Topics WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM MACINTOSH

Topics WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM UNIX OPERATING SYSTEM MACINTOSH OPERATING SYSTEM

Presented To, Sir Abdul Hannan PRESENTED BY, GHULAM DASTGEER, ALI ASHTAR, UMER IJAZ

What is operating system? �Operating System is a software, which makes a computer to actually work. �It is the software the enables all the programs we use. �The OS organizes and controls the hardware. �OS acts as an interface between the application programs and the machine hardware. �Examples: Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac OS, etc. ,

What OS does? An operating system performs basic tasks such as, � controlling and allocating memory, � prioritizing system requests, � controlling input and output devices, � facilitating networking and � managing file systems.

Windows Operating System

Index Ø Early versions of windows v Windows 1. 0 v Windows 2. 0 v Windows 3. 0

Later Versions Of Windows v Windows 95 v Windows 98 v Windows 2000 v Windows ME v Windows XP v Windows Vista

Latest Versions Of Windows v Windows 7 v Windows 8. 1

History �Microsoft introduced an operating enviornment named windows in november 1985 as a graphical operating system shell.

Windows 1. 0 v Microsoft windows 1. 0 is a 16 -bit graphical operating enviornment. v It is developed by microsoft corporation and released on 20 november 1985. v It has only 256 Kb RAM. v It has only some features like Ms- DOS, calculater, calender, paint etc.

Windows 1. 0

Windows 2. 0 v Windows 2. 0 is a 16 -bit microsoft windows GUI- based operating enviornment. v Windows 2. 0 allowed application windows to overlap each other. v It also include sophisticated keyboard-shortcuts. v It is a first window that includes control panel.

Windows 2. 0

Windows 95 v Architecture moving from a mainly 16 -bit multitasked to 32 -bit architecture. v Windows 95 running at maximum 480 MB RAM. v Windows 95 does not support hard disks greater than 32 GB.

Windows 95

Windows ME v Windows ME(Millennium Edition) is a graphical operating system from microsoft. v It was initially released on september 14 2000. v Updated features in windows ME is in interface and media. v A PC world article dubbed windows ME the mistake edition.

Windows ME

Windows XP v. Windows XP came into the picture in 2001. v. It had some advanced features, �Updated desktop look �Advanced portable pc support �Automatic wireless connection support � Internet connection firewall �Help and support centre �Network set up wizard and many more.

Windows XP

Windows Vista v Windows vista came in january 30, 2007. v New features of window vista includes an updated graphical user interface and visual style dubbed Aero, a new search component called windows search.

Windows Vista

Windows 7 v. It was released worldwide on october 22, 2009 after two years of window vista. v. New features �Advanced themes �Revised interface �Two column layout start menu �Change in taskbar that it can shows preview of a window.

Windows 7

Windows 8 v. Windows 8 came on october 26, 2012. v. Main attraction of windows 8 is windows store and its fast boot. v. New plateform for developing apps, with an amphasise on touchscreen input.

Features of Windows 8 v Language and standard support v Windows store v Personal login account v Shell and user interface v Multi monitor taskbar v File explorer with ribbon v Improved look of task manager

Windows 8

Unix Operating System

Unix Operating System Ø UNIX was one of the first operating systems to be written, in 1971. Ø Advantages of UNIX are… § Multitasking – multiple programs can run at one time. § Multi-user – allows more than a single user to work at any given time. This is accomplished by sharing processing time between each user. § Safe – prevents one program from accessing memory or storage space allocated to another program, and enables file protection, requiring users to have permission to perform certain functions, such as accessing a directory, file, or disk drive.

UNIX History �The UNIX operating system was born in the late 1960 s. It originally began as a one man project led by Ken Thompson of Bell Labs, and has since grown to become the most widely used operating system. �In the time since UNIX was first developed, it has gone through many different generations and even mutations.

General Characteristics of UNIX as an Operating System (OS) � Multi-user & Multi-tasking - most versions of UNIX are capable of allowing multiple users to log onto the system, and have each run multiple tasks. � Over 30 Years Old - UNIX is over 30 years old and it's popularity and use is still high. Over these years, many variations have spawned off and many have died off, but most modern UNIX systems can be traced back to the original versions.

