Zumdahl De Coste World of CHEMISTRY Chapter 20

Zumdahl De. Coste World of CHEMISTRY

Chapter 20 Organic Chemistry Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Figure 20. 1: Methane is a tetrahedral molecule. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 3

Figure 20. 2: The Lewis structure of ethane. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 4

Figure 20. 2: A space-filling model of ethane. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 5

Figure 20. 2: A ball-and-stick model of ethane. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 6

Figure 20. 3: Structure of propane. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 7

Figure 20. 3: Structure of butane. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 8

Figure 20. 4: Structural isomers of C 4 H 10. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 9

Figure 20. 5: Energy sources used in the United States. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 10

Figure 20. 6: Ball-and-stick model of ethylene. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 11

Figure 20. 7: Benzene C 6 H 6. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 12

Figure 20. 8: Two Lewis structures for the benzene ring. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 13

Figure 20. 8: Shorthand notation for benzene rings. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 14

Figure 20. 9: The bonding in the benzene ring is a combination of different Lewis structures. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 15

Figure 20. 10: Names of some common monosubstitut ed benzenes. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 16

Figure 20. 13: Some carboxylic acids. Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 17

Table 20. 2 Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 18

Table 20. 5 Copyright© by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 19