Classifying Matter 826 Mixture vs Pure Substance Matter

Classifying Matter 8/26

Mixture vs. Pure Substance Matter Pure Substance Element Compound Mixture Heterogeneous Homogeneous

PURE SUBSTANCES

Pure Substances • Pure Substance- Constant and uniform throughout (atom or molecule) 1 type of something Atom Molecule • Atom- Single element (Cannot be broken into smaller parts) – Elements (ex. Au, H, Ne) – Where can you find a list of elements? • HOFBr. INCl • Molecule- 2 or more atoms put together

Molecules/Compounds • Compound- more than one type of element in a molecule (ex. Na. Cl) • Can be separated into elements + • The properties of compounds can be much different than the properties of just the elements – For example : Na. Cl

• These elements combine with each other during a chemical reaction + • They combine in a fixed proportion (Law of Definite Proportion)-they bind the same way every time! – Examples – Na. Cl, H 2 O, Fe(NO 3)3

Fun Fact • Today, there approximately 10 million known compounds, and new compounds continue to be developed and discovered at the rate of about 100 000 per year. • There appears to be no limit to the number of compounds that can be made or that will be discovered.

Which are elements and which are compounds?

Allotrope • Allotrope-forms of an element in the same physical state but have different structures –Example: Diamonds and Graphite (forms of Solid Carbon)

MIXTURES

Mixtures • Mixture- A blend or combination of two or more pure substances • Not chemically combined!!!!! • Variable compositions (not uniform and unchanging) – Granite -Candy

Heterogeneous Mixture • heterogeneous mixture – you can actually see a difference / does not blend smoothly throughout – Examples: Sand & Water, Salt & Pepper, a bag of M&Ms

Homogeneous Mixture • homogeneous mixture - you cannot see a difference; it always has a single phase – Examples: Salt water: H 2 O + Na. Cl Air: N 2 + O 2 + CO 2 • Mixture with no visibly different parts

Solution • A homogeneous mixture is also known as a solution!

Alloy • Alloy- a homogeneous mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and a nonmetal in which the metal substance is the major component – Examples: Steel, Brass

Classify • Mixtures – Homogeneous – Heterogeneous • pure substances – elements – compounds Draw a picture, similar to the pictures above, that represents a compound

Practice • http: //www. teacherbridge. org/public/bhs/tea chers/Dana/Matter. html

Create a Matter Concept Map • Work with your partner to create your very own concept map. (Bubble map) – Be Creative – Use Color – Use Pictures

• In this activity you will create a concept map that diagrams the relationships among the following ideas: • Air Water • Carbon Solution • Chocolate chip cookie Soil • Compound Sodium Chloride (Salt) • Element Salt Water • Heterogeneous Pure • Homogeneous Oxygen • Mixture Matter