General Characteristics of UNIX as an Operating System (OS) � Free Applications and Even a Free Operating System - of all of the applications available under UNIX, many of them are free. The compilers and interpreters that we use in most of the programming courses here at UMBC can be downloaded free of charge. Most of the development that we do in programming courses is done under the Linux OS. � Less Resource Intensive - in general, most UNIX installations tend to be much less demanding on system resources. In many cases, the old family computer that can barely run Windows is more than sufficient to run the latest version of Linux. � Internet Development - Much of the backbone of the Internet is run by UNIX servers. Many of the more general web servers run UNIX with the Apache web server another free application.

Unix Operating System

Parts of unix v There are three types of unix. § The kernel § The shell § The Programme

Parts of the UNIX OS �The Kernel - handles memory management, input and output requests, and program scheduling. Technically speaking, the kernel is the OS. It provides the basic software connection to the hardware. The kernel is very complex and deals with the inner workings of these things, and is beyond the scope of this course. The kernel is covered in detail in “Operating Systems. ”

Parts of the UNIX OS �The Shell and Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) - basic UNIX shells provides a “command line” interface which allows the user to type in commands. These commands are translated by the shell into something the kernel can comprehend, and then executed by the kernel.

Parts of the UNIX OS �The Built-in System Utilities - are programs that allow a user to perform tasks which involve complex actions. Utilities provide user interface functions that are basic to an operating system, but which are too complex to be built into the shell. Examples of utilities are programs that let us see the contents of a directory, move & copy files, remove files, etc. . .

Parts of Unix

UNIX Interfaces � There are really 2 means of connecting to UNIX computers here at UMBC: You can be sitting in front of a dual-bootable PC that you have booted into Linux and logged onto. All of your commands are then being run locally on that computer. When you logon in this manner you have a full GUI environment. You can connect remotely to one of the UNIX servers (whether from home or at the labs). This is often how your projects are suggested to be developed as they are graded on those same servers. When you logon in this manner you have a command line (or text based) environment. You can also open up a command line on local lab machines as well.

Macintosh Operating System

Mac o. S v Mac os is a series of graphical user interface-based operating system developed by apple Inc. for their macintosh line of computer system. v Mac os was designed only to run on apple computer. v Apple names its os as mac os , beginning in 1997 which was previously known as system.

History of Mac os v In 1984, apple introduced the macintosh pc with the macintosh operating system. v The first was introduced by apple then-Chairman steve jobs was the first successful personal computer to feature a mouse and graphical user interface(GUI). v The mac os could be easily distinguished from other operating systems beause it was the only os with a full GUI.

The first Mac os

Mac OS X Cheetah v Mac OS X versions 10. 0 code named cheetah is the first major release of Mac OS X, apple desktop and server opertaing system. v Mac o X v 10. 0 was released on march 24, 2001. it was the successer of the mac OS X public beta and the predecessor of mac os X v 10. 0.

Mac OS X Cheetah

Mac OS X Panther v Mac OS X version 10. 3 is the fourth major release of mas os X apple desktop and the server operating system. v Apple advertised that mac os x panther had over 150 new features.

Mac OS X Panther

Mac OS X Tiger v Mca OS X versions 10. 4 is the fifth major release of mac os x apple desktop and server operating system for mac computer. v Tiger shocked excutives at microsoft by offering a number of features, such as fast file searching and improved graphics processing.

Mac OS X Tiger

Mac OS X Snow Leoperd v Mac OS X Snow leoperd version 10. 6 is the seventh major release of mac os x apple desktop and server operating system. v Snow leoperd included many refinememt to the user interface and new walpapers.

Mac OS X Snow Leoperd

OS X Yosemite v OS X is the upcoming eleventh major release of OS X apple Inc, s desktop and server operating system for macintash computers. v Yosemite introduced a major revision to the operating system user interface, designed with insipiration from i. OS 7, while still maintaining the OS X look and feel.

OS X Yosemite

Advantages of Mac OS v. Easy to use v. Integration with apple and other products v. Mac OS can run windows at the same time v. Relibility v. Design

Disadvantages of Mac OS v. Gaming v. Price v. Fewer software options v. Cannot be upgraded/customized