Unit 4 Colonial Life Lesson 6 Slavery in

Unit 4: Colonial Life Lesson 6: Slavery in the Colonies

Slave Codes and the Move to Racial Slavery The Life of Enslaved Africans Slavery and the Three Colonial Regions Slavery in the Colonies Discrimination and Free Africans Development of African. American Culture

Slave Codes and the Move to Racial Slavery

1640 John Punch, a runaway black servant, is sentenced to servitude for life. Punch is the first documented slave for life. 1640 New Netherlands law forbids residents from harboring or feeding runaway slaves. 1640 A South Carolina law forbids slaves from learning to read or write and made it a crime for others to teach them. Other colonies will then pass similar laws. 1641 Massachusetts becomes the first colony to legalize slavery. This will then be repeated in the other colonies. 1662 Virginia enacts a law of ‘hereditary slavery’ which meant that a child born to an enslaved mother inherited her slave status. 1664 The State of Maryland mandates lifelong servitude for all black slaves. New York, New Jersey, the Carolinas, and Virginia all pass similar laws. 1680 The State of Virginia forbids blacks from bearing arms, prohibits blacks from congregating in large numbers, and mandates harsh punishment for slaves who try to escape. 1691 Virginia passes a law that declares any white man or woman who married a black, mulatto or Indian would be banished from the colony forever. 1691 Virginia prohibits the freeing of slaves within its borders. Freed slaves are forced to leave the colony. 1702 New York passes An Act for Regulating Slaves. Among the prohibitions of this act are meetings of more than three slaves, trading by slaves, and testimony by slaves in court. 1703 Connecticut assigns the punishment of whipping to any slaves who disturb the peace. 1705 The Virginia Slave Code defines all slaves as real estate and denies slaves the right to bear arms or move abroad without written permission 1705 New York declares that punishment by execution will be applied to certain runaway slaves. 1708 Rhode Island requires that slaves be accompanied by their masters when visiting the homes of free persons. 1715 Maryland declares all slaves entering the province and their descendants to be slaves for life. 1723 Virginia outlaws the freeing of slaves.

1640 John Punch, a runaway black servant, is sentenced to servitude for life. Punch is the first documented slave for life. New Netherlands law forbids residents from harboring 1640 or feeding runaway slaves. 1640 1641 1662 1664 A South Carolina law forbids slaves from learning to read or write and made it a crime for others to teach them. Other colonies will then pass similar laws. Massachusetts becomes the first colony to legalize slavery. This will then be repeated in the other colonies. Virginia enacts a law of ‘hereditary slavery’ which meant that a child born to an enslaved mother inherited her slave status. The State of Maryland mandates lifelong servitude for all black slaves. New York, New Jersey, the Carolinas, and Virginia all pass similar laws.

Indentured Servitude Racial Slavery

Slavery and the Three Colonial Regions

Enslaved Africans were only forced to work in the Southern Colonies, not the other two regions. Agree or disagree? ? ?

New York • The use of enslaved Africans began in New Netherland in 1626 when they were forced to clear the forests, lay roads, build public buildings and grow food. • When the English took over, they used this colony as a market for slaves.

New Jersey In 1664, the English proprietors of this colony offered 60 acres of land, per slave, to any man who imported Africans as slaves to the colony.

Pennsylvania • Enslaved Africans were working in this colony as early as 1639. When the English took over in 1664, this continued. • Enslaved people were auctioned openly in the Market House of Philadelphia.

Massachusetts • The first enslaved Africans arrived in Boston in 1638. • Massachusetts merchants became involved in the slave trade and supplied enslaved Africans to Connecticut and Rhode Island.

Connecticut • Enslaved people are mentioned in historical records in Hartford in 1639 and in New Haven in 1644. • By the late 1700 s Connecticut had the largest number of enslaved Africans in New England.

Rhode Island Newport and Bristol were major slave trade markets.

The Life of Enslaved Africans

Lizzie's Story Characters: · Narrator · Lizzie, A young enslaved girl living in colonial times · Mum Bett, Lizzie's older sister · Mrs. Hannah Ashley, wife of Lizzie and Mum Bett's owner, Colonel John Ashley Scene: The Ashley house in a small town in Massachusetts during the 1700 s. Mum Bett sits in a corner of the kitchen, working on some sewing.

True Story: Mum Bett and her sister were slaves in the Ashley family home in Massachusetts. There, they were subject to the violent eruptions of their mistress. When Mrs. Ashley attempted to hit her sister with a hot shovel, Mum Bett rushed between them, taking the blow herself. The burning iron left an indelible scar. In the years leading up to 1776, the streets of Massachusetts were flooded with talk of American freedom. So was the residence of Colonel Ashley, who hosted meetings of impassioned revolutionaries. Mum Bett took great interest in the sentiments she overheard on the way to market and listened carefully to the conversations of the men she served at the Colonel's dining table. Inspired by America's fight for liberty, Mum Bett and a slave named Brom took their own battle for freedom to court. Both won their independence. Mum Bett, who changed her name to Elizabeth Freeman, set the stage for the abolition of Massachusetts slavery

Development of African-American Culture 5 – U 2. 2. 3: Describe how Africans living in North America drew upon their African past (e. g. , sense of family, role of oral tradition) and adapted elements of new cultures to develop a distinct African. American culture.

The Importance of Oral Tradition The Importance of Family

Discrimination and Free Africans

• A 1690 Connecticut law forbid free blacks and Native Americans from being on a street after 9 PM. • In 1717, the citizens of New London, Connecticut voted their objection to free blacks living in the town or owning land anywhere in the colony in a town meeting. • Free blacks were barred, by law, from owning land in colonial New Jersey. • Laws in Pennsylvania controlled the lives of free blacks. After 1700 blacks, free or enslaved, were tried in special courts, without a jury. • In 1718, a law was passed in Rhode Island stated: When any enslaved African is caught in the home of a free black person, both will be whipped.

New Historical Evidence

African Burial Ground – New York City

Triumph of the Human Spirit

32 contradiction when two ideas or actions are in conflict SS 050309) FREEDOM

Colonial Toys

Nine Men’s Morris