Recognizing Useful and Harmful Materials Everything around us

Recognizing Useful and Harmful Materials

• Everything around us is Matter. - The soil in the farm , - the water in the river and sea, - the air we breathe.

• Matter has different properties that make them different from one another

• Some types of matter have properties that make them good materials for producing useful products. • Other types have properties that make them harmful. • Sometimes matter also undergoes changes that affect their properties

In this topic , you will learn how to identify the different properties of matter that can help us determine whether it is harmful or usefull

Useful and Harmful Substances • There are substances that are useful , harmful, or both useful and harmful, depending on how they used.

Common Household Materials • Have you observe different materials commonly used at home? • What does your Mom use for cooking? • For cleaning? • For gardening? • How about you Dad use for repair?

Classification of Household Materials Useful Substances • There are useful chemical substances at home. Ex. Bath soap, shampoo conditioner, perfume cologne, hair spray and other used for hygiene and care

Classification of Household Materials • Soap - is a beneficial materials at home. - it is made of fat and alkali. - it is Antiseptics • Antiseptics – are substances that prevent the growth of microorganism that cause infection.

Classification of Household Materials • Detergents - are in liquid or solid forms - it is Antiseptics - stronger than soap - but they both used in cleaning dirty • Antiseptics – are substances that prevent the growth of microorganism that cause infection.

Classification of Household Materials Other Useful Substances üSugar üSalt üCooking oil üVinegar üAdditives üPreservatives And other Condiments used for cooking

Classification of Household Materials Other Useful Substances • Additives - are substance that are needed to give better flavor and texture to foods.

Classification of Household Materials Other Useful Substances • Preservatives - are materials used to prevent food from spoiling easily. These are: - Salt, vinegar and sugar

Classification of Household Materials Other Useful Substances • Wood – it is very useful in making furniture and for cooking

Classification of Household Materials Other Useful Substances • Medicine – are chemical used to treat and prevent diseases. – they come in tablet, liquid, or capsule forms – prescribe by doctors must only be taken

Classification of Household Materials Harmful Substances • There are harmful chemical substances at home. Ex. Spoiled food Most types of food poisoning cause one or more of the following signs and symptoms: 1. Nausea. 3. Watery or bloody diarrhea. 2. Vomiting. 4. Abdominal pain and cramps. 5. Fever.

Classification of Household Materials Useful and Harmful Substances Some matter are useful and harmful at the same time. Ex. Pesticides / insecticides - are the materials used for killing or eradicating harmful organisms.

Classification of Household Materials Useful and Harmful Substances Pesticides / insecticides - are useful for killing insects and pest like cockroaches, mosquitoes, bed bugs, and rats - Insecticides are poisonous if swallowed.

Classification of Household Materials Useful and Harmful Substances Some matter are useful and harmful at the same time. These are Synthetic Materials - materials that are produced with the use of chemicals. - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

Classification of Household Materials Useful and Harmful Substances Ex. Plastic - most common synthetic materials. - use for making containers - most materials today are made of plastic

Classification of Household Materials Useful and Harmful Substances Ex. Plastic - but plastic affects human health. Toxic chemicals leach out of plastic and are found in the blood and tissue of nearly all of us. - Exposure to them is linked to cancers, birth defects, impaired immunity, endocrine disruption and other ailments

Classification of Household Materials Useful and Harmful Substances Paint - paint is useful - but the smell of paint can cause headache and dizziness.

Classification of Household Materials Useful and Harmful Substances Paint - paint make houses, buildings and any infrastructure look attractive and colorful and to prevent the formation of rusts. - but the smell of paint can cause headache and dizziness.

Summary There are common household materials. These are material are grouped as housekeeping materials, which includes soaps, detergent, disinfectants, pesticides, food preservatives and additives. • Some materials used as medicines which treat and prevent diseases. • Other are synthetic materials • • All of this are useful in many ways. They must be used properly to avoid of their harmful effects.