India Colonization in India BEFORE COLONIZATION DURING COLONIZATION

India

Colonization in India BEFORE COLONIZATION DURING COLONIZATION • Before the 1700 s, India was a • Great Britain takes over India and makes it a colony bunch of different kingdoms ( brain pop on British colonization) under the control of an – Needed India for its resources like Emperor gems and cotton, ESPECIALLY since they just lost the USA as a colony – Last dynasty was the Mughals • Treats the native Indian people who were Muslim like second class citizens – Even though Emperor was – Limited rights Muslim and the majority of – Muslims treated slightly lower Indians were Hindu, not a lot of than Hindus religion issues – Little to no representation in • Indians were allowed to keep government their religion – Over taxed • Paid empire in taxes – Make English the official language – Controls natural resources of India

How did India get it’s freedom • Used non violent action under leadership of Gandhi – Brain pop on Gandhi • What is non violent action? Watch the clips below and respond to the questions on your worksheet: – The Salt March – The Amritsar Massacre – The Salt Work Factory

Discussion • Gandhi and his followers opposed the law without being violent, how did he do this? Could you have done it? • Think about a leader or a movement in America that may have been influenced by Gandhi and his non violent action

IMMEDIATE AFTER EFFECTS of colonization • 1947 India gains independence • India did gain some modern technology from British like: railroads, telegraph and steam ship • Many Muslims leave India to start Pakistan – They feel they are not being represented equally in government which was 80% Hindu.

The Hindu Caste system 6

INDIA’S ECONOMY • • – trying to move from traditional to market economy Imports: Oil Exports: gems/ jewelry Problems: Deforestation and river pollution Types of Industry: – Primary- Bauxite, coal and iron – Secondary- making cotton cloth and jute rope, farming rice and wheat – Service- computer companies. Many US companies outsource computer or telecommunications to India – Cottage Industry: whole families make their own goods.

INDIA’s Government • VERY MUCH LIKE AMERICAS! • Representative Democracy (people vote for who is the leader and who represents them in Parliament) – Parliament (like our Congress) is the group of representatives who makes laws. • 1 - Council of the States ( kinda like our Senate) • 2 - House of People ( kinda like our House of Representatives) – The Prime Minister is the elected leader of India (like our president) – All castes can vote

INDIA’s Culture • India’s population is over 1 billion! • Hindi is the most popular of India’s 18 languages • The movie industry in India makes more movies than Hollywood and so its called Bollywood • 70% of the people work in farming villages and have a low standard of living- high level of poverty (they need help getting good schools, roads, water and education) • Most popular holiday is Diwali which means “Festival of Lights” which celebrates the coming of winter and victory of good over evil • Literature: epic poem called The Mahabharata • Food: little to no meat for religious purposes • Family: often several related families live together – parents choose grooms for brides and pay dowry

INDIA GEOGRAPHY: Karakoram and Himalaya Mountain ranges in the north Mountains block cold winds from the north The Ganges and Indus Rivers flow from Himalayas and bring water and fertile land • Climate: hot all year with monsoons from June-September – Monsoons are warm winds that bring moist air from the Indian Ocean causing rain – Up to 100 inches! • •