Product Architecture Teaching materials to accompany Product Design
![Product Architecture Teaching materials to accompany: Product Design and Development Chapter 10 Karl T. Product Architecture Teaching materials to accompany: Product Design and Development Chapter 10 Karl T.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-1.jpg)
![Product Design and Development Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger 5 th edition, Product Design and Development Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger 5 th edition,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-2.jpg)
![Product Development Process Planning Concept Development System-Level Design Platform decision Concept decision Decomposition decision Product Development Process Planning Concept Development System-Level Design Platform decision Concept decision Decomposition decision](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-3.jpg)
![Product Architecture Example: Hewlett-Packard Desk. Jet Printer Product Architecture Example: Hewlett-Packard Desk. Jet Printer](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-4.jpg)
![Outline • • Definition Modularity Steps for creating the architecture Related system level design Outline • • Definition Modularity Steps for creating the architecture Related system level design](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-5.jpg)
![Definition – Product Architecture • A scheme by which the functional elements of the Definition – Product Architecture • A scheme by which the functional elements of the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-6.jpg)
![Product Architecture: Definition The arrangement of functional elements into physical chunks which become the Product Architecture: Definition The arrangement of functional elements into physical chunks which become the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-7.jpg)
![Considerations at product architecturing • How will it affect the ability to offer product Considerations at product architecturing • How will it affect the ability to offer product](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-8.jpg)
![Modular vs. integrated architecture • Modular – Chunks implement one or a few functional Modular vs. integrated architecture • Modular – Chunks implement one or a few functional](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-9.jpg)
![Factors affecting architecture modularity • • • Product changes Product variety Component standardization Product Factors affecting architecture modularity • • • Product changes Product variety Component standardization Product](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-10.jpg)
![Factors affecting architecture modularity (product changes) For modular architecture • Allows to minimize the Factors affecting architecture modularity (product changes) For modular architecture • Allows to minimize the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-11.jpg)
![Factors affecting architecture modularity (product variety) • The range of products (models) concurrently available Factors affecting architecture modularity (product variety) • The range of products (models) concurrently available](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-12.jpg)
![Factors affecting architecture modularity • Component standardization – Use the same components in multiple Factors affecting architecture modularity • Component standardization – Use the same components in multiple](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-13.jpg)
![Factors affecting architecture modularity • Product performance (for integrated design) – Allow optimizing the Factors affecting architecture modularity • Product performance (for integrated design) – Allow optimizing the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-14.jpg)
![Factors affecting architecture modularity • Manufacturability – DFM can be performed on the chunk-level Factors affecting architecture modularity • Manufacturability – DFM can be performed on the chunk-level](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-15.jpg)
![Factors affecting architecture modularity • Product development management – Better for modular architecture • Factors affecting architecture modularity • Product development management – Better for modular architecture •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-16.jpg)
![Architecture Design Process • • create a schematic of the product cluster the elements Architecture Design Process • • create a schematic of the product cluster the elements](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-17.jpg)
![Creating a product schematic • Create a schematic diagram representing the (physical or functional) Creating a product schematic • Create a schematic diagram representing the (physical or functional)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-18.jpg)
![Cluster the elements of the schematic • Factors for considering clustering – – – Cluster the elements of the schematic • Factors for considering clustering – – –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-19.jpg)
![Creating a rough geometric layout • A geometric system layout in – 2 D Creating a rough geometric layout • A geometric system layout in – 2 D](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-20.jpg)
![Identify the fundamental and incidental interactions • Fundamental interactions – Those which connect the Identify the fundamental and incidental interactions • Fundamental interactions – Those which connect the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-21.jpg)
![Differentiation Postponement (delayed differentiation) • The timing of differentiation in the supply chain – Differentiation Postponement (delayed differentiation) • The timing of differentiation in the supply chain –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-22.jpg)
![Platform planning • Trade-off decision between – Differentiation plan • Difference in product attributes Platform planning • Trade-off decision between – Differentiation plan • Difference in product attributes](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-23.jpg)
![Guidelines for managing platform trade-off • Platform planning decision should be informed by quantitative Guidelines for managing platform trade-off • Platform planning decision should be informed by quantitative](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-24.jpg)
![Related system-level design issues • A recursive process – Defining secondary systems – Establishing Related system-level design issues • A recursive process – Defining secondary systems – Establishing](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-25.jpg)
