World History Unit 4 Connecting Hemispheres 900 1800
- Slides: 45
World History Unit 4 Connecting Hemispheres: 900 - 1800
Chapter 20 The Atlantic World, 1492 -1800 A. D. Section 1 Spanish Conquests in the Americas
January 26, 2016 R. A. P. #1 (pg. 132 in ISN) On page 116, write out the 3 geography questions and answer them. _______ W. I. O. use page 121 to write & answer the 2 Geography questions Today’s WOW: write cover page for CH. 4 CHAPTER FOUR THE ATLANTIC WORLD Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas? (GET A GLUE STICKmake a pocket!) Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?
Spanish Conquests in the Americas • • Objectives To describe the Spanish conquest of the Americas beginning with Columbus. To describe the conquest of the Aztec and Inca by the Spanish. To identify the effects of Spanish colonization on the Americas. Vocabulary: Christopher Columbus, colony, Hernando Cortez, conquistadors, Montezuma II, Francisco Pizarro, mestizo, encomienda
The Voyages of Christopher Columbus • Columbus sailed for Spain, heading west looking for an alternate route to Asia • October 1492, he lands on a Caribbean island (Bahamas) and claims it and other islands for Spain • Columbus returned again in 1493, hoping to establish colonies (lands that are controlled by another nation)…pg. 119 • http: //hondatech. com/showthread. php? p=49217616
January 27, 2016 R. A. P. #2 (pg. 136 ISN) Answer the 2 Graph questions on page 122 _______ W. I. O. Read answer the questions on pg. 118 Taking a few notes on today’s WOW Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?
Voyages of Columbus Goal = sea route to India • San Salvador in Caribbean • los indios (Indians) • Colonies
Discoveries of Other Explorers • Amerigo Vespucci - Declared S. America was Mundus Novus or “New World” - Americas named after him Waldseemuller’s Map – labeled S. America after Amerigo
Balboa crosses Panama
Other Explorers • 1500 – Portuguese explorer Cabral reached Brazil • 1507 - Amerigo Vespucci traveled along coast of S. America; realized it wasn’t Asia • 1513 – Spanish explorer, Balboa, crosses Panama to the Pacific • 1519 - Ferdinand Magellan sailed around tip of South America into Pacific; his crew arrived back in Spain in 1522 – the first people to circumnavigate the world
Spanish Conquests in Mexico • Spanish conquistadores (conquerors) looking for gold and silver were the first Europeans to settle in the Americas • 1519 – Hernando Cortés lands in Mexico; conquers the Aztecs with superior weapons, horses, help from other native groups who hated the Aztec (remember human sacrifices? ), and disease…(pg. 120) • Diseases eventually killed millions of native people of central Mexico • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=h. QKJRn. Pp. I xw
Spanish Conquests in Peru • 1532 – Francisco Pizarro leads an army into Peru • Meets the Incan leader, Atahualpa, who is kidnapped and then killed • Pizarro’s army then conquers the Incan capital of Cuzco • By the mid-16 th century, Spain had created an empire in the Americas. . (pg. 122)
Spain’s American Empire
Encomienda System of encomienda in which natives farmed or mined for Spanish landlords for almost no pay —(suffered cruel and harsh treatment) -Native workers often worked to death
Mestizos • Descendants of the peninsulares (Spanish settlers) and native women were mestizos (mixed Spanish and native American) • Spanish settlers imposed their culture on the native population
Assessment 1) Columbus’ 1 st named island 2) main reason for Columbus’ 2 nd voyage 3) lands controlled by another nation 4) he claimed Brazil for Portugal 5) new continent America named for him 6) 1 st to circumnavigate the earth 7) he conquered the Aztec Empire 8) this term means ‘conquerors’ 9) he conquered the Incan Empire 10) define ‘encomienda’ 1) San Salvador 2) Spanish settlement 3) colonies 4) Pedro Alvares Cabral 5) Amerigo Vespucci 6) Ferdinand Magellan 7) Hernando Cortes 8) conquistadors 9) Francisco Pizarro 10) native labor system
Spain’s American Empire Hernando Cortes & Aztecs - 1519 – conquistadors (conquerors) • gold and silver – Aztec Empire - 1521 • 600 men • Tenochtitlan – Aztec capital • Montezuma II – Aztec emperor • Reasons for conquest – weapons, allies, disease Francisco Pizarro & Incas - 1532 – 200 men vs. 30, 000 men • Atahaulpa – Incan emperor – Spain creates empire in current day Peru
Spanish Conquests in the Americas • • Objectives To describe the Spanish conquest of the Americas beginning with Columbus: San Salvador, Magellan – globe (circumnavigate) To describe the conquest of the Aztec and Inca by the Spanish. Cortez - Mexico-Aztec conquest, Pizarro - Peru-Inca conquest, disease and slavery decimate native populations To identify the effects of Spanish colonization on the Americas. Spanish advance to N. America, missionaries establish Catholic missions, Native American peoples resist colonization Vocabulary: Christopher Columbus, colony, Hernando Cortez, conquistadors, Montezuma II, Francisco Pizarro, mestizo, encomienda
Chapter 20 The Atlantic World, 1492 -1800 A. D. Section 2 Competing Claims in North America
Wednesday, December 17, 2014 R. A. P. #22 (pg. 138 in ISN) Write and answer 2 geography questions on pg. 130 _______ W. I. O. What was the French and Indian War fought over? pg. 129 -130 “England Battles France” Take out 4. 1 & 4. 2 ? ’s, glue in after we go over these -If you were absent, you need to get the notes from my Master ISN or a friend! - 50 point QUIZ ON 4. 1 & 4. 2 Thursday! Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?
