E Gluskin for the APSANL LCLS SCU Team

E. Gluskin for the APS/ANL LCLS SCU Team Mar. 3, 2016 1

SCU developments at the APS: Motivation APS/ANL LCLS SCU Team APS SCU technical facilities SCU fabrication process SCU assembly process Characterization of SCU magnetic performance Summary 2

3 Activity Years A proposal of the helical SCU for the LCLS 1999 Development of the APS SCU concept 2000 -2002 R&D on SCU in collaborations with LBNL and NHFML 2002 -2008 R&D on SCU 0 in collaborations with FNAL and UW-Madison 2008 -2009 Design (in the collaboration with the BINP) and manufacture of SCU 0 2009 -2012 SCU 0 installed into the APS storage ring December 2012 SCU 0 is in routine user operation Since February 2013 SCU 1 installed into the APS storage ring and is in user operation April 2015 FEL/LCLS 1. 5 -m long prototype designed, built and successfully tested October 2015

Brightness Tuning Curves (SCUs 1. 6 cm vs. UA 3. 3 cm vs. Revolver U 2. 3 cm & U 2. 5 cm) § § § 4 Tuning curves for odd harmonics of the SCU and the “Advanced SCU” (ASCU) versus planar permanent magnet hybrid undulators for 150 m. A beam current. ASCU is Nb 3 Sn undulator with optimized performance. The SCU 1. 6 cm surpasses the U 2. 5 cm by a factor of ~ 5. 3 at 60 ke. V and ~ 10 at 100 ke. V. The tuning range for the ASCU assumes a factor of two enhancement in the magnetic field compared to today’s value – 9. 0 ke. V can be reached in the first harmonic instead of 18. 6 ke. V.

1997 1996 2000 2001 1979 2005 2004 Mezentsev Nikolay Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics 2006 2002 2012 2013 2002 5

Yury Ivanyushenkov – head of the team Joel Fuerst – cryogenic design, project management Yuko Shiroyanagi – thermal and mechanical analysis Quentin Hasse – epoxy impregnation, vacuum Chuck Doose – magnet measurements, system assembly Matt Kasa – magnet windings, magnet measurements, controls Sue Bettenhausen – magnet winding, assembly Engineering design support: E. Trakhtenberg, D. Jensen D. Skiadopoulos Special tasks: I. Kesgin General support: G. Pile, M. White 6

Magnet winding lab Compressors for cryocoolers Small vertical cryostat 7 Magnet measurement bench

Design and fabrication of the cryostat Design and fabrication of Nb. Ti 2. 1 -cm period, 1. 5 -m long undulator. Assembly/integration of Nb. Ti undulator and the cryostat Design and fabrication of beam vacuum chambers Design and fabrication of the magnet measurement system compatible with the small aperture undulators Assembly/integration of Nb 3 Sn undulator and the cryostat Cryogenic and magnetic characterization of both undulators at the APS SCU facility 8

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Cryocoolers 1 st thermal shield 10

Current leads 11

Liquid He vessel Liquid He plumbing 12 Thermal links

Vacuum chamber Thermal shields 13

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1. 08 -m long, 1. 8 -cm period Highly controlled and precise winding - key to the magnet performance

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17 Oven inside: 1. 2 mx 1. 5 mx 3. 7 m Mold in the oven

Current, sensors leads 18 Undulator magnet Linear stage for the Hall probe scan

Undulator assembly 19 Cold mass before loading in the cryostat Cold mass assembly Cold mass in the cryostat on Kevlar loops

SCU warm-sensor concept • Scanning Hall probe: Specially developed three-sensor Hall probe (attached to carbon fiber tubing and driven by linear stage) to measure By , Bx , and Bz simultaneously. On-the-fly Hall probe measurements (2 cm/s, Δz 0. 2 mm, typical z range ± 100 cm) to determine local field errors and phase errors. • Stretched Wire Coil: Stretched wire rectangular, delta and ‘figure-8’ coils to determine static and dynamic 1 st and 2 nd field integrals. Coils can be translated along x axis approximately ± 0. 2 cm to measure integrated multipole components. 20 SCU horizontal measurement system Magnetic measurement system showing 3. 5 m linear stage with the SCU cryostat located on the far end of the stage. The system can be configured for Hall probe or stretched-wire measurements without warming the cryostat.

Concept of a new cryostat 21 (Joel Fuerst) Short prototype on the winding machine

APS developed strong expertise in the design and construction of Nb. Ti- based planar SCUs. It has the dedicated facility for construction and characterization of SCUs. APS SCU team acquired and developed all theoretical and technical tools needed for SCUs design and construction. Two SCUs are successfully operating at the APS SCU team for the first time designed, built and characterized SCU that meets or exceed all FEL undulator specifications. APS team worked closely and productively with SLAC and LBL SCU team to ensure the successful completion of the project. 22

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Calendar year APS delivered SCU 0 operating SCU 0 down SCU 1 operating SCU 1 down 2013 4872 h 4169 h 2014 4927 h 4410 h 193 h [1] 2015 4941 h 4759 h 0 h 2984 h [2] 1 h Total 14740 h 13338 h 213 h 2984 h 1 h Total number of SCU 0 self-quenches is 5. E-beam has never been lost due to quenches. [1] November: Partial loss of one cryocooler capacity [2] Installed in May; operated May – December 2015 24