![Trailer Example: Modular Architecture box protect cargo from weather hitch connect to vehicle fairing Trailer Example: Modular Architecture box protect cargo from weather hitch connect to vehicle fairing](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-26.jpg)
![Trailer Example: Integral Architecture upper half protect cargo from weather lower half connect to Trailer Example: Integral Architecture upper half protect cargo from weather lower half connect to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-27.jpg)
![What is this? What is this?](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-28.jpg)
![Nail Clippers? Nail Clippers?](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-29.jpg)
![Modular Product Architectures • Chunks implement one or a few functions entirely. • Interactions Modular Product Architectures • Chunks implement one or a few functions entirely. • Interactions](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-30.jpg)
![Platform Architecture of the Sony Walkman Platform Architecture of the Sony Walkman](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-31.jpg)
![Integral Product Architectures • Functional elements are implemented by multiple chunks, or a chunk Integral Product Architectures • Functional elements are implemented by multiple chunks, or a chunk](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-32.jpg)
![Choosing the Product Architecture decisions relate to product planning and concept development decisions: • Choosing the Product Architecture decisions relate to product planning and concept development decisions: •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-33.jpg)
![Ford Taurus Integrated Control Panel Ford Taurus Integrated Control Panel](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-34.jpg)
![Modular or Integral Architecture? Apple i. Book Motorola Star. TAC Cellular Phone Ford Explorer Modular or Integral Architecture? Apple i. Book Motorola Star. TAC Cellular Phone Ford Explorer](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-35.jpg)
![The concepts of integral and modular apply at several levels: • system • sub-system The concepts of integral and modular apply at several levels: • system • sub-system](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-36.jpg)
![Product Architecture = Decomposition + Interactions • Interactions within chunks • Interactions across chunks Product Architecture = Decomposition + Interactions • Interactions within chunks • Interactions across chunks](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-37.jpg)
![Establishing the Architecture To establish a modular architecture, create a schematic of the product, Establishing the Architecture To establish a modular architecture, create a schematic of the product,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-38.jpg)
![Product Architecture Example: Hewlett-Packard Desk. Jet Printer 10/29/2020 39 Product Architecture Example: Hewlett-Packard Desk. Jet Printer 10/29/2020 39](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-39.jpg)
![Desk. Jet Printer Schematic Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Functional or Physical Desk. Jet Printer Schematic Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Functional or Physical](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-40.jpg)
![Cluster Elements into Chunks Enclosure Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Chassis Functional Cluster Elements into Chunks Enclosure Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Chassis Functional](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-41.jpg)
![Geometric Layout Geometric Layout](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-42.jpg)
![Incidental Interactions User Interface Board Enclosure Styling Paper Tray Vibration Thermal Distortion Chassis Print Incidental Interactions User Interface Board Enclosure Styling Paper Tray Vibration Thermal Distortion Chassis Print](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-43.jpg)
![System Team Assignment Based on Product Architecture From “Innovation at the Speed of Information”, System Team Assignment Based on Product Architecture From “Innovation at the Speed of Information”,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-44.jpg)
![Planning a Modular Product Line: Commonality Table Differentiation versus Commonality Trade off product variety Planning a Modular Product Line: Commonality Table Differentiation versus Commonality Trade off product variety](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-45.jpg)
![Product Model Lifetime Fract ion Surv iv ing Sony AIWA Toshiba Panasonic Average Life Product Model Lifetime Fract ion Surv iv ing Sony AIWA Toshiba Panasonic Average Life](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-46.jpg)
![Swapping Modularity Sharing Modularity Sectional Modularity Bus Modularity Fabricate-to-Fit Modularity Mix Modularity Adapted from Swapping Modularity Sharing Modularity Sectional Modularity Bus Modularity Fabricate-to-Fit Modularity Mix Modularity Adapted from](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-47.jpg)
![Audio System Exercise: Where are the Chunks? Audio System Exercise: Where are the Chunks?](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-48.jpg)
![Fundamental Decisions • • • Integral vs. modular architecture? What type of modularity? How Fundamental Decisions • • • Integral vs. modular architecture? What type of modularity? How](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-49.jpg)
![Practical Concerns • Planning is essential to achieve the desired variety and product change Practical Concerns • Planning is essential to achieve the desired variety and product change](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-50.jpg)
![Product Architecture: Conclusions • Architecture choices define the sub-systems and modules of the product Product Architecture: Conclusions • Architecture choices define the sub-systems and modules of the product](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-51.jpg)
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- Slides: 66
![Product Architecture Teaching materials to accompany Product Design and Development Chapter 10 Karl T Product Architecture Teaching materials to accompany: Product Design and Development Chapter 10 Karl T.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-1.jpg)
Product Architecture Teaching materials to accompany: Product Design and Development Chapter 10 Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger 5 th Edition, Irwin Mc. Graw-Hill, 2012.