January 28, 2016 R. A. P. #3 (pg. 138 in ISN) Write and answer 2 geography questions on pg. 130 _______ W. I. O. What was the French and Indian War fought over? pg. 129 -130 “England Battles France” Quiz on Chapter 4. 1 and 4. 2 tomorrow (open notes) Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?
Competing Claims in North America Objectives • To identify the French, English, and Dutch colonial activities in North America. • To summarize competing claims in North America. • Vocabulary: New France, Jamestown, Pilgrims, Puritans, New Netherland, French and Indian War
Competing Claims in N. America Settling North America – route to Asia • settle for trade / colonies – New France • Jacques Cartier – St. Lawrence, Montreal • Samuel de Champlain - 1608 – Quebec • Sieur de La Salle - 1683 – Louisiana • Establish fur trade rather than colonies • Midwest U. S. & E. Canada – England • Jamestown - 1607 – gold – 70% death rate – 1 st permanent settlement
Competing Claims in N. America Puritan New England – Pilgrims - 1620 • Plymouth • separatists – Puritans - 1630 • Massachusetts Bay • purify • families – Dutch • Henry Hudson - 1609 – Hudson Bay – Manhattan Island • Dutch West India Co. - 1621 – New Netherland » N. American holdings • Trade • Diversity
Competing Claims in N. America Fight For N. America – James, Duke of York - 1664 • ousts Dutch (New York) – English colonists • 1. 3 M by 1750 – French and Indian War • • 1754 -1763 English defeat French England gets E. North America Spain gets Louisiana – Dutch & French / Indians • trade alliance
French and Indian Wars
Competing Claims in North America • • Objectives To identify the French, English, and Dutch colonial activities in North America. French - St. Lawrence and Mississippi, fur trade; English Jamestown, religious freedom; Dutch - diverse population To summarize competing claims in North America. English drive Dutch from New Netherland; English defeat French in Seven Years’ War To describe the Native American response to the land claims made by Europeans. French & Dutch trade with natives; English colonies conflict; disease decimation Vocabulary: New France, Jamestown, Pilgrims, Puritans, New Netherland, French and Indian War,
January 29, 2016 RAP #4 (pg. 140 ISN) Why did the issues of land religion cause strife between Native Americans and settlers? Pg. 131 (textbook) _______ W. I. O. Who was King Philip? What was King Philip’s War? (pg. 131) Quiz on Chapter 4. 1 and 4. 2 today (open notes) Essential Question: What was the impact of European exploration and colonization of the Americas?
Assessment 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) What passage were Europeans looking for? founded French colony at Quebec French / Dutch traded natives for these 1 st permanent English settlement wanted to separate from the English church religious reformers who founded colony at Massachusetts Bay 7) Dutch colony that would later be New York 8) the Europeans who had the most colonists by 1750 9) the winners in the French and Indian War 10) Indian also known as King Philip 1) western route to Asia 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Champlain beaver furs Jamestown Pilgrims Puritans 7) New Netherland 8) English 9) England 10) Metacom
Dutch Hudson Bay Company
http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=rjh. Izem. L dos
Chapter 20 The Atlantic World, 1492 -1800 A. D. Section 3 The Atlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic Slave Trade • • • Objectives To summarize the evolution of the slave trade. To describe the triangular trade and the middle passage. To describe the life of slaves in the colonies. To identify the consequences of the Atlantic slave trade. Vocabulary: Atlantic slave trade, triangular trade, middle passage
The Atlantic Slave Trade Evolution of Slavery • Africa – minor institution – Islam - 7 th century • non-Muslim POWs • 4. 8 million slaves – men - military – women - domestic servants • not hereditary • European Colonies – mines and plantations – Advantages • immunity to European diseases • experience in farming • less likely to escape
The Atlantic Slave Trade – buying and selling of Africans for work in the Americas – 1500 -1600: 300, 000 – 1600 -1700: 1. 5 million – 1700 -1870: 9. 5 million • Spain – 1511 - 1 st to import slaves – mines and plantations • Portugal – Brazilian sugar plantations – 3. 6 million • Caribbean – sugar, tobacco, coffee • North America – 400, 000 imported slaves
The Atlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic Slave Trade African Rulers – Africans captured inland – Slave port cities – gold, guns, metal tools Triangular Trade – Europe to Africa • slaves – Africa to Americas • sugar, coffee, tobacco – Americas to Europe Middle Passage – 250 -300 per ship – 20% death rate • disease, suicide, executions
The Atlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic Slave Trade Slavery in America – highest bidder – mines, fields, domestics – hereditary • Resistance – sabotage, slowdowns, escape, rebellions Consequences – – – lost generations families torn apart introduction of firearms economic development cultural diffusion mixed populations
The Atlantic Slave Trade • • • Objectives To summarize the evolution of the slave trade. Spain, Portugal, Holland, France, and England import slaves; Many Africans profit, some rulers oppose To describe the triangular trade and the middle passage. Europe, to Africa, to Americas; Middle passage=millions of slaves; 1 in 5 African slaves die in middle passage To describe the life of slaves in the colonies. Africans sold for work on plantations or mines; slaves resist through sabotage, uprisings, escape, and heritage preservation To identify the consequences of the Atlantic slave trade. African families torn apart; loss of African generations; Americas economies prosper; multicultural Americas populations Vocabulary: Atlantic slave trade, triangular trade, middle passage
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