European Exploration and Colonization What European country explored

European Exploration and Colonization

What European country explored and settled the Caribbean, Central America, and South America? • Spain

For what two reasons did Englishmen settle in North America? • Religious Freedom • Economic Opportunity

What religious group settled New England? • The Puritans

What was another name for the Church of England? • The Anglican Church

What was the major reason for the settlement of New England? • Religious Freedom

Who settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620? • Commonly called the Pilgrims

What agreement signed by the male settlers at Plymouth helped establish the notion of self-government in the Americas? • The Mayflower Compact

Who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony? • The Puritans

What was the basic unit of the Massachusetts Bay Colony? • The Church Congregation • Each congregation established a Town

Where did the Puritans practice a form of direct democracy? • At Town Meetings

What three European groups chiefly settled the Middle Atlantic region? • English • Dutch • Germans

What was the major reason for the settlement of Virginia and the other Southern colonies? • Economic Opportunity

Who founded the Virginia colony as a business venture? • The Virginia Company of London

Who were the English nobility who received large land grants in Virginia from the King of England helped settle the colony? • Cavaliers

Define indentured servant? • A person who agreed to work a certain number of years in exchange for payment of his passage to America.

What was the first permanent English settlement in North America? • Jamestown

What became the cash crop of the Virginia colony? • Tobacco

What was the first elected assembly (lawmaking body) in the New World? • The House of Burgesses

With what colony does one associate the Cavaliers? • Virginia

Where did many poor English immigrants settle in the Virginia colony? • In the Shenandoah Valley or western Virginia

What regions of the Western Hemisphere did the Spanish explore and settle? • The Caribbean • Central America • South America

What region of the Western Hemisphere did the French explore? • Canada

Who had better relations with the First Americans, the British or the French? • The French

How did English colonization affect the American Indians? • Lost territory • Died from European diseases, especially smallpox

What group did Europeans force to come to the Americas? • Africans

Name four characteristics of the economy of the New England colonies? • • Shipbuilding Fishing Lumbering Subsistence Farming

Name three characteristics of the economy of the Middle Colonies? • Shipbuilding • Small farms • Trading

What was the economic basis of the Southern colonies? • Cash crops raised on large Plantations

What formed the basis of the economy of the Southern colonies in the mountains and valleys of the Appalachian foothills? • Subsistence farming • Hunting • Trading

What were three cash crops of the Southern colonies? • Tobacco • Rice • Indigo

What were the two cash crops in South Carolina? • Rice • Indigo

Which English colonies believed in private property and free enterprise (profit)? • ALL

What trade pattern brought Africans to the English colonies? • The Triangular Trade

What was the name of the forced voyage of African slaves from their homes to the New World? • The Middle Passage

According to the SOL, what were the 3 points in the Triangular Trade? • The New England Colonies • The West Indies • Africa

To what major conflict did the Southern colonies’ slavery-based agricultural economy eventually lead? • The Civil War

What does religious tolerance mean? • Freedom of Religion

What religious group settled Pennsylvania? • Quakers

What religious group settled Maryland? • Roman Catholics

What two groups of colonists generally believed in religious tolerance? • Quakers • Roman Catholics

What are the eastern lowlands of the Atlantic Coastal Plain called? • Tidewater

What was the background of the small farmers, hunters, and traders in the mountains and valleys of the inland South? • Scotch-Irish • English

What religious movement swept the American colonies in the mid-1700 s? • The Great Awakening

Name two important leaders of the Great Awakening? • George Whitefield • Jonathan Edwards

What two denominations grew rapidly as a result of the Great Awakening? • Baptists • Methodists

What religious movement of the mid-18 th century preached “fire and brimstone” sermons to encourage spiritual rebirth? • The Great Awakening

What did the Great Awakening challenge? • The religious order of the colonies • The governmental order of the colonies