ANALISA PERANCANGAN SISTEM Program Pasca Sarjana Magister Sistem

ANALISA & PERANCANGAN SISTEM Program Pasca Sarjana Magister Sistem Informasi Universitas Gunadarma Disusun Oleh : Dr. Lily Wulandari

Systems Analysis • • System Development Life Cycle Planning Phase Analysis Phase Documentation Tools

System Development Life Cycle

Planning Phase • Create a Project Development Plan • Project management software • Joint application design (JAD)

Planning Phase • Graphical project planning – PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) – WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) – Gantt chart

Planning Phase

Planning Phase

Planning Phase

Analysis Phase • Produce a list of requirements for a new or revised information system • Analysis phase activities –Study the current system –Determine system requirements –Write requirements report • System requirements are the criteria for successfully solving problems identified in an information system –Success factors

Documentation Tools • The core documentation tool for project teams using structured methodology is the data flow diagram (DFD) –External entity –Data store –Process –Data flow

Documentation Tools

Documentation Tools • The current standard for object-oriented documentation is called UML (Unified Modeling Language) • A use case diagram documents the users of an information system and the functions they perform –Actors • A class diagram provides the name of each object, a list of each object’s attributes, a list of methods, and an indication of the cardinality between objects • A sequence diagram depicts the detailed sequence of interactions that take place for a use case

Documentation Tools • CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) tools help project team members manage all the details of system documentation. In this example, the project team is developing a course registration system. The top screen shows how the CASE tool helps developers create a complete specification by pointing out missing elements in the design. The second screen shows how the CASE tool generates program code.

System Design • Design Phase • Evaluation and Selection • Application Specifications

Design Phase • The project team must figure out how the new system will fulfill the requirements specified in the System Requirements Report

Design Phase • Consider the following when evaluating hardware alternatives – Level of automation and computerization – Processing methodology • Centralized processing • Distributed processing – Network technology

Design Phase • Software alternatives – Programming language – Application development tool –Commercial software –Turnkey system

Evaluation and Selection • Decision support worksheet

Evaluation and Selection • A request for proposal (RFP) describes the information system problem and the requirements for the solution

Application Specifications • Describe the way the information system’s software should interact with users, store data, process data, and format reports • Feature creep refers to the failure to constrain change • Changes should be managed formally, including written change requests

Implementation and Maintenance • • • Implementation Phase Development and Testing Documentation and Training Conversion and Cutover Maintenance Phase

Implementation Phase • Project team supervises the tasks necessary to construct the new information system

Development and Testing • Software customization is the process of modifying a commercial application to reflect an organization’s needs • Application testing is performed in three ways: – Unit testing – Integration testing • Test area – System testing

Development and Testing

Documentation and Training • System documentation – Describes a system’s features, hardware architecture, and programming • User documentation – Describes how to interact with the system to accomplish specific tasks – Procedure handbook • Contains step-by-step instructions for performing specific tasks

Conversion and Cutover • System conversion – Deactivating an old information system and activating a new one – Several conversion strategies: • Direct conversion • Parallel conversion • Phased conversion • Pilot conversion • Acceptance testing is designed to verify that the new information system works as required

Maintenance Phase • Involves day-to-day operation of the system, making modifications to improve performance, and correcting problems • The term quality of service (Qo. S) refers to the level of performance a computer system provides

Maintenance Phase • The system operator is responsible for operating the computer on a day-to-day basis • The systems programmer installs new versions of the operating system and modifies settings to maximize performance • The help desk is staffed by technical support specialists who are familiar with the information system and record problems and solutions