Atoms Elements and Compounds Chapter 7 Elements and

  • Slides: 21
Download presentation

Atoms, Elements, and Compounds

Atoms, Elements, and Compounds

Chapter 7: Elements and the Periodic Table • 7. 1 The Periodic Table •

Chapter 7: Elements and the Periodic Table • 7. 1 The Periodic Table • 7. 2 Properties of the Elements

Investigation 7 A The Periodic Table • What is the periodic table and how

Investigation 7 A The Periodic Table • What is the periodic table and how many elements are there?

7. 1 Physical properties • Characteristics that you can see through direct observation are

7. 1 Physical properties • Characteristics that you can see through direct observation are called physical properties. • Physical properties include color, texture, density, brittleness, and state (solid, liquid, or gas). • Melting point, boiling point, and specific heat are also physical properties.

7. 1 Chemical properties • Properties that can only be observed when one substance

7. 1 Chemical properties • Properties that can only be observed when one substance changes into a different substance are called chemical properties. • Any change that transforms one substance into a different substance is called a chemical change.

7. 1 The Periodic Table • The periodic table organizes the elements according to

7. 1 The Periodic Table • The periodic table organizes the elements according to how they combine with other elements (chemical properties). • The periodic table is organized in order of increasing atomic number.

7. 1 The Periodic Table • The periodic table is further divided into periods

7. 1 The Periodic Table • The periodic table is further divided into periods and groups. • Each horizontal row is called a period. • Each vertical column is called a group.

Metals and Nonmetals • Metals: • shiny, opaque • A good conductor of heat

Metals and Nonmetals • Metals: • shiny, opaque • A good conductor of heat and electricity • Ductile • Left side of the zigzag line • • • Nonmetals: Poor conductors Brittle as solids Dull To the right of zigzag line except hydrogen

Atomic Mass • The average mass of all known isotopes of an element, expressed

Atomic Mass • The average mass of all known isotopes of an element, expressed in AMU • Example: Li atomic number of 3, has an atomic mass of 6. 941 • Example: B atomic number of 5, has an atomic mass of 10. 811

Groups of the Periodic Table Alkali Metals: • (group #1) Includes elements Li, Na,

Groups of the Periodic Table Alkali Metals: • (group #1) Includes elements Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs • Soft, silvery metals that are highly reactive. • Each combine in a two to one ratio with oxygen • Have one Valence electron

Alkaline Earth Metals • (group #2) metals: • Include elements Be, Mg, Ca, Sr,

Alkaline Earth Metals • (group #2) metals: • Include elements Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba • These are less reactive than the group 1 elements • Form oxides with oxygen in a ratio of 1 to 1. • Have two valence electrons

Halogens • • • Group 17 elements Nonmetals Toxic gases or liquids Include elements

Halogens • • • Group 17 elements Nonmetals Toxic gases or liquids Include elements F, Cl, Br, I Form salts with alkali metals 7 valence electrons

Noble Gases • Group 18 • Include elements He, ne, Ar Kr, Xe •

Noble Gases • Group 18 • Include elements He, ne, Ar Kr, Xe • Are completely inert, un-reactive in nature • All gases • Full shell of 8 electrons

Transition Metals • • • Groups 3 -12 Middle of the table Include Ti,

Transition Metals • • • Groups 3 -12 Middle of the table Include Ti, Fe, Cu Good conductors Have either 1 or 2 valence electrons Considered reactive, but less than groups 1 and 2

7. 1 Energy levels and the periodic table • The periods (rows) of the

7. 1 Energy levels and the periodic table • The periods (rows) of the periodic table correspond to the energy levels in the atom.

7. 1 Energy levels and the periodic table

7. 1 Energy levels and the periodic table

7. 1 Energy levels and the periodic table

7. 1 Energy levels and the periodic table

Atoms Elements and Compounds ATOMS u Atoms areAtoms Elements and Compounds ATOMS u Atoms are
Atoms Elements and Compounds Atoms and Elements EverythingAtoms Elements and Compounds Atoms and Elements Everything
atoms molecules and compounds atoms Atoms make upatoms molecules and compounds atoms Atoms make up
atoms molecules and compounds atoms Atoms make upatoms molecules and compounds atoms Atoms make up
Chapter 4 Atoms and Elements Experiencing Atoms AtomsChapter 4 Atoms and Elements Experiencing Atoms Atoms
Elements Compounds Mixtures Comparing Elements Compounds Mixtures ElementsElements Compounds Mixtures Comparing Elements Compounds Mixtures Elements
What are atoms elements molecules and compounds AtomsWhat are atoms elements molecules and compounds Atoms
Atoms Elements and Compounds Unit 2 Atoms MatterAtoms Elements and Compounds Unit 2 Atoms Matter
Atoms Elements Molecules and Compounds Atoms The buildingAtoms Elements Molecules and Compounds Atoms The building
Atoms Molecules Elements and Compounds Atoms l AtomAtoms Molecules Elements and Compounds Atoms l Atom
6 1 Atoms Elements and Compounds Atoms The6 1 Atoms Elements and Compounds Atoms The
182022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 182022 Atoms are182022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 182022 Atoms are
Atoms Elements and Molecules Atoms Atoms are theAtoms Elements and Molecules Atoms Atoms are the
1252022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 1252022 Atoms are1252022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 1252022 Atoms are
1302022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 1302022 Atoms are1302022 Atoms and Elements Atoms 1302022 Atoms are
BINARY COMPOUNDS POLYATOMIC COMPOUNDS BINARY COMPOUNDS two elementsBINARY COMPOUNDS POLYATOMIC COMPOUNDS BINARY COMPOUNDS two elements
Matter Atoms Compounds Elements mixtures Matter matters CompoundsMatter Atoms Compounds Elements mixtures Matter matters Compounds
Elements Compounds and Mixtures Chapter 7 Elements compoundsElements Compounds and Mixtures Chapter 7 Elements compounds
Elements and Compounds Atomic Theory Elements Compounds andElements and Compounds Atomic Theory Elements Compounds and
Elements Compounds and Periodic Table Elements Compounds andElements Compounds and Periodic Table Elements Compounds and