STATUS OF THE NEO ACTIVITIES AT ESRIN J

STATUS OF THE NEO ACTIVITIES AT ESRIN J. L. Cano, M. Micheli, L. Faggioli, J. Martín, R. Rudawska, R. Cennamo, L. Conversi, D. Koschny, R. Jehn NEO Coordination Centre at ESRIN 12/09/2019 – AIDA International Workshop ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use

ESA’s NEO Coordination Centre NEOCC Roles: q Follow-up of asteroids by means of astronomical observations and associated astrometry q Asteroid orbit determination and impact monitoring q Operation of ESA´s dedicated portal: • Risk table • Close approaches • Priority list q Outreach and communication activities: news, newsletters, etc. q Attendance to and organisation of NEO events ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 2

Telescopic resources For follow-up: • ESA’s own telescopes, built and operated by ESA (e. g. ESA OGS) • Contracts for direct access to existing telescopes (e. g. Calar Alto Schmidt) • Contracts to support external European NEO observers (e. g. Klet) • Institutional collaborations with other agencies (e. g. with ESO for VLT) • Scientific proposals to access worldwide telescopes (e. g. KASI telescopes) • Specific collaborations with other observers and observatories (e. g. OASI) For survey (future): • Flyeye survey telescope currently under development ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 3

Recent observational activities • Contribution to the 2012 TC 4 campaign (recovered at V~27. 0) • Contribution to the (66391) 1999 KW 4 campaign • Confirmation of 1 I/ʻOumuamua with ESA OGS • Immediate follow-up of imminent impactors (e. g. 2018 LA and C 0 E 7 T 72) • (P)recovery of 2017 RH 16 (the highest-rated possible impactor of the century) • Negative precovery of 2017 XO 2 • Negative observation of 2006 QV 89 ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 4

ESA’s NEO Technical Portal Our webpage: http: //neo. ssa. esa. int ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 5

Main Services ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 6

Orbit Determination System (ODS) q Incorporated in 2017 as migrated and improved from NEODy. S q Processes MPC’s MPECs and JPL radar data to perform accurate OD for NEOs and non-NEOs q Hourly, daily, weekly and monthly MPC releases are processed q OD is based on a standard dynamical model, weighted non-linear least squares method and a differential corrections algorithm q Weighting and debiasing is applied to the processed observables q Automatic iterative outlier rejection algorithm q Rank deficiency properly detected and treated q Resulting information is provided in the NEOCC web portal ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 7

ESA’s NEO Technical Portal: Orbital Properties ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 8

ESA’s NEO Technical Portal: Close Approaches ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 9

Impact Monitoring System (IMS) q Impact Monitoring System has been recently delivered to NEOCC as migrated from NEODy. S q It propagates the orbits obtained by the ODS and checks for close approaches in the next 100 years q A scoring formula is used to evaluate what NEAs are to be submitted to the full IMS computations q For each object presenting a sufficient score value a LOV algorithm is used to identify the possible impact areas within the confidence region q Results will be provided within the Risk Page in the NEOCC web portal in the next months (at present still read from NEODy. S) ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 10

ESA’s NEO Technical Portal: Risk Page ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 11

Contribution of the NEOCC to observing campaigns The NEOCC has contributed to international observing campaigns, in collaboration with ESO and other partner observatories. As an example, we contributed to the IAWN campaign on (66931) 1999 KW 4, an analogue of Didymos: q Resolving the binary with AO on VLT, in collaboration with ESO (O. Hainaut) q Triggering our network of telescopes and observers to obtain test observations: • Low-elongation recovery: from Southern hemisphere for testing purposes • Lightcurves: coverage at various longitudes and rotational phases (ISON) • Physical observations: spectra and polarimetry tests ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 12

Possible observing contribution for Didymos Our Centre has access to a large network of collaborating observatories Some components may be used for characterization observations For example: q Agreement with IAC (Spain) to use their telescopes for observations in support to AIDA (P 3 -NEO-I contract) q The ISON network has excellent longitudinal coverage, and staff experienced in lightcurve determination q An existing ESA contract with ISON gives us access to a variety of observatories, some specifically dedicated to characterization q Some collaborating telescopes have polarimetric capabilities q Our collaborators at ESO have experience in direct AO imaging ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 13

Summary / Observations Our current observational goals and activities: q High-precision astrometry q Follow-up of NEOs with impact solutions q Rapid follow-up of candidate imminent impactors q Development of a worldwide network of collaborating telescopes q Organisation of observational campaigns q Attention to precovery opportunities for high-priority objects q Applicability of our resources to the observation of Dydimos ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 14

Summary / Information System q NEOCC operates ESA’s Information System about NEOs q NEOCC incorporated in the last period two key elements for its operations: the Orbit Determination System and the Impact Monitoring System q The System is also evolving: image DB management scripts, EARN ingestion scripts, Dev. Ops approach to system management and evolution, etc. q Continuous maintenance and evolution is a key concept for the system q Plans for future new services and system improvements are in place ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 15

THANK YOU! ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use

Data Centre and Data Systems Advances q Evolved Hybrid Hardware Infrastructure allowing redundancy, high availability, disaster recovery q CI/CD Ecosystem supporting Continuous Integration/Delivery and controlled deployment q Dev. Ops Model despite dislocated location of Development, Maintenance, HW (ICT) support, Testing and Operational Teams ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 17

Future Developments q Update of the web portal to more modern web displaying standards q Release of asteroid ephemeris generation tool q Release of a fireball information system q Release of new orbit visualisation tools q Possible incorporation of EU NEOShield-2 project output q Data management evolution in the Dev. Ops paradigm ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use AIDA International Workhop, 11 -13 September 2019, Aula Ottagona, Rome, Italy | 12/09/2019 | Slide 18