First they came for the Socialists and I

Hitler believed that German “volk”, the German people were the best in the world.

Thus, one of the reasons Hitler hated the Jews was because he believed their

He, and the Nazis believed that if Jewish blood was allowed to mix with

The Nazis were forced to deal with “the Jewish Question. ” What should be

On January 30, 1933 Adolf Hitler becomes the Chancellor of Germany At the time,

On March 22 nd, 1933 the Nazis will open Dachau Concentration Camp outside of

April 1 st 1933 the Nazis begin boycotting of Jewish shops and businesses. April

In 1935, the Nazi Party passed the Nuremberg Laws. These laws were designed: To

July 23 rd 1938 Jews, like all other German citizens, were required to carry

In October of 1939 Nazis begin euthanasia of sick and disabled in Germany. This

In 1942 Jews were forced to wear the Star of David on their clothing

While Jews were seen as the primary problem, they weren’t the only groups that

Nazi and volkist ideology also targeted: Gypsies Homosexuals Jehovah’s Witnesses Mentally and physically handicapped

The Nazi plan for dealing with the “Jewish Question” evolved in three steps: 1.

In order to convince Jewish business owners to leave, the Nazis encouraged Germans to

As a result of such violence and open hostility, those that could leave, got

The U. S. accepted between 90, 000 and 100, 000 refugees including Albert Einstein,

Those Jews who had not left were rounded up and forced to move into

Maintaining these ghettos became too expensive for the Nazis to sustain. Another solution to

Hitler placed Heinrich Himmler in charge of planning the final solution to the Jewish

At the Wannsee Conference Himmler set out the plan for the ultimate extermination of

Most Jews arrived at Auschwitz and the other camps by train.

To cripple the Nazi ability to exterminate Jews, all it would have taken would

As Allied forces moved toward Berlin in 1945, they also began to liberate the

Europe TOTAL Initial Jewish Population Estimated % Killed 9, 508, 340 63% Estimated Killed

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First they came for the Socialists, and I did not speak out-Because I was not a Socialist. Then they came for the Trade Unionists, and I did not speak out-Because I was not a Trade Unionist. Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out-Because I was not a Jew. Then they came for me--and there was no one left to speak for me. Martin Niemoller German Pastor

Hitler believed that German “volk”, the German people were the best in the world. From a Social Darwinist perspective he argued they possessed the best genes of any race.

Thus, one of the reasons Hitler hated the Jews was because he believed their inferior genes threatened the dominance of German genetics.

He, and the Nazis believed that if Jewish blood was allowed to mix with German, Aryan blood, the awesomeness of the German people would be destroyed.

The Nazis were forced to deal with “the Jewish Question. ” What should be done with the Jews to prevent them from destroying the German race?

On January 30, 1933 Adolf Hitler becomes the Chancellor of Germany At the time, Germany has a Jewish population of over 566, 000.

On March 22 nd, 1933 the Nazis will open Dachau Concentration Camp outside of Munich Concentration Camps were facilities in which people are detained or confined, under harsh conditions without regard to legal process.

April 1 st 1933 the Nazis begin boycotting of Jewish shops and businesses. April 11 th 1933 the Nazis issue decree defining Aryans and Non-Aryans. July 14 1933 Nazi party is declared only legal/legitimate party. July 1933 Laws passed revoking German citizenship to Jews and forcing sterilization on those with genetic defects November 24 th 1933 Habitual and Dangerous Criminal Act Passed (beggars, alcoholics, homeless, unemployed put in concentration camps)

In 1935, the Nazi Party passed the Nuremberg Laws. These laws were designed: To stop Jews and Germans from marrying. To stop Jews and Germans from having sexual relations To completely strip citizenship and make Jews “subjects” of the Reich

July 23 rd 1938 Jews, like all other German citizens, were required to carry identity cards, but their cards were stamped with a red “J. ” This allowed police to easily identify them.

In October of 1939 Nazis begin euthanasia of sick and disabled in Germany. This came from the study of Eugenics, which focused on “Race Hygiene. ” This would pave the way for the processing of the “Final Solution. ” Approximately 200, 000 people would perish from this program.

In 1942 Jews were forced to wear the Star of David on their clothing to make identification even easier.

While Jews were seen as the primary problem, they weren’t the only groups that might pollute German blood.

Nazi and volkist ideology also targeted: Gypsies Homosexuals Jehovah’s Witnesses Mentally and physically handicapped Germans People of Slavic background (Eastern Europeans / Soviets Poles

The Nazi plan for dealing with the “Jewish Question” evolved in three steps: 1. Expulsion: Get them out of Germany 2. Containment: Put them all together in one place – namely ghettos 3. “Final Solution”: Annihilation

In order to convince Jewish business owners to leave, the Nazis encouraged Germans to destroy Jewish property. The most famous example came on November 10, 1938 on Kristallnacht, or night of broken glass.

As a result of such violence and open hostility, those that could leave, got out. They left Germany for any place they could find. Tillich

The U. S. accepted between 90, 000 and 100, 000 refugees including Albert Einstein, and Edward Teller. Why are these two important?

Those Jews who had not left were rounded up and forced to move into ghettos. This isolated them and got them out of Germany, as most ghettos were set up in polish cities.

Maintaining these ghettos became too expensive for the Nazis to sustain. Another solution to the Jewish problem was needed.

Hitler placed Heinrich Himmler in charge of planning the final solution to the Jewish problem. On January 20, 1942 Himmler called top Nazi officials to the German town of Wannsee to discuss his plans.

At the Wannsee Conference Himmler set out the plan for the ultimate extermination of Jews in Europe. The plan was to construct a series of concentration and extermination camps that would destroy European Jews with the utmost industrial efficiency.

Most Jews arrived at Auschwitz and the other camps by train.

To cripple the Nazi ability to exterminate Jews, all it would have taken would have been a few Allied bombers taking out the railroad tracks that fed the death camps.

As Allied forces moved toward Berlin in 1945, they also began to liberate the camps. Only then, did the world really understand the horror of the Holocaust.

Europe TOTAL Initial Jewish Population Estimated % Killed 9, 508, 340 63% Estimated Killed 5, 962, 129 Number of Survivors 3, 546, 211