. The Mediterranean Sea is so polluted that it will take 1000 years to clean up. Sardinia Cyprus Malta

Mt. Etna, Sicily an active volcano

Mt. Vesuvius, Italy Pompeii, 79 CE 1944 eruption Herculaneum, 79 CE

Eastern Europe

Russia’s 10 Time Zones

Siberia --> Permafrost The average temperatures of January vary from 0 to -50°C and in July from 1 to 25°C. a former “gulag” Soviet prison camp 150, 000 population.

Lake Baikal, Siberia It’s the oldest and deepest lake in the world. 20% of the world’s total unfrozen water supply

Trans-Siberian Railroad It was completed in 1905.

Trans-Siberian Railroad The main line runs 5, 785 miles.

Europe’s Latitude v. US

Climate

Average Annual Precipitation

Europe’s Natural Regions

The North European Plain

The Northern European Plain --> An Invasion Route into Asia (& Vice Versa? )

Steppes: “Soviet” Breadbasket

The Steppes 25% of the old Soviet Union’s food supply

Germany’s Black Forest

Germany’s Black Forest

Tundra: The Not-So-Barren Land Below the Arctic Circle

L a n d U s e

Agricultural Activity

R E S O U R C E S

Major Industrial Resources

Oil Export Routes in the Caucasus Area

Major Environmental Disasters & Pollution Problems

Acid Rain

World Population by Continents Asia 3, 737, 000 Africa 823, 000 Europe 729, 000 North America 486, 000 South America 351, 000 Oceania (incl. Australia) 31, 000 Antarctica no permanent population

Major Religious Groups in Europe

Population Density [People Per Square Mile] Belgium 336. 82 Mexico 52. 15 Japan 336. 72 United States 29. 77 India 336. 62 World 14. 42 United Kingdom 244. 69 Norway 14. 42 Italy 192. 96 Canada 3. 36 France 108. 09 Russia 8. 61

Population Distribution

Population Growth

Members of the Indo-European Language Family