Taxonomy Classification of Living Organisms Taxonomy Taxonomy The

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Taxonomy Classification of Living Organisms

Taxonomy Classification of Living Organisms

Taxonomy • Taxonomy- The branch of science related to the classification of living organisms

Taxonomy • Taxonomy- The branch of science related to the classification of living organisms • Organisms in the same category have similar traits. • Domains and Kingdoms will have the greatest number of species with the most general similarity in traits • Organisms that are in the same genus will share many traits and are closely related Domain

Taxonomy • Species name- Scientists name species by combining the genus and species. •

Taxonomy • Species name- Scientists name species by combining the genus and species. • The genus is capitalized and the species is not. Both are italicized. • Example- The genus for humans is Homo and the species is Sapiens. Homo sapiens or H. sapiens are acceptable. The species name for a Tiger Is Panthera tigris or P. tigris Panthera – Genus tigris- species

Domains of Life • The most general category. All of life is categorized into

Domains of Life • The most general category. All of life is categorized into 3 Domains: Archaea Bacteria Eukarya

Archaea • Prokaryotic Cells that have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles • Many

Archaea • Prokaryotic Cells that have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles • Many are extremophiles that live in extreme environments • Single Cell Organisms • Likely the among the 1 st forms of life

Bacteria • Prokaryotic Cells that have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles • Single

Bacteria • Prokaryotic Cells that have no nucleus or membrane bound organelles • Single Cell Organisms • First forms of life • Different than Archaea because cell walls are made of a different bio-molecule

Eukarya • Eukaryotic cells that have membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles •

Eukarya • Eukaryotic cells that have membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles • More complex cells that evolved after prokaryotic cells • Organisms in this Domain are single cell and multi-cellular

Eukarya Kingdoms • Eukaryotes are divided into 4 Kingdoms Protists Fungi Animalia Plantae

Eukarya Kingdoms • Eukaryotes are divided into 4 Kingdoms Protists Fungi Animalia Plantae

Protists • Protista are simple, predominately unicellular eukaryotic organisms. • Examples includes slime molds,

Protists • Protista are simple, predominately unicellular eukaryotic organisms. • Examples includes slime molds, euglenoids, algae, and protozoans. • Some use photosynthesis (autotrophs) and some consume their food (heterotrophs) • More complex than Archaea and Bacteria because they are Eukaryotic cells that have a nucleus.

Fungi • Fungi do not carry out photosynthesis and obtain nutrients through absorption. •

Fungi • Fungi do not carry out photosynthesis and obtain nutrients through absorption. • Examples include sac fungi, club fungi, yeasts, and molds. • Produce spores and are major decomposers

Animalia • Animals are multi-cellular organisms composed of eukaryotic cells. • The cells are

Animalia • Animals are multi-cellular organisms composed of eukaryotic cells. • The cells are organized into tissues and lack cell walls. • Heterotrophic-They do not carry out photosynthesis and obtain nutrients primarily by ingestion. • Examples include sponges, worms, insects, and vertebrates.

Plantae • Plants are multicellular organisms composed of eukaryotic cells. • The cells are

Plantae • Plants are multicellular organisms composed of eukaryotic cells. • The cells are organized into tissues and have cell walls. • Autotrophic-They obtain nutrients by photosynthesis. • Examples include mosses, ferns, conifers, and flowering plants.