![Product Design and Development Karl T Ulrich and Steven D Eppinger 5 th edition Product Design and Development Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger 5 th edition,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-2.jpg)
Product Design and Development Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger 5 th edition, Irwin Mc. Graw-Hill, 2012. Chapter Table of Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Development Processes and Organizations 3. Opportunity Identification 4. Product Planning 5. Identifying Customer Needs 6. Product Specifications 7. Concept Generation 8. Concept Selection 9. Concept Testing 10. Product Architecture 11. Industrial Design 12. Design for Environment 13. Design for Manufacturing 14. Prototyping 15. Robust Design 16. Patents and Intellectual Property 17. Product Development Economics 18. Managing Projects
![Product Development Process Planning Concept Development SystemLevel Design Platform decision Concept decision Decomposition decision Product Development Process Planning Concept Development System-Level Design Platform decision Concept decision Decomposition decision](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-3.jpg)
Product Development Process Planning Concept Development System-Level Design Platform decision Concept decision Decomposition decision Detail Design Testing and Refinement Production Ramp-Up Product architecture is determined early in the development process.
![Product Architecture Example HewlettPackard Desk Jet Printer Product Architecture Example: Hewlett-Packard Desk. Jet Printer](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-4.jpg)
Product Architecture Example: Hewlett-Packard Desk. Jet Printer
![Outline Definition Modularity Steps for creating the architecture Related system level design Outline • • Definition Modularity Steps for creating the architecture Related system level design](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-5.jpg)
Outline • • Definition Modularity Steps for creating the architecture Related system level design issues 10/29/2020 5
![Definition Product Architecture A scheme by which the functional elements of the Definition – Product Architecture • A scheme by which the functional elements of the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-6.jpg)
Definition – Product Architecture • A scheme by which the functional elements of the product are arranged (or assigned) into physical building blocks (chunks) and by which the blocks interact. 10/29/2020 6
![Product Architecture Definition The arrangement of functional elements into physical chunks which become the Product Architecture: Definition The arrangement of functional elements into physical chunks which become the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-7.jpg)
Product Architecture: Definition The arrangement of functional elements into physical chunks which become the building blocks for the product or family of products. module Product module
![Considerations at product architecturing How will it affect the ability to offer product Considerations at product architecturing • How will it affect the ability to offer product](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-8.jpg)
Considerations at product architecturing • How will it affect the ability to offer product variety? • How will it affect the product cost? • How will it affect the design lead time? • How will it affect the development process management? 10/29/2020 8
![Modular vs integrated architecture Modular Chunks implement one or a few functional Modular vs. integrated architecture • Modular – Chunks implement one or a few functional](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-9.jpg)
Modular vs. integrated architecture • Modular – Chunks implement one or a few functional elements in their entirety (each functional element is implemented by exactly one physical chunks) – The interactions between chunks are well defined and are generally fundamental to the primary functions of the products. • Integrated – Functional elements of the product are implemented using more than one chunk – A single chunk implements many functions. – The interaction between chunks are ill defined and may be incidental to the primary functions of the products. 10/29/2020 9
![Factors affecting architecture modularity Product changes Product variety Component standardization Product Factors affecting architecture modularity • • • Product changes Product variety Component standardization Product](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-10.jpg)
Factors affecting architecture modularity • • • Product changes Product variety Component standardization Product performance Manufacturability Product development management 10/29/2020 10
![Factors affecting architecture modularity product changes For modular architecture Allows to minimize the Factors affecting architecture modularity (product changes) For modular architecture • Allows to minimize the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-11.jpg)
