Taxonomy Science of Classifying Naming Organisms Taxonomist l

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Taxonomy Science of Classifying & Naming Organisms

Taxonomy Science of Classifying & Naming Organisms

Taxonomist l scientist who practices the art of classifying organisms

Taxonomist l scientist who practices the art of classifying organisms

Classification l The grouping of objects or information based on similarities

Classification l The grouping of objects or information based on similarities

Systems of Classification An historic view

Systems of Classification An historic view

1. Aristotle 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Greek Philosopher Developed the first method of

1. Aristotle 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Greek Philosopher Developed the first method of classification Two Kingdom System I. e. : Plants and animals Did not show the natural relationships among organisms

Aristotle 5. Plants l Trees l Shrubs l Herbs

Aristotle 5. Plants l Trees l Shrubs l Herbs

Aristotle 6. Animals l Air l Land l Water

Aristotle 6. Animals l Air l Land l Water

Middle Ages 1. Scientists started using Latin for naming organisms 2. Why? Language of

Middle Ages 1. Scientists started using Latin for naming organisms 2. Why? Language of scholars, universal, dead

Middle Ages Examples: 1. Canis = 2. Felis = 3. Equis =

Middle Ages Examples: 1. Canis = 2. Felis = 3. Equis =

Classmate Polynomials l l l Develop a polynomial to describe yourself. You can use

Classmate Polynomials l l l Develop a polynomial to describe yourself. You can use physical characteristics/traits, behavioral characteristics (things you do), interests. Your polynomial must contain 6+ words. Much to the dismay of Middle Age Scientists, I’ll let you write in English!

3. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature l l l “Modern” system – every species has

3. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature l l l “Modern” system – every species has a two word Latin name Developed by Carolus Linneaus (Carl von Linne) ie. Genus + descriptive word

3. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature Scientific name = genus + descriptive word

3. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature Scientific name = genus + descriptive word

3. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature l Example #1 Homo sapiens Homo = sapiens =

3. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature l Example #1 Homo sapiens Homo = sapiens =

3. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature Example #2 and #3 Quercus alba and Quercus rubra

3. Carolus Linnaeus Binomial Nomenclature Example #2 and #3 Quercus alba and Quercus rubra Quercus = alba = rubra =

Be Mindful! Other species may have the same descriptive term. ex. Betta rubra (red

Be Mindful! Other species may have the same descriptive term. ex. Betta rubra (red betta fish) Myrmica rubra (Common red ant)

Rules for Writing a Scientific Name Homo sapiens or Homo sapiens 1. Name is

Rules for Writing a Scientific Name Homo sapiens or Homo sapiens 1. Name is underlined or italicized 2. First word (genus) is capitalized, second word (descriptive) is lower-case 3. Abbreviation = H. sapiens or H. sapiens

Notable Names 1. 2. 3. 4. Abra cadabra (clam) Agra vation (caribid beetle…nothing aggravating

Notable Names 1. 2. 3. 4. Abra cadabra (clam) Agra vation (caribid beetle…nothing aggravating @ it!) Dissup irae (hard to see fossil fly) Cyclocephala nodanotherwon (scarab beetle discovered by a scientist named Ratcliffe) Curiosities of Biological Nomenclature by Mark Isaak, http: //www. curioustaxonomy. net/puns. html. . . link on Edline

Biological Hierarchy of Classification for the Honey Bee Domain = Kingdom = Phylum =

Biological Hierarchy of Classification for the Honey Bee Domain = Kingdom = Phylum = Class = Order = Family = Genus = Species = http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Honeybee

Biological Hierarchy of Classification for a Human Being Domain = Kingdom = Phylum =

Biological Hierarchy of Classification for a Human Being Domain = Kingdom = Phylum = Class = Order = Family = Genus = Species = http: //anthro. palomar. edu/animal/table_ humans. htm

Mneumonic for Human Classification by Emily Theobald l Every Adorable Cat Makes People Have

Mneumonic for Human Classification by Emily Theobald l Every Adorable Cat Makes People Have Heart “Hattacks”!

Three Domain System of Classification l l l Three domains- Archea, Bacteria and Eukarya

Three Domain System of Classification l l l Three domains- Archea, Bacteria and Eukarya Archea-archeabacteria Bacteria-Eubacteria Eukarya-”Eukaryotic” organisms-kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia Form of classification based on an evolutionary model comparing RNA found in cells & cell membrane structure

Three Domain Classification Scheme

Three Domain Classification Scheme

Biological Hierarchy of Classification Domain= Kingdom = Phylum = agroup of closely related classes

Biological Hierarchy of Classification Domain= Kingdom = Phylum = agroup of closely related classes (called divisions in plants) Class = Order = Family = Genus = a group of closely related species Species = a group of organisms that can reproduce successfully with each other

How Relationships are Determined l 1. 2. 3. 4. Four things: Similarities in structure

How Relationships are Determined l 1. 2. 3. 4. Four things: Similarities in structure DNA Behavior Evolutionary relationships

What is the complete classification of the following organisms: A. Fox B. Frog C.

What is the complete classification of the following organisms: A. Fox B. Frog C. Squirrel D. Lion

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Classification and Taxonomy Classifying Organisms Taxonomy the scienceClassification and Taxonomy Classifying Organisms Taxonomy the science
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Taxonomy The science of naming and classifying organismsTaxonomy The science of naming and classifying organisms
Taxonomy The science of naming and classifying organismsTaxonomy The science of naming and classifying organisms
Taxonomy The science of naming and classifying organismsTaxonomy The science of naming and classifying organisms
Taxonomy The science of naming and classifying organismsTaxonomy The science of naming and classifying organisms
TAXONOMY the science of naming and classifying organismsTAXONOMY the science of naming and classifying organisms
TAXONOMY The Science of Naming and Classifying OrganismsTAXONOMY The Science of Naming and Classifying Organisms
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Taxonomy science of classifying organisms groups related organismsTaxonomy science of classifying organisms groups related organisms
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CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS TAXONOMY TAXONOMY DESCRIBING CLASSIFYING ANDCLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS TAXONOMY TAXONOMY DESCRIBING CLASSIFYING AND
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EVOLUTION Taxonomy Taxonomy is the science of classifyingEVOLUTION Taxonomy Taxonomy is the science of classifying
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