Factors affecting architecture modularity (product changes) For modular architecture • Allows to minimize the physical changes required to achieve a functional change Reasons for product changes • • upgrades add-ons adaptation (adapt to different operation environments) wear (e. g. , razors, tires, bearings) consumption (for example, toner cartridges, battery in cameras) flexibility in use (for users to reconfigure to exhibit different capabilities) re-use in creating subsequent products 10/29/2020 11
![Factors affecting architecture modularity product variety The range of products models concurrently available Factors affecting architecture modularity (product variety) • The range of products (models) concurrently available](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-12.jpg)
Factors affecting architecture modularity (product variety) • The range of products (models) concurrently available in the market • Modular can vary without adding tremendous complexity to the manufacturing system. 10/29/2020 12
![Factors affecting architecture modularity Component standardization Use the same components in multiple Factors affecting architecture modularity • Component standardization – Use the same components in multiple](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-13.jpg)
Factors affecting architecture modularity • Component standardization – Use the same components in multiple products – Increase production volumes 10/29/2020 13
![Factors affecting architecture modularity Product performance for integrated design Allow optimizing the Factors affecting architecture modularity • Product performance (for integrated design) – Allow optimizing the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-14.jpg)
Factors affecting architecture modularity • Product performance (for integrated design) – Allow optimizing the performance for an individual integrated architecture. – Allow function sharing • Implementing multiple functions using a single physical element. – Allow for redundancy to be eliminated through function sharing and geometric nesting • Thus could lower the manufacturing cost 10/29/2020 14
![Factors affecting architecture modularity Manufacturability DFM can be performed on the chunklevel Factors affecting architecture modularity • Manufacturability – DFM can be performed on the chunk-level](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-15.jpg)
Factors affecting architecture modularity • Manufacturability – DFM can be performed on the chunk-level but not across several chunks. • For example, minimize the total number of part counters. – Thus, it is more applicable to an integrated design. 10/29/2020 15
![Factors affecting architecture modularity Product development management Better for modular architecture Factors affecting architecture modularity • Product development management – Better for modular architecture •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-16.jpg)
Factors affecting architecture modularity • Product development management – Better for modular architecture • Each modular chunk is assigned to an individual or a small group • Known and relatively limited functional interactions with other chunks. – Not as easy for integrated architecture • Detailed designs will require close coordination among different groups. 10/29/2020 16
![Architecture Design Process create a schematic of the product cluster the elements Architecture Design Process • • create a schematic of the product cluster the elements](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-17.jpg)
Architecture Design Process • • create a schematic of the product cluster the elements of the schematic create a rough geometric layout identify the fundamental and incidental interactions. 10/29/2020 17
![Creating a product schematic Create a schematic diagram representing the physical or functional Creating a product schematic • Create a schematic diagram representing the (physical or functional)](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-18.jpg)
Creating a product schematic • Create a schematic diagram representing the (physical or functional) elements of the product, using blocks, arrows, and other notations. – Flow of forces or energy – Flow of material – Flow of signal or data 10/29/2020 18
![Cluster the elements of the schematic Factors for considering clustering Cluster the elements of the schematic • Factors for considering clustering – – –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-19.jpg)
Cluster the elements of the schematic • Factors for considering clustering – – – – Geometric integration and precision Function sharing Capability of vendors Similarity of design or production technology Localization of design (or part) change Accommodating variety Enabling standardization Portability of the interfaces 10/29/2020 19
![Creating a rough geometric layout A geometric system layout in 2 D Creating a rough geometric layout • A geometric system layout in – 2 D](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-20.jpg)
Creating a rough geometric layout • A geometric system layout in – 2 D or 3 D drawings, – 2 D or 3 D graphics, or – Physical models. 10/29/2020 20
![Identify the fundamental and incidental interactions Fundamental interactions Those which connect the Identify the fundamental and incidental interactions • Fundamental interactions – Those which connect the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-21.jpg)
Identify the fundamental and incidental interactions • Fundamental interactions – Those which connect the building blocks, such as energy flows, material flows, and data flows. • Incidental interactions – Those that arise because of geometric arrangements of the building blocks, such as thermal expansion or heat dissipation. 10/29/2020 21
![Differentiation Postponement delayed differentiation The timing of differentiation in the supply chain Differentiation Postponement (delayed differentiation) • The timing of differentiation in the supply chain –](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-22.jpg)
Differentiation Postponement (delayed differentiation) • The timing of differentiation in the supply chain – Modular components vs. final assembly for each model in the inventory. • Two principles 1. Differentiating elements must be concentrated in one or a few chunks 2. The product and production process must be designed so that the differentiating chunks can be added to the product near the end of the supply chain. 10/29/2020 22
![Platform planning Tradeoff decision between Differentiation plan Difference in product attributes Platform planning • Trade-off decision between – Differentiation plan • Difference in product attributes](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-23.jpg)
Platform planning • Trade-off decision between – Differentiation plan • Difference in product attributes from customer’s viewpoint – Commonality plan • The components which the product versions commonly share. Therefore, their physicals are the same across the products in the platform. 10/29/2020 23
![Guidelines for managing platform tradeoff Platform planning decision should be informed by quantitative Guidelines for managing platform trade-off • Platform planning decision should be informed by quantitative](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-24.jpg)
Guidelines for managing platform trade-off • Platform planning decision should be informed by quantitative estimates of cost and revenue implications. • Iteration is beneficial. • The nature of trade-off between differentiation and commonality is not fixed. – The product architecture dictates the nature of the trade-off. – The team may consider alternative architectures to enhance both differentiation and commonality. 10/29/2020 24
![Related systemlevel design issues A recursive process Defining secondary systems Establishing Related system-level design issues • A recursive process – Defining secondary systems – Establishing](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-25.jpg)
Related system-level design issues • A recursive process – Defining secondary systems – Establishing the architecture of the chunks – Creating detailed interface specifications 10/29/2020 25
![Trailer Example Modular Architecture box protect cargo from weather hitch connect to vehicle fairing Trailer Example: Modular Architecture box protect cargo from weather hitch connect to vehicle fairing](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-26.jpg)
Trailer Example: Modular Architecture box protect cargo from weather hitch connect to vehicle fairing minimize air drag bed support cargo loads springs suspend trailer structure wheels transfer loads to road
![Trailer Example Integral Architecture upper half protect cargo from weather lower half connect to Trailer Example: Integral Architecture upper half protect cargo from weather lower half connect to](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-27.jpg)
Trailer Example: Integral Architecture upper half protect cargo from weather lower half connect to vehicle nose piece minimize air drag cargo hanging straps support cargo loads spring slot covers suspend trailer structure wheels transfer loads to road
![What is this What is this?](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-28.jpg)
What is this?
![Nail Clippers Nail Clippers?](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-29.jpg)
Nail Clippers?
![Modular Product Architectures Chunks implement one or a few functions entirely Interactions Modular Product Architectures • Chunks implement one or a few functions entirely. • Interactions](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-30.jpg)
Modular Product Architectures • Chunks implement one or a few functions entirely. • Interactions between chunks are well defined. • Modular architecture has advantages in simplicity and reusability for a product family or platform. Swiss Army Knife Sony Walkman
![Platform Architecture of the Sony Walkman Platform Architecture of the Sony Walkman](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-31.jpg)
Platform Architecture of the Sony Walkman
![Integral Product Architectures Functional elements are implemented by multiple chunks or a chunk Integral Product Architectures • Functional elements are implemented by multiple chunks, or a chunk](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-32.jpg)
Integral Product Architectures • Functional elements are implemented by multiple chunks, or a chunk may implement many functions. • Interactions between chunks are poorly defined. • Integral architecture generally increases performance and reduces costs for any specific product model. High-Performance Wheels Compact Camera
![Choosing the Product Architecture decisions relate to product planning and concept development decisions Choosing the Product Architecture decisions relate to product planning and concept development decisions: •](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-33.jpg)
Choosing the Product Architecture decisions relate to product planning and concept development decisions: • Product Change (copier toner, camera lenses) • Product Variety (computers, automobiles) • Standardization (motors, bearings, fasteners) • Performance (racing bikes, fighter planes) • Manufacturing Cost (disk drives, razors) • Project Management (team capacity, skills) • System Engineering (decomposition, integration)
![Ford Taurus Integrated Control Panel Ford Taurus Integrated Control Panel](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-34.jpg)
Ford Taurus Integrated Control Panel
![Modular or Integral Architecture Apple i Book Motorola Star TAC Cellular Phone Ford Explorer Modular or Integral Architecture? Apple i. Book Motorola Star. TAC Cellular Phone Ford Explorer](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-35.jpg)
Modular or Integral Architecture? Apple i. Book Motorola Star. TAC Cellular Phone Ford Explorer Rollerblade In-Line Skates
![The concepts of integral and modular apply at several levels system subsystem The concepts of integral and modular apply at several levels: • system • sub-system](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-36.jpg)
The concepts of integral and modular apply at several levels: • system • sub-system • component
![Product Architecture Decomposition Interactions Interactions within chunks Interactions across chunks Product Architecture = Decomposition + Interactions • Interactions within chunks • Interactions across chunks](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-37.jpg)
Product Architecture = Decomposition + Interactions • Interactions within chunks • Interactions across chunks
![Establishing the Architecture To establish a modular architecture create a schematic of the product Establishing the Architecture To establish a modular architecture, create a schematic of the product,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-38.jpg)
Establishing the Architecture To establish a modular architecture, create a schematic of the product, and cluster the elements of the schematic to achieve the types of product variety desired.
![Product Architecture Example HewlettPackard Desk Jet Printer 10292020 39 Product Architecture Example: Hewlett-Packard Desk. Jet Printer 10/29/2020 39](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-39.jpg)
Product Architecture Example: Hewlett-Packard Desk. Jet Printer 10/29/2020 39
![Desk Jet Printer Schematic Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Functional or Physical Desk. Jet Printer Schematic Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Functional or Physical](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-40.jpg)
Desk. Jet Printer Schematic Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Functional or Physical Elements Position Cartridge In X-Axis Store Output Position Paper In Y-Axis Store Blank Paper “Pick” Paper Flow of forces or energy Flow of material Flow of signals or data Accept User Inputs Display Status Control Printer Supply DC Power Communicate with Host Connect to Host Command Printer
![Cluster Elements into Chunks Enclosure Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Chassis Functional Cluster Elements into Chunks Enclosure Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Chassis Functional](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-41.jpg)
Cluster Elements into Chunks Enclosure Enclose Printer Print Cartridge Provide Structural Support Chassis Functional or Physical Elements Position Cartridge In X-Axis Store Output Position Paper In Y-Axis Store Blank Paper “Pick” Paper Tray Print Mechanism Chunks User Interface Board Accept Display User Status Inputs Control Printer Communicate with Host Connect to Host Logic Board Power Cord and “Brick” Supply DC Power Command Printer Host Driver Software
![Geometric Layout Geometric Layout](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-42.jpg)
Geometric Layout
![Incidental Interactions User Interface Board Enclosure Styling Paper Tray Vibration Thermal Distortion Chassis Print Incidental Interactions User Interface Board Enclosure Styling Paper Tray Vibration Thermal Distortion Chassis Print](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-43.jpg)
Incidental Interactions User Interface Board Enclosure Styling Paper Tray Vibration Thermal Distortion Chassis Print Mechanism RF Shielding Thermal Distortion Logic Board RF Interference Power Cord and “Brick” Host Driver Software
![System Team Assignment Based on Product Architecture From Innovation at the Speed of Information System Team Assignment Based on Product Architecture From “Innovation at the Speed of Information”,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-44.jpg)
System Team Assignment Based on Product Architecture From “Innovation at the Speed of Information”, S. Eppinger, HBR, January 2001.
![Planning a Modular Product Line Commonality Table Differentiation versus Commonality Trade off product variety Planning a Modular Product Line: Commonality Table Differentiation versus Commonality Trade off product variety](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-45.jpg)
Planning a Modular Product Line: Commonality Table Differentiation versus Commonality Trade off product variety and production complexity
![Product Model Lifetime Fract ion Surv iv ing Sony AIWA Toshiba Panasonic Average Life Product Model Lifetime Fract ion Surv iv ing Sony AIWA Toshiba Panasonic Average Life](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-46.jpg)
Product Model Lifetime Fract ion Surv iv ing Sony AIWA Toshiba Panasonic Average Life 1. 0 Ot hers Sony 1. 18 yr 1. 97 yr 0. 8 0. 6 From Sanderson and Uzumeri, The Innovation Imperative, Irwin 1997. 0. 4 0. 2 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Survival Time (years)
![Swapping Modularity Sharing Modularity Sectional Modularity Bus Modularity FabricatetoFit Modularity Mix Modularity Adapted from Swapping Modularity Sharing Modularity Sectional Modularity Bus Modularity Fabricate-to-Fit Modularity Mix Modularity Adapted from](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-47.jpg)
Swapping Modularity Sharing Modularity Sectional Modularity Bus Modularity Fabricate-to-Fit Modularity Mix Modularity Adapted from K. Ulrich, ” The Role of Product Architecture in the Manufacturing Firm”, Research Policy, 1995. Types of Modularity
![Audio System Exercise Where are the Chunks Audio System Exercise: Where are the Chunks?](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-48.jpg)
Audio System Exercise: Where are the Chunks?
![Fundamental Decisions Integral vs modular architecture What type of modularity How Fundamental Decisions • • • Integral vs. modular architecture? What type of modularity? How](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-49.jpg)
Fundamental Decisions • • • Integral vs. modular architecture? What type of modularity? How to assign functions to chunks? How to assign chunks to teams? Which chunks to outsource?
![Practical Concerns Planning is essential to achieve the desired variety and product change Practical Concerns • Planning is essential to achieve the desired variety and product change](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-50.jpg)
Practical Concerns • Planning is essential to achieve the desired variety and product change capability. • Coordination is difficult, particularly across teams, companies, or great distances. • Special attention must be paid to handle complex interactions between chunks (system engineering methods).
![Product Architecture Conclusions Architecture choices define the subsystems and modules of the product Product Architecture: Conclusions • Architecture choices define the sub-systems and modules of the product](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-51.jpg)
Product Architecture: Conclusions • Architecture choices define the sub-systems and modules of the product platform or family. • Architecture determines: – ease of production variety – feasibility of customer modification – system-level production costs • Key Concepts: – modular vs. integral architecture – clustering into chunks – planning product families
![Other Images Other Images](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/20fbd09c2d348bc33abd84191052c271/image-52.jpg)
Other Images
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Hebrews 6:9-12 sermon
Accompany chapter 1
Venous drainage of upper limb
Accompany
Examples of integral product architecture
Cant stop the feeling go noodle
Useful and harmful things at home
Man made materials
Adopting materials
Direct materials budget with multiple materials
Remedial teaching materials for slow learners
Examples of audio visual materials in teaching
Development of teaching learning materials
Microteaching meaning
Service design generally differs from product design
National board component 2 examples
Architecture of accomplished teaching helix
Explain architecture business cycle
Call and return architecture
Modular product architecture
3 bus architecture
Solution
Materials: engineering, science, processing and design
Web design projects for high school students
Teaching as a design science
Product line architecture example
Domain specific software architecture
Product line architecture example
Product architecture mapping
Architecture analysis and design language
Plugin design pattern
Memory system design in computer architecture
Honeycomb design architecture
Digital design and computer architecture arm edition
Physical architecture layer design
Physical architecture layer design
Design objectives architecture examples
West 8 architecture
Physical architecture layer design
Digital design and computer architecture
Design architecture software
Alu design in computer architecture
Digital design and computer architecture
Digital design and computer architecture
Atm topology
Architecture design principles
Architecture design principles
Contoh desain arsitektur aplikasi
Network analysis architecture and design
Logic design conventions in computer architecture
Elements of design in architecture
Block diagram of hardwired control unit
Design synthesis architecture
Flowchart for memory reference instructions
Alu computer architecture
It is a decorative design
Architect design patterns
Layers in security architecture design
Complex software design
Bubble pushing example
Design of basic computer
Software architecture design
Hadoop distributed file system architecture design
Goog
Security architecture and models
Microsoft technology centre
Digital design and computer architecture